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Imiphumela emibi ye-Concerta nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani

Imiphumela emibi ye-Concerta nokuthi ungakugwema kanjaniImininingwane Yezidakamizwa

Imiphumela emibi ye-Concerta | Ukwehla kwesisindo | Ukuphathwa ikhanda | Imiphumela emibi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani? | Izexwayiso | Ukusebenzisana | Ungayigwema kanjani imiphumela emibi





I-Concerta yigama lomkhiqizo le-methylphenidate hydrochloride, imithi evuselelayo yesistimu yezinzwa evunyelwe yi-FDA esetshenziswa ekwelapheni izingane nabantu abadala abane ukunaka-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . I-ADHD yisimo esingelapheki esidala ukungacabangi, ubunzima bokunaka, kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile.



IConcerta isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga obuchopho ama-neurotransmitters dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine, ethuthukisa indlela izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zobuchopho ezixhumana ngayo. IConcerta yenza izimpawu ze-ADHD nezingqinamba zansuku zonke eziza nazo zilawuleke kangcono.

IConcerta nayo ingahle inqunyelwe ukuthi yelashwe ukugula , inkinga yokulala engapheli ebangela ukulala emini. Njengomuthi weSheduli II, inamandla okuholela ekuthembekeni kwezidakamizwa noma ekuhlukunyezweni, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kufanele kubhekwe njalo ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ake siphenye imiphumela emibi engaba khona, izixwayiso, kanye nokusebenzisana kweConcerta.

OKUSHIWO: Yini iConcerta?



Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yeConcerta

Abanye abantu abathatha i-Concerta kungenzeka bangabi nayo imiphumela emibi, kepha i- okuvame ukubikwa yilezi:

  • Ukunciphisa ukudla
  • Isicanucanu
  • Umlomo owomile
  • Ukuqwasha noma inkinga yokulala
  • Isiyezi
  • Ubuhlungu besisu noma ubuhlungu besisu
  • Ubuhlungu bekhanda
  • Ukujuluka okwengeziwe
  • Ukwethuka okwandayo
  • Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo
  • Ukuthukuthela
  • Ukwesaba
  • Ukucindezeleka
  • Umfutho wegazi uyashintsha
  • Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo
  • Ukwehla kwesisindo (kubikwe ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside)

Ukwehla kwesisindo

Kungenzeka ukunciphisa umzimba lapho uthatha iConcerta. Kungadala ukuncipha kokudla futhi kwandise imetabolism, engahle yehle ekunciphiseni kwesisindo kwabanye abantu. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo ikhombise ukwehla kwesisindo ngo-6.5% eqenjini labantu abadala abathathe i-Concerta ngokuqhathanisa no-3.3% eqenjini elithatha i-placebo. Ezimweni eziphathelene nokwehla kwesisindo, thintana nodokotela ukuthola amathiphu ekugcineni isisindo esinempilo.

Ukuphathwa ikhanda

Ukuphathwa yikhanda kungenye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu yeConcerta, okuvame ukwenzeka emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okuqala umuthi. Ngokuya ngezilingo zomtholampilo ezilawulwa yi-placebo, izimpumputhe eziyimpumputhe, ikhanda livele kuma-22.2% wabantu abadala abanikezwe iConcerta uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenzeka ngo-15.6% kubantu abathathe i-placebo. Ukuphathwa yikhanda kungancishiswa ngokuthatha i-Concerta ngokudla noma ilawulwe ngemithi yezinhlungu zasesitolo ezifana ne i-aspirin noma UTylenol . Uma ubuhlungu bekhanda buqhubeka, bukhula, noma busha, kubalulekile ukubonisana nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.



Imiphumela emibi ye-Concerta

Yize imiphumela emibi emibi evela ku-Concerta ingavamile, okulandelayo kungenzeka:

