Ukwakha ukuqwashisa ngomdlavuza we-ovari kuyisidingo

Imfundo Yezempilo

Bukuphela kuka-2020, cishe Abesifazane abangama-22,000 izotholakala inomdlavuza we-ovari. Amanani okuxilongwa komdlavuza wesibeletho ehle kancane kule minyaka engama-20 edlule, kepha kuseseyimbangela yesihlanu ehamba phambili yokufa komdlavuza kwabesifazane futhi okwesibili okuvame kakhulu umdlavuza wezitho zokuzala wabesifazane.

Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza we-ovari ngempumelelo ukuwuthola ngokushesha okukhulu. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wonke umuntu wesifazane azi izingozi nezimpawu.

Uyini umdlavuza we-ovari?

Umdlavuza we-Ovarian umdlavuza oqala kuma-ovari noma kumashubhu we-fallopian. Lo mdlavuza uvame kakhulu kwabesifazane asebekhulile futhi imvamisa awutholakali uze usabalale ngaphandle kwamaqanda, okwenza kube nzima ukwelashwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezivamile zamangqamuzana ezenza ukuthi izimila zomdlavuza we-ovarian zikhule: i-surface epithelium (amaseli amboza ulwelwesi olungaphandle lwesibeletho), amaseli amagciwane (amaseli azoba amaqanda), namaseli e-stromal (amaseli akhipha ama-hormone futhi axhume izakhiwo zama-ovari).

Izicubu ze-Surit epithelial zivame kakhulu; ziphendula cishe 90% kuwo wonke umdlavuza we-ovari. Izicubu zingahlukaniswa njengobungozi obubi, amandla amancane aphansi (LMP), futhi amabi. Izicubu ze-Benign zithathwa njengezingeyona ingozi. Izicubu ze-LMP, ezivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha, zibhekwa njengomdlavuza osemngceleni futhi zikhula kancane. Izicubu ezinobungozi zinomdlavuza, ngakho-ke ziyingozi.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-Ovarian

Umdlavuza wesibeletho kwesinye isikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi umbulali othule ngoba ngesikhathi owesifazane esola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, isifo sesisabalele. Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-ovari nazo zilula ukusolwa kokunye okufana nesisu esibuhlungu.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza we-ovari zifaka:

• Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukuphuma (umdlavuza we-ovari uvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu, ngakho-ke abaningi kufanele babe ngemuva kokuya esikhathini)
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic noma ingcindezi
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma beqolo
• Ukuqhakaza
• Uzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokudla
• Udinga ukuchama kaningi noma kancane noma uhlangabezana nokuqunjelwa

Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-Ovarian

Yize abesifazane abangenabo ubungozi obuphezulu besatholakala ngomdlavuza we-ovari, kungasiza ukwazi ezinye zezici ezingakhuphula ubungozi bakho. Lokho kufaka:

• Ukuba phakathi kweminyaka yobudala noma ngaphezulu
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni womdlavuza we-ovari
• Ukuba nokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwazi njengo I-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2
• Ukuba nomdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, noma we-colorectal esikhathini esedlule
• Ukuba nesizinda sobuJuda baseMpumalanga Yurophu noma i-Ashkenazi
• Ukuba ne- i-endometriosis
• Njengoba ungakaze ubelethe noma ube nenkinga yokukhulelwa

Kukhona ezinye izivivinyo nezinqubo ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola umdlavuza we-ovari. Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic ukuzwa usayizi nokuma kwama-ovari kungasiza ekuboneni izigaba zakamuva zomdlavuza we-ovari. Izikena ze-CT kanye nama-ultrasound kungasetshenziswa ukubheka ama-ovari, isisu kanye ne-pelvis. Udokotela wakho futhi angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CA-125 ukubheka izimpawu zeprotheni ezitholakala kakhulu ebusweni bamangqamuzana omdlavuza we-ovari. Kwezinye izimo, uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo engakwazi ukuqiniseka ngokuxilongwa kwakho, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ukuze ususe elinye lamaqanda akho ukuze lihlolwe.

