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Umhlahlandlela womzali wesifo sezandla, unyawo, nomlomo ezinganeni

Umhlahlandlela womzali wesifo sezandla, unyawo, nomlomo ezinganeniImfundo Yezempilo

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli nokuthimula, amakhala agobayo, namaqhubu alumayo angachazeki — izingane zibonakala ziyibuthe lamagciwane. Kumhlahlandlela womzali wethu ezifweni zobuntwana, sikhuluma ngezimpawu nokwelashwa kwezimo ezivame kakhulu. Funda uchungechunge oluphelele lapha .





Kuyini i-HFMD? | Izimpawu | Ukuxilongwa | Ukwelashwa | Ukuvimbela



Isifo sesandla, sezinyawo, nesomlomo kuzwakala njengokuthile ongakuthola egodini, kepha empeleni kuyisifo esivamile futhi ngokuvamile esingenabungozi ebuntwaneni. Iyathathelana futhi ivame ukusabalala kalula izikole nezikhungo zokunakekela izingane. Ngokujabulisayo, amacala amaningi amnene futhi izingane ziyalulama ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi noma ehlala njalo.

Siyini isandla, unyawo, nesifo somlomo (HFMD)?

I-HFMD isifo se-virus (imvamisa i-coxsackievirus a16 noma amanye ama-enteroviruses). E-United States, kwenzeka kaningi ku- ehlobo nasekwindla izinkathi zonyaka. Ngenkathi abantu abadala nezingane ezindala bengabamba ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane ezinezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwengu-5 ubudala. Awuhlobene nanoma yiziphi izifo zesilwane — yize ukufana okufana negama nesifo somlomo (esaziwa nangokuthi isifo sezinselo), esithinta izinkomo, izimvu nezingulube.

Okuphawuleka nge-HFMD yizindawo ezibomvu ezingaba yibhamuza emlonyeni, ezintendeni zezandla nasematheni ezinyawo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nakwezinye izindawo zomzimba.



I- inkathi yokufukanyelwa (isikhathi esivela ekuvezeni ukugula kuya ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu) ze-HFMD izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Abantu banjalo esithathelwanayo kakhulu phakathi nesonto lokuqala lokugula, kepha igciwane lingahlala emgudwini wokuphefumula lize lichitheke amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokululama komuntu, kanti i-HFMD ingasatshalaliswa ngendle kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokululama. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ube ne-HFMD futhi ungabi nezimpawu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. Izithwali ezingabonakali ze-HFMD zisengakusabalalisa ukugula.

Ngoba ukugula kuvame ukuba mnene, futhi isikhathi esithathelwanayo singaba side, izingane azidingi ukuhlala ekhaya zisuka isikole noma ukunakekelwa kwelanga, ngaphandle uma:

  • Banomkhuhlane.
  • Bazizwa bengaphathekile kahle ukuba bangabamba iqhaza.
  • Kunenqubomgomo ekhona esikoleni noma enkulisa edinga izingane ezine-HFMD ukuthi zihlale ekhaya.
  • Banamabhamuza avulekile. (Uketshezi olungaphakathi kwamabhamuza luyathathelana. Amabhamuza athatha cishe isonto lonke ukoma.)
  • Umhlinzeki wabo wezempilo uncoma ukuthi bahlale ekhaya.

Izandla, izinyawo, nezimpawu zomlomo

I-HFMD iqala ngezimpawu ezinjengokubanda ezinjengomkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, nekhala eligijimayo. Bese kuthi, amabhamuza avele ezandleni kanye / noma ezinyaweni futhi (imvamisa izilonda) emlonyeni.



Ngokusho kwe-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), izimpawu zesandla, unyawo, nesifo somlomo zifaka:

  • Amabala abomvu ayisicaba (acishe alingane nephepha lokusula ipensela noma amancane) aqubuka ezandleni, ezinyaweni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinqe, amadolo, izindololwane kanye / noma izitho zangasese. Ukuqhuma kuqukethe izindawo ezibomvu ezicwebezelayo ezingaba yibhamuza.
  • Izilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni eziqala njengamabala abomvu acabalele
  • Umphimbo obuhlungu
  • Imfiva
  • Ukuzizwa ungaphathekile kahle
  • Ukunciphisa ukudla
  • Ukumunca amathe

Izimpawu zengane yakho kungenzeka zingabi khona zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Izimo eziningi ze-HFMD zimnene futhi zilandela iphethini elingenhla lezimpawu-kepha uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwe-HFMD olubangelwa igciwane elisha le-coxsackie laqala ukwenzeka ngo-2012 futhi luyaqhubeka nokusakazeka.

