Ungayelapha kanjani i-dermatitis yokuxhumana

Imfundo Yezempilo

Izimbangela | Izimpawu | Ukuxilongwa | Xhumana nokwelashwa kwesikhumba | Ukuvimbela

Kwaqala njengokuqubuka okubomvu okunukayo ekhoneni elilodwa lejwabu leso lami elingenhla futhi kwasakazeka ukusuka lapho ukumboza bonke ubuso nesifuba sami. Kwezwakala njengokushiswa yilanga okubi impela, okuxebuka kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Kwaluma njengokuhlanya, njengoba isikhumba esasifile saqhekeka saphaphalaza senza isikhala sesikhumba esasifa ngaphansi kwaso. Ngizamile ukusebenzisa okhilimu nabathambisa ukwelapha ububomvu nokuvuvukala. Yize ngangingenawo umlando wokungezwani nezinto ezithile nezinto ezithile emzimbeni, ngase ngithole i-contact dermatitis.

Uma ngabe uke waba nokusabela kubuthi be-ivy noma i-sumac enobuthi, uyazi ukuthi yini i-dermatitis yokuxhumana, noma i-eczema yokuxhumana, yilezi: iziqeshana zesikhumba ezibomvu, ezicasukile, ezinamabhamuza, nezokunwaya lapho isikhumba sakho sihlangana khona namaqabunga. Kwenzeka ngoba umzimba wakho wawunokungazwani nezinto ezithile ku-ivy onobuthi. Imvamisa, ukusabela kuzokwehla kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa. Kodwa ngezinye izimo zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis, imbangela ayicaci kangako, futhi ukuqubuka okunomunyu kungaqhubeka izinyanga futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Lezo zimo zingadinga ukuxilongwa ngokuphelele nemithi enamandla, kepha isikhathi esiningi ungasebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwesikhumba.

Izimbangela

Ukuxhumana ne-dermatitis kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sihlangana nento engayicasula (i-irritant contact dermatitis) noma ibangele ukusabela okweqile (i-allergen contact dermatitis). I-Irritant dermatitis ivame kakhulu, kubalwa i-80% yawo wonke amacala we-dermatitis wokuxhumana, ngokusho kwe- Inhlangano Kazwelonke Ye-Eczema . Ukuqhuma kwe-diaper, okuthinta kuze kufike ku-35% wezinsana ngesinye isikhathi, uhlobo lwesifo sokucasulwa yisikhumba esidalwa ukuthintana namanabukeni angcolile.

Okunye ukucasula okuvamile okungalimaza ungqimba olungaphandle lwesikhumba futhi kubangele ukuqubuka kufaka:

• Ukuhlikihla utshwala
• I-Bleach, detergents, kanye nezithambisi zendwangu
• Izixazululo, njenge-remover ye-nail polish
• Izinsipho, ama-shampoo, izimonyo, imikhiqizo yesikhumba nezinwele
• Ama-acid noma amakhemikhali
• Izimila
• Umanyolo nezibulala-zinambuzane
• Amafutha wama-antibiotic noma okhilimu
• Amafutha abalulekile

I-allergen yokuxhumana ne-dermatitis ilandisa cishe amashumi amabili% kuwo wonke amacala we-dermatitis wokuxhumana. Kwenzeka kakhulu lapho isikhumba sihlangana ne-allergen, into isikhumba esinokuzwela kuyo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-allergen ingangena emzimbeni ngokudla, ngemithi, noma ngenqubo yamazinyo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-systemic contact dermatitis. I-allergen ibangela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuba aphendule, futhi impendulo yamasosha akho omzimba ukubangela i-dermatitis.

Ukuxhumana nokungezwani komzimba kubambezelekile ukusabela kwe-hypersensitivity okubangela ukuqubuka, kusho uCory Dunnick, MD, udokotela wesikhumba, uprofesa, kanye nomqondisi wezivivinyo zokwelashwa eMnyangweni Wezesikhumba e-University of Colorado. Ukuqhuma kubonisa ukuvuvukala esikhumbeni. Amaseli akhombisa i-antigen (amaseli e-Langerhans) aqasha ama-T cell, akhipha ama-cytokines (amaprotheni athinta ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli), abangele ukuvuvukala esikhunjeni esihlangane ne-allergen.

Cishe ama-3,000 amakhemikhali aziwa ngokudala i-allergen contact dermatitis. Okuvame kakhulu yi-nickel, etholakala njalo kubucwebe nakuma-buckles ebhande. Amanye ama-allergen ajwayelekile atholakala ku:

• Imithi, kufaka phakathi ama-antihistamine omlomo nama-antibiotic okhilimu / amafutha okugcoba
• Ama-deodorants noma ama-antiperspirants, ikakhulukazi lawo aqukethe i-aluminium, amakha, izivimbelakuvunda noma odayi
• Ukugeza umzimba, ama-shampoo, nodayi wezinwele
• Izimonyo, amakha, nopholishi wezinzipho
• Impova
• Izindwangu
• Ama-insecticide
• I-formaldehyde
• I-poison ivy, i-sumac enobuthi, umango, nezinye izitshalo eziqukethe into ebizwa nge-urushiol
• Imikhiqizo efana nama-sunscreen nemithi yomlomo engadala ukusabela uma uselangeni (photoallergic contact dermatitis)
• Okhilimu bokushaywa ngama-diaper kanye namafutha okugcoba ngoba ngokuvamile aqukethe i-zinc