  • Izinguquko kwamehlo noma ukufiphala kwamehlo
  • Ukuncika noma ukusebenzisa kabi
  • Ingqondo
  • UMania
  • Ulaka
  • I-Tourette syndrome (ukuphazamiseka okubonakala ngokunyakaza okuphindaphindwayo noma imisindo)
  • Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
  • I-Myocardial Infarction (MI, ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni)
  • Unhlangothi
  • Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo
  • Ukuquleka
  • Ukufa okungazelelwe
  • I-Anaphylaxis (ukusabela okubi kakhulu)
  • Ukusabela kwe-Hypersensitivity (impendulo engavamile yomzimba)
  • I-Exfoliative dermatitis (ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba sonke)
  • I-Erythema multiforme (inkinga yesikhumba enezilonda ezimise okwenkunzi)
  • Izinga eliphansi lama-platelet, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, noma amaseli abomvu egazi
  • Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu amancane, isisu, noma i-esophagus
  • I-Pancytopenia (izinkinga ngomnkantsha wethambo)
  • I-Priapism (ukwakhiwa isikhathi eside kwendoda)
  • I-peripheral vasculopathy (ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emilenzeni)
  • Isimo sikaRaynaud (ukubanda nokuba ndikindiki okubangelwa ukunikezwa kwegazi okunomkhawulo)
  • Ukucindezelwa kokukhula (ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside)
  • I-Rhabdomyolysis (ukuwohloka kwezicubu zemisipha ezikhipha iprotheni elimazayo egazini)
  • I-hepatotoxicity (isifo sesibindi esinobuthi)

Ukushintsha kwemizwelo

Ekuvivinyweni komtholampilo, ukudangala kwenzeka ngesilinganiso esingu-1.7% ngeConcerta kuqhathaniswa no-0.9% nge-placebo; Ukukhathazeka kwenzeke ngesilinganiso esingu-8.2% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2.45%. Ukushintsha kwemizwelo, ukucasuka noma isimilo esinolaka nakho kungenzeka. Iziguli kufanele zifune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma zithola izimpawu ezintsha noma eziwohloka zempilo yengqondo, futhi kufanele ziqashwe ngokwanda ubutha nobudlova.

IConcerta iphakeme nokuhoxa

I-Concerta iyi- into elawulwayo nesikhuthazi seSheduli II esinamandla okuhlukumeza ngoba sakha umkhuba. I-Concerta akufanele ithathwe ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, futhi ukuphuza umuthi ngendlela ebekiwe kunganciphisa amathuba okuhlukunyezwa. Ukuncika kumuthi kwenza umuntu abe nomuzwa wokuthi kufanele awuphuze azizwe ejwayelekile, abe nezinkanuko ezinamandla zokuphuza umuthi, noma adinge okwengeziwe ngawo ukuze athole umphumela ofanayo. Ngoba i-Concerta ivula isikhungo somvuzo ebuchosheni, imithamo ephezulu ingaholela ekukhuphukeni kusukela ekukhishwe kwe-dopamine.



Izimpawu zokuhoxa zeConcerta ziqala emahoreni angama-24 ngemuva komthamo wokugcina futhi zingahlala ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa. Izimpawu zingabandakanya: ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma umfutho wegazi, isicanucanu, ikhanda, ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo, ukukhathazeka noma ukudangala, ukukhathala okukhulu, ukucasuka, amaphupho amabi, ukwethuka, ubuchopho obunenkungu, ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla, ukudangala, imicabango yokuzibulala kanye ne-psychosis.

Ukuhoxa kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu asebethathe lesi sidakamizwa isikhathi eside noma ngemithamo ephezulu. Ukumisa ukusetshenziswa kweConcerta, thintana nodokotela ukuze akusize ngokuthwebula umthamo esikhundleni sokuyeka ngokungazelelwe ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxa. Ukusetshenziswa kabi kweConcerta kungaholela ezimpawu ezinzima zokuhoxa, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukubhekwa ngokucophelela.



Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani imiphumela emibi ye-Concerta?

Iningi lemiphumela emibi evela kwaConcerta ingeyesikhashana futhi iyaphela lapho umzimba ulungisa umuthi, imvamisa evikini lokuqala, yize ukuncipha kwesifiso kungahlala isikhathi eside. Uma ngabe eminye imiphumela engemihle ayibekezeleleki, noma ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto ngemuva kokuqala i-Concerta, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele aboniswe ngezeluleko zezokwelapha. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemithi evuselelayo kungaholela ekuthembekeni nasekuhlukumezeni, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo, ukuquleka, i-vertigo, ukuqubuka, ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo, kanye nemibono.

Ukuphikisana nezixwayiso zeConcerta

Ukweqisa ngokweqile

Umthamo ofinyelela kuma-54 mg ngosuku uvunyelwe ukuthi usetshenziswe ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 kuye kwengu-12 ubudala. Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-13 kuya kwengu-17 isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala akufanele seqe ama-72 mg. Umthamo wansuku zonke ophakanyisiwe kubantu abadala ngu-72-108 mg.