Izimpawu ze-HFMD ezinzima ziyefana ne-HFMD, kepha zingafaka futhi:



  • Ukuqhuma okwenziwe ngamabhamuza amancane ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasebusweni.
  • Ukulahleka kwezinzipho kanye / noma izinzwani. Lokhu kwenzeka kumacala amane abucayi, amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha ekuguleni. Zizophinde zikhule (ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha zezinzipho nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye kuya kweziyi-12 zezinzipho zezinzwani) futhi zizobukeka zijwayelekile lapho zenzeka.

Kuvamile ukuthi isikhumba seminwe nezinzwane sihlube isonto noma amabili ku-HFMD. Lokhu akulimazi futhi kungasizwa ngokusebenzisa ukhilimu othambisa umzimba.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezivela ku-HFMD azivamile, kepha zingafaka:



  • I-viral meningitis (ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwentambo yomgogodla nobuchopho, okungaholela ekuhlaleni esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa)
  • Ukukhubazeka (kuyaqabukela)
  • I-Encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, kwenzeka ngokungavamile)

Isandla, unyawo, nomlomo kutholakala kanjani?

Isifo sesandla, sezinyawo, nesomlomo kuvamise ukuthi sitholakale emtholampilo, kusho Soma Mandal , MD, umfundi oqeqeshwe ebhodini eSummit Medical Group. Kukhona ukubukeka okujwayelekile nendawo yezilonda zomlomo kanye / noma izilonda ezandleni noma ezinyaweni. Lapho ukuxilongwa kungaqinisekile, i-swab yomphimbo, isampula yendle, noma uketshezi oluvela ekuqubukeni kungathunyelwa ukuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa akuvamile ukwenziwa ngoba kungabiza kakhulu futhi ngeke kushintshe ukuphathwa kwezimpawu njengoba lungekho unyango.

I-HFMD ivame ukuxilongwa ngudokotela wezingane noma womhlinzeki wezempilo womndeni / ojwayelekile. Izingane kufanele zibone umhlinzeki wazo wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngezinhloso zokuxilonga, kepha ezimweni eziningi umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngeke anikeze ukwelashwa.



Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma izimpawu zingathuthuki kungakapheli isonto, ingane inamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, noma ingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, kusho uLeann Poston, MD, obambe iqhaza kwezokwelapha Impilo ye-Ikon .

Thola usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma:



  • Ingane yakho iphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Izimpawu zokuphela kwamanzi azibandakanyi umchamo emahoreni ayisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu, umchamo omnyama, umlomo owomile kakhulu, azikho izinyembezi. Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kuyakhathazeka nge-HFMD ngoba umlomo womntwana obuhlungu ungadikibalisa amaphethini wokudla nokuphuza ajwayelekile.
  • Ingane ibukeka noma igula kakhulu.
  • Uzizwa ingane yakho idinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho uma:

  • Ingane yakho ingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
  • Ingane yakho ayigonywanga noma ayilibaziseki ekugomeni — qiniseka ukuthi ushayela ihhovisi kuqala ukuze uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukungcoliswa.
  • Ukuqhuma kusakazeka ezingalweni kanye / noma emilenzeni.
  • Ukuqubuka kuyashintsha ekubukekeni.
  • Umkhuhlane uhlala isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezintathu.
  • Akukho ukuthuthuka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10.
  • Ingane yakho inesifo esingelapheki noma igonyelwa amasosha omzimba.
  • Uzizwa sengathi ingane idinga ukubonwa, kodwa hhayi ngokuphuthumayo.
  • Izinzipho zeminwe noma izinzwani ziyawa.
  • Unemibuzo noma okukhathazayo.

Ukwelashwa kwesandla, unyawo, nomlomo

Awukho umuthi ozonciphisa ukugula noma usenze siphele, kusho uDkt Poston. Ama-antibiotic azosiza kuphela uma kukhona ukutheleleka kwesibili kwegciwane. Kodwa-ke, eminye imishanguzo yokuthenga unganikeza ukukhululeka kwezimpawu.

Imfiva nobuhlungu

Umkhuhlane nobuhlungu bungelashwa ngemishanguzo engaphezulu kwekhawunta efana nayo acetaminophen ( UTylenol ) noma ibuprofen ( I-Advil noma UMotrin ).