Izimpawu

Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis zivela kungakapheli amahora okuchayeka ku-irritant noma i-allergen, noma ezinye izifo zingathatha usuku noma ezimbili ukudala ukusabela. Nge-dermitant irritant, izimpawu zivame ukukhawulelwa esikhunjeni esathintana ngqo ne-irritant, kanti i-allergen yokuxhumana ne-dermatitis ingaqala ngesiqeshana esincane noma ngamachashazi futhi ukubhebhetheka ukumboza indawo ebanzi.

Izimpawu zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis zifaka:

• Ukuqhuma okubomvu noma izigaxa ezibomvu kuyo yonke indawo ethintekile
• Umuzwa ovuthayo
• Ubumnene
• Ukulunywa okungaba nzima
• Isikhumba esiqhekezayo, esixebukayo noma esigaxa
• Amabhamuza angahle aqhume futhi aqhume ngaphezulu

Ezimweni ezingalapheki zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis, isikhumba singase siqine futhi siqale ukwakha amapuleti. Ngaleso sizathu, ukuxhumana nedermatitis kungafana ne-psoriasis, i-atopic dermatitis, nezinye izinhlobo ze-eczema.

Iningi lamacala okuxhumana nodermatitis awanabungozi ngokomzimba futhi awasongeli impilo, kepha ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kungadingeka ukulaliswa esibhedlela, futhi isimo singaba nomthelela omubi omkhulu kuzinga lokuphila nempilo yengqondo. Isibonelo, ukunwaya kungangenisa amanye amabhaktheriya noma amagciwane aholela kuma-superinfections. Endabeni yami, izinkophe zami zaziqhekeka futhi ziqweqwe kabuhlungu kangangokuthi ngangibona kancane ekuseni ngize ngigeze ngikhuze sonke isikhumba esifile. Lesi simo senze nokuthi kube nzima ukugxila emsebenzini noma emisebenzini yansuku zonke.

OKUSHIWO: I-Psoriasis vs eczema kuqhathaniswa nesikhumba esomile

Ukuxilongwa

Ezimweni eziningi zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis, uma i-allergen noma i-irritant ingasasondele esikhunjeni sakho, izimpawu zakho kufanele zihambe kungakapheli amasonto amathathu . Bona udokotela uma izimpawu zakho ziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu noma uma ukuqhuma kusakazeka ngokushesha noma kuba nzima kakhulu okuthinta ukulala kwakho noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kufanele futhi ubonane nodokotela uma ukuqubuka kuthinta izitho zakho zangasese, umlomo, noma amajwabu amehlo, lapho isikhumba sakho sincane khona futhi singalimala kalula.

Ukuthola inkinga yokuxhumana nedermatitis, umhlinzeki wakho uzohlola ukuqubuka bese ekubuza imibuzo mayelana nendawo osebenza kuyo, izinto ozithandayo, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza nemikhiqizo oyisebenzisayo, ukutholakala kwakho ku-nickel nezinye izinsimbi, nezinye izinto ezingakhomba ukuthi yini kubangela ukusabela kwakho okweqile. Udokotela angasusa nesampula elincane lesikhumba ku-biopsy engaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukunquma izifo ezithile ezitholwa yiziguli ezingekho emzimbeni, odokotela bavame ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesichibi. Ukuhlolwa kwesichibi kufaka amabala wokunamathela anezinto ezincane, ezihlanjululwe zama-allergen ajwayelekile asetshenzisiwe kuwo. Udokotela ubeka iziqeshana emhlane wesiguli izinsuku ezimbili bese ehlola ngemuva kosuku lwesithathu nosuku lwesine ukuze abone ukuthi iziphi izifo, uma zikhona, ezibangele ukusabela esikhunjeni sesiguli. Uma imiphumela ingafinyeleleki, udokotela angabiza ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.

Isivivinyo sami se-patch sinqume ukuthi ngangizwani ne-nickel, isakhi esibizwa ngokuthi yiCl + Me-isothiazolinone, nenye inhlanganisela ebizwa nge-colophony. I-Cl + Me-isothiazolinone iyisithako esivamile ekuhlanzeni umzimba, ama-shampoo, upende, nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwegceke. IColophony, i-rosin ephuma ethangeni lezihlahla ze-coniferous, ivame ukutholakala okhunini nasotweni lwe-sawdust, opende, amabala, ama-lacquers, i-glues, izincibilikisi, neminye imikhiqizo eminingi edayiswa esitolo sehardware lapho bengisebenza khona.