Ngokuya ngemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwazi ukukutshela ukuthi unasiphi isigaba somdlavuza wama-ovari onawo. Isigaba 1 sisho ukuthi umdlavuza awusabalalanga ngaphezu kwama-ovari noma amashubhu e-fallopian. Isigaba 4 sisho ukuthi sesisabalalele ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu zomzimba wakho, ikakhulukazingaphandle komgodi we-peritoneal.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-Ovarian

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza we-ovari, ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoncika ekutheni ukuba nezingane kuseyinto ongayikhetha noma oyifunayo kanye nesigaba somdlavuza wakho. Kungabandakanya uhlobo oluthile lokuhlinzwa, okungahle kuhlanganiswe ne-chemotherapy. Uma umdlavuza wakho utholwa kusenesikhathi, kuba ngcono. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-Ovarian kusebenza kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala lapho umdlavuza usaqukethe ama-ovari noma ama-lymph node azungezile.

• Ukuhlinzwa: Ngokuya ngesigaba somdlavuza wakho, ungahle ukhishwe eyodwa noma womabili amaqanda noma amashubhu e-fallopian. Uma umdlavuza ubandakanyeka kakhulu, futhi ukuba nezingane akuyona into ekhathazayo, isibeletho sakho naso singasuswa.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ngokuya ngokuthi umdlavuza usuthuthuke kangakanani, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kunganikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
• Imithi: Kukhona nemithi engasetshenziswa kokubili ukusiza ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi, obizwa ngokuthi yi-maintenance therapy, kanye ne-hormone therapy ukwelapha izicubu ezisezingeni eliphansi uma zibuya.

Ukuqwashisa Ngomdlavuza we-Ovarian

USepthemba yinyanga yokuqwashisa ngomdlavuza we-Ovarian (qaphela amaribhoni weti), isikhathi esihle sokufunda kabanzi ngalesi sifo. IWorld Ovarian Cancer Day, okwamanje, inguMeyi 8 — kepha ukuqwashisa ngomdlavuza we-ovari kufanele kube ngumzamo unyaka wonke.

Ukuqwashisa ngomdlavuza we-Ovarian kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi umehluko ukutholwa kokuqala kukwenza kangakanani emazingeni okusinda. Izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu lomdlavuza we-ovari lingama-48.6%, okudala ukuthi kube nokufa kwabantu ababalelwa ku-14,000 minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso sokusinda singama-92.6% esigabeni esenziwe indawo, okusho ukuthi umdlavuza utholakale lapho usekhona kumaqanda, ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute. Ngisho noma umdlavuza ususabalalele kuma-lymph node wesifunda, izinga lokusinda lisephezulu kuma-74.8%.

Ngeshwa, amacala angaba ngu-16% kuphela abanjwa esifundeni sendawo kanye nama-21% esifundeni sesifunda. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho nokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma okuthile kungazizwa kahle.

Ukuthola ikhambi lomdlavuza wesibeletho

Njengamanje, akukho ukuhlolwa okulula nokuthembekile kokuhlolwa komdlavuza we-ovari kwabesifazane abangenazo izimpawu. Ukuhlola futhi kungaba yingozi ngenxa yamathuba amahle noma okungelona iqiniso.

Abanye besifazane abasengozini enkulu abanomlando womndeni noma ubukhona bokushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2 bangelulekwa ukuthi bahlinzwe ukuze kususwe ama-ovari kanye namashubhu e-fallopian ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40. Abanye ochwepheshe , noma kunjalo, ncoma ukuthi kususwe kuqala amashubhu we-fallopian kuphela.

Kukhona nezindlela zokwelapha eziningi ezethembisayo ezisetshenziswayo noma ezifundwayo ukwelapha umdlavuza we-ovari:

• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe: Ukwelashwa okubhekiswe ekuguqulweni kwezakhi zofuzo okuhlukile okungadala izicubu ze-ovari.
• I-Immunotherapy: Izindlela zokuqinisa amasosha omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-checkpoint inhibitors.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Gene: Ucwaningo lokuthi izakhi zofuzo ezilimele kumaseli womdlavuza wesibeletho se-ovarian noma i-fallopian zingalungiswa kanjani noma zishintshwe.

Ithemba ukuthi ngesikhathi esingeziwe, nocwaningo, ukwelashwa okusebenza ngempumelelo kusondele ekhoneni lomdlavuza we-ovari.