Ngokusho kwe-FDA , izimpawu zokweqisa okweqile kweConcerta zifaka phakathi: ukuhlanza, ukudlikizela, ukundindizela, i-hyperreflexia, ukuxubana kwemisipha, ukudlikizela (okungalandelwa ikhoma), injabulo, ukudideka, ukuzwa noma ukubona izinto ezingekho, i-delirium, ukujuluka okweqile, ukuqhuma, ikhanda, i-hyperpyrexia (umkhuhlane ngaphezu kuka-106 degrees Fahrenheit), i-tachycardia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo), ukushaya kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia yenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-mydriasis (abafundi abahluziwe), nokoma kolwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Ezimweni zokudlula ngokweqile, funa usizo lwezokwelapha. Isiguli kufanele sivikelwe ekuzilimazeni kanye nasenkingeni yangaphandle engakhuphula izimpawu. Izinyathelo zingathathwa njengokuhlanzwa kwesisu (ukupompa isisu), noma ukuphathwa kwamalahle acushiwe (ukumunca ubuthi) kanye ne-cathartic (ukuhlanza okuqukethwe yisisu). Kungadingeka ukuqapha iziguli endaweni yokunakekelwa okunzulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushintshana okwanele kokujikeleza kwegazi nokuphefumula.



Imikhawulo

I-Concerta kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha ezigulini ezine:

  • Ukuqina okuqinile kwe-GI noma ukuqina kokuqina kokuqina kokuqina kokuqina — ukuqina okungavamile kwe-esophagus
  • I-Hyperthyroidism
  • Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu)
  • Izinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo ezifana ne-CHF (congestive heart failure) noma i-arrythmias
  • Umlando we-psychosis, ukuhlaselwa, noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
  • Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala

IConcerta isidakamizwa Sesigaba Sokukhulelwa esingakafundwa kubantu abakhulelwe. Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma izinzuzo zifakazela ubungozi. Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe uma iConcerta ithathwa ngenkathi incelisa ngoba akwaziwa ukuthi iConcerta ikhishwe yini ebisini lwebele.

I-Concerta kufanele igwenywe ezigulini ezinokuthi:

  • Ukuphathwa kwe-hypersensitivity okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-methylphenidate, njenge-anaphylaxis, ukusabela okweqile nokungasongela impilo, noma i-angioedema -ukuvuvukala ngaphansi kwesikhumba
  • Ukukhathazeka okukhulu, ukungezwani, noma ukukhathazeka ngoba kungazenza zibe zimbi lezi zimpawu
  • I-Glaucoma
  • Kuthathwe i-MAO inhibitor ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ezedlule
  • I-Tourette syndrome, motor tics, noma umlando womndeni we-Tourette syndrome
  • Isifo esinamandla senhliziyo, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, ama-arrhythmias abukhali, i-cardiomyopathy, noma isifo semithambo yegazi

Ukuphepha kweConcerta akukasungulwa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 noma kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-65 ubudala.

Hlela ukuxhumana

Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo ziphikisana neConcerta:

  • Isocarboxazid (Marplan) , i-monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) i-antidepressant. Uma kuhlanganiswe neConcerta, kungenzeka ukwanda okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi okungaholela kohlangothi.
  • I-Phendimetrazine tartrate (iBontril) , isifiso sokunciphisa / sokuvuselela. Uma kuhlanganiswe neConcerta, kunengozi eyengeziwe yomfutho wegazi ophezulu neminye imiphumela yokukhuthaza yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
  • Phenelzine sulphate ( Nardil , i-monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), engaholela enkingeni yomfutho wegazi ophakeme lapho ithathwa neConcerta.
  • I-Safinamide (Xadago) , i-monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor esetshenziselwa isifo sikaParkinson, engadala inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma inyuse ingozi isifo se-serotonin lapho ithathwa neConcerta.
  • I-Selegiline noma i-selegiline transdermal (i-Eldepryl, iZelapar) , i-anti-Parkinson monoamine oxidase inhibitor, engaholela enkingeni yomfutho wegazi ophakeme lapho ithathwa neConcerta.
  • I-Tranylcypromine sulfate (iParnate, i-MAOI engahle iholele enkingeni yomfutho wegazi ophakeme lapho ithathwa neConcerta.

Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo kufanele zigwenywe noma zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu kanye neConcerta:

  • Utshwala kufanele kugwenywe lapho uthatha iConcerta. Uma kuhlangene, imiphumela emibi yesistimu yezinzwa njengokuzela, ukukhathazeka, ukudangala, nokuquleka kungenzeka.
  • Ama-anti-depressants afaka ama-tricyclics nama-SSRI (i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe) ingakhuphula ubungozi be-serotonin syndrome lapho ithathwa neConcerta.
  • Imithi yokuquleka (ama-anticonvulsants afana ne-phenobarbital, phenytoin, ne-primidone) angakhuphula ubungozi bemiphumela emibi nokuquleka.
  • Imithi ezacile yegazi lapho ithathwa neConcerta ingandisa ingozi yokopha.
  • Imishanguzo yegazi ingahle ingasebenzi kahle uma ithathwa neConcerta, okuholele ekunyukeni kwengcindezi yegazi ..
  • Imithi ebandayo noma yokungezwani komzimba aqukethe ama-decongestants akufanele athathwe neConcerta; ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi kungenzeka.
  • Ezinye izikhuthazi

Eminye imishanguzo ethathwe kanye neConcerta ingadinga ukulungiswa noma ukuqapha okwengeziwe.

Ungayigwema kanjani imiphumela emibi ye-Concerta

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yeConcerta yikhanda, isisu esibuhlungu, ukuqwasha, isiyezi, uvalo, ukwehla kwesisindo, nokwehla kwesifiso sokudla, nakho okuvamile ngemithi ye-ADHD URitalin futhi Adderall . Ngenhlanhla, eminye imiphumela emibi ingagwenywa noma inciphiswe ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezine.

1. Thatha isilinganiso esincane esinqunyiwe

Ukwehlisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi, i-Concerta kufanele ithathwe kumthamo omncane olawula izimpawu, futhi njengoba kuchazwe ngudokotela kuphela. I-Concerta yithebhulethi yokukhishwa enwetshiwe esebenzisa uhlelo oluhlukile lokulethwa lwe-OROS (osmotically active trilayer core). Izendlalelo ezintathu zomuthi ziletha umuthi ekukhishweni ngokushesha nangokubambezeleka usuku lonke, kufinyelela ekugxileni okuphezulu egazini kungakapheli amahora ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi wokungeniswa.

I-Concerta kufanele ithathwe ngomlomo noma ngaphandle kokudla kanye ngosuku, ngasikhathi sinye njalo ekuseni. Amandla ahlukene ayatholakala: 18 mg, 27 mg, 36 mg, kanye nama-54 mg caplets.

Kubantu ababhekene nemiphumela emibi enezinkinga, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angalungisa umthamo futhi enze izincomo ezengeziwe. I-Concerta akufanele ichotshozwe, yephulwe noma ihlafunwe- kufanele igwinywe iphelele futhi ithathwe ngasikhathi sinye usuku ngalunye (ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla). Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, thatha i-Concerta nsuku zonke.

2. Dalula umlando wakho ogcwele wezokwelapha

Kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli zixoxe ngomlando wazo wezempilo ophelele nodokotela wazo ngaphambi kokuthatha i-Concerta, kufaka phakathi noma yiziphi izithasiselo abazithathayo. I-Concerta ingahle inganconywa ezigulini ezinezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, i-hyperthyroidism, i-glaucoma, umlando we-tics noma i-Tourette syndrome, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo se-bipolar. Hlala ulandela iseluleko sikadokotela.

3. Gwema ukuxhumana

Utshwala kufanele bugwenywe lapho uthatha iConcerta ngoba ingaba nomthelela emiphumeleni emibi futhi iphazamise ukukhishwa komuthi okulawulwayo. Ezigulini ezithatha ama-MAOIs, izinciphisi zegazi, ama-anticonvulsants, ama-decongestants, kanye nezinye izidambisigciwane, ukusetshenziswa kweConcerta akwaziswa.

4. Xoxa ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside nomhlinzeki wakho

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kweConcerta (isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amane) akukaze kufundwe, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa komuthi ezigulini ngazinye kufanele kubhekwe njalo ngudokotela onqumayo.