Ukwelashwa

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwelapheni i-contact dermatitis ukugwema ukucasula noma i-allergen ebangele ukuqhuma. Ngokuthile okufana nobuthi be-ivy noma i-oak oak, lokhu kungaba lula ukukwenza, kepha ezimweni eziningi zokungezwani nokuxhumana ne-dermatitis, ukucacisa ama-allergen kungaba nzima. Kimi, ukwelashwa kwakusho ukuthi kwakudingeka ngithole ibhande lepulasitiki, ngiyeke umsebenzi wami esitolo sezinto zokwakha, bese ngiqala ukufunda uhlu lwezithako kunoma iyiphi insipho, into yokugcoba, i-shampoo, isepha, noma omunye umkhiqizo wasendlini ohlangana nesikhumba sami. Kubantu abangenwe yizinto ezifana nempova nothuli, kungaba nzima ukuhlala bengenalo i-allergen.

Ezimweni eziningi zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis, uma i-irritant noma i-allergen isitholakele futhi yagwenywa, ukuqubuka kuxazululeka ngaphakathi amasonto amabili kuya kwamane ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Ngenkathi ukuqhuma kuphulukisa, unganciphisa ukungakhululeki ngamakhambi asekhaya alandelayo, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukufaka i-anti-itch cream noma i-calamine lotion endaweni ethintekile
• Ukugwema ukuklwebheka — ukusebenzisa ukucindezela okupholile esikhunjeni kungasiza ngokulunywa
• Sika futhi uhlanze ngaphansi kwezinzipho
• Ukucwilisa kubhavu osifudumele nge-oatmeal noma nge-baking soda engezwe emanzini
• Ukufaka isicelo i-hydrocortisone ukhilimu, ongasiza ukunciphisa ukubomvu nokuvuvukala esikhunjeni
• Ukuthatha i-antihistamine yomlomo efana ne- Ukukhululeka kweBenadryl Itch (diphenhydramine), I-Zyrtec (cetirizine), noma UClaritin (loratadine) ukusiza ukulawula ukulunywa

Ezimweni ezibucayi zokuxhumana nodermatitis noma amacala angaxazululeki ngokwawo, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo bavame ukunquma ama-topical corticosteroids noma imishanguzo yokuzivikela. Izinketho zokwelashwa faka:

• I-Protopic (tacrolimus), i-topical calcineurin inhibitor eyenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba futhi inciphise ukusabela komzimba komzimba
• U-Elidel (pimecrolimus), i-topical calcineurin inhibitor ecindezela amasosha omzimba futhi inciphise ukungezwani komzimba
• I-Eucrisa (crisaborole), ukhilimu ongewona owe-steroidal owehlisa ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa nokubomvu
• Cellcept (mycophenolate mofetil), i-immunosuppressant yomlomo esiza ukunciphisa ukuphendula komzimba okudala i-dermatitis
• USandimmune (cyclosporine), i-calcineurin inhibitor elawulwa ngomlomo noma ngomjovo owenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba futhi usize ukwehlisa ukuphendula komzimba okubanga i-dermatitis
• I-Vistaril (hydroxyzine pamoate), i-antihistamine yomlomo evimba ama-histamine adala ukusabela okweqile futhi asize ukulawula ukulunywa

Ngokuqubuka okungaphenduli kokwelashwa okungenhla, odokotela bangahle futhi banikeze uhlelo lwe-light therapy, noma i-phototherapy, esebenzisa ubude bamaza ehlukene we-ultraviolet light ukusiza ukunciphisa ukulunywa nokuvuvukala.

Ukuvimbela

Indlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela i-contact dermatitis ukukhomba izinto ezicasulayo noma izinto ezibangela ukuthi isikhumba sakho siphume ngokuqubuka futhi sigweme lezo zinto. Lokhu akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukwenza, kuya ngokuthi uyaliwa yini. Ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukusiza ukuvimbela ama-flare-ups afaka:

• Geza isikhumba sakho ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlangana ne-irritant noma i-allergen
• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, kufaka phakathi imikhono emide namabhulukwe, okokuvikela amehlo, amagilavu, noma imaski yobuso, lapho kufanele ube sezintweni ezingadala ukungezwani komzimba
• Vala izinto zokubopha zensimbi ezingutsheni zakho ezingacasula isikhumba sakho
• Sebenzisa okhilimu noma amafutha okuthambisa njalo
• Hlola izithako kuma-shampoo akho, insipho, neminye imikhiqizo yasendlini, bese usebenzisa kuphela ezingenayo i-allergen yakho eyaziwayo

Isihluthulelo ukuqeda noma yiziphi izimbangela, kusho uClare Foss, MD, udokotela wesikhumba weGlenwood Medical Associates eColorado. Iphunga lingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu, ngakho-ke sebenzisa insipho engenawo amanye amakha. Sebenzisa insipho yokuwasha engenawo amakha noma udayi, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ugcina isikhumba sakho sithambile. Lokho kungasiza ukuvimbela isikhumba ukuba singomi futhi sicasuke. Futhi, ungahlanza kabili ilondolo ukuze ususe noma yimaphi amakha noma amakhemikhali.

Ngokugwema ukucasula kanye nama-allergen, ukubhekana nokuqubuka ngokushesha, nokuthatha ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela, abantu abaningi bangaphatha ngempumelelo i-dermatitis yokuxhumana futhi bayigcine ekuphakamiseni izimpilo zabo.