Umlomo ukhululeke kakhulu

Abanye odokotela bezingane batusa inhlanganisela ye- UBenadryl futhi Maalox ukusiza ngezilonda zomlomo, kusho uDkt Poston. Shayela udokotela wezingane zakho ukuze ubone ukuthi ngabe lokhu kuyindlela ephephile futhi esebenzayo yengane yakho.

I-antiacid ye-Liquid, efana ne-Maalox noma Mylanta , ingasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kuze kube kane ngosuku njengoba kudingeka, futhi ilawulwa ngokweminyaka. Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-1 kuya kwengu-6, faka amaconsi ambalwa emlonyeni noma ufake ngqo kwizilonda zomlomo nge-swab kakotini. Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6, nika isipuni esisodwa (5 ml) seMaalox noma iMylanta njengomgeza umlomo. Cela ingane ukuthi ihlale phezu kwezilonda isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka bese iyikhafula noma ikugwinye. Ungasebenzisi i-mouthwash ejwayelekile —Kungaba buhlungu impela.

Isifo sesandla, sezinyawo nesomlomo ngokuvamile siyaziphumela sodwa esikhathini esingangesonto, kusho uDkt. Mandal. Izilonda zomlomo zingenza kube nzima ukudla noma ukuphuza, ngakho-ke ukudla okubandayo njenge-popsicles noma u-ayisikhilimu kanye ne-pudding noma i-gelatin kulula ukukugwinya. Khetha i-hydration kunokudla okuqinile, noma zama ukudla okuthambile njengamazambane acubuziwe noma isobho. Gwema noma yiziphi izitsha ezinosawoti noma ezibabayo, ezingacasula izilonda zomlomo. Izingane ezondliwe ngamabhodlela zingathola ukuthi ingono yebhodlela iyacasula futhi yenza kangcono ngenkomishi, ngesipuni noma ngesirinji lapho izilonda ziphola.

Ungasivimbela kanjani isandla, unyawo, nomlomo

Ukuba ne-HFMD kanye akukwenzi ukuthi ungavikeleki kuyo — kungenzeka ukuyithola kaninginingi.

Ngoba i-HFMD isakazwa ngomzila wokuphefumula (amaconsi avela ekukhwehleleni, ekukhulumeni, ekuthimuleni, njll. Umhlaba ezintweni noma kwabanye abantu futhi udluliselwe emehlweni alowo muntu, ekhaleni, noma emlonyeni), nangomzila womlomo (ngomlomo womuntu onegciwane ingena ezintweni ezithintwa abanye abantu bese zithinta amehlo, impumulo, noma umlomo), inhlanzeko enhle iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukusabalala nokuphinde kutheleleke nge-HFMD.

  • Isembozo sokukhwehlela nokuthimula, futhi ufundise izingane ukuthi zikwenze kanjani lokho.
  • Ukugeza izandla ngensipho namanzi kaningi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20 — ikakhulukazi ngemva kokusebenzisa isicubu, ukugeza noma ukushintsha inabukeni.
  • Hlanza futhi uhlanze amathoyizi njalo, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlangane namathe.
  • Gwema ukwabelana ngokudla, iziphuzo, amabhulashi wamazinyo, amathawula, noma yini enye ehlangana nomlomo, ikakhulukazi leyo yomuntu one-HFMD noma osanda kuba nayo.
  • Ukuhlanza njalo nokubulala amagciwane ezindaweni ezivame ukuthintwa.

Uma umuntu osendlini ene-HFMD, mgcine ekuxhumaneni okusondele kakhulu nezinye izingane ngangokunokwenzeka — ungakhuthazi ukuqabula, ukugona, ukwaba izinto ezifana nezinkomishi noma izitsha, ukulala emakamelweni ahlukene — kuze kube yilapho umuntu onalesi sifo eseluleme ngokugcwele .

Uma ingane ifunda isikole , ukunakekelwa kwezinsuku, noma iyiphi indawo lapho bexhumana khona nezinye izingane futhi banenkontileka ye-HFMD, ngaso sonke isikhathi yazisa umphathi ukuze bakwazi ukwazisa abanye abazali ukuthi izingane zabo kungenzeka ziveziwe.

Isifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo asimnandi, futhi asihle — kodwa ngokuvamile simnene futhi siyazixazululela sodwa.