Izingozi zokusebenzisa ama-opioid njengezinsiza zokulala
Imfundo YezempiloIgama morphine lisuselwa kuMorpheus, unkulunkulu wamaphupho wamaGrikhi. Uma uke waba kwi-painkiller efana morphine , uyazi ukuthi umphumela ohlangothini ukozela. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa i-morphine — noma i-opioid — ukukusiza ulale kuyingozi enkulu. Futhi nokho abantu abaningi benza lokho kanye. Eqinisweni, i- ucwaningo lwamuva lwembula ukuthiodokotela baqaphele ukuthi iziguli zisebenzisa ama-opioid ukuzisiza zilele lapho ubuhlungu obukhulu bubagcina, noma ngenxa yokuqwasha okulula. Futhi iziguli eziningi aziqapheli ingozi kulowo mkhuba.
Ama-opioid nezinsiza zokulala yizinhlobo ezimbili ezehlukene ngokuphelele zemithi: Ama-opioid angama-narcotic anamandla kanti izinsiza zokulala ziyi-soporific and hypnotic, aka-inducing sleep. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zemithi zenzelwe izinhloso ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu — futhi akufanele usebenzise olunye esikhundleni senye.
Yini ebalwa njenge-opioid noma izinsiza zokulala?
Isigaba semithi ebizwa ngama-opioid sifaka amaphilisi ezinhlungu kadokotela afana ne i-oxycodone ( OxyContin ), i-hydrocodone ( Vicodin futhi I-Percocet ), futhi ikhodi , kanye nama-opioid enziwe afana ne-fentanyl ne-heroin engekho emthethweni yezidakamizwa.
Izinsiza zokulala ezinqunyelwe ngokuvamile zifaka phakathi zolpidem tartrate ( Ambien , I-Ambien CR ), i-flurazepam hydrochloride (IDalmane), phumzile ( UHalcion ), umabhebhana ( Lunesta ), futhi estazolamu (IProsom).
Kungani kungafanele usebenzise ama-opioid njengezinsiza zokulala?
Impela ama-opioid angakwenza ukozele, kepha akufanele asetshenziswe njengosizo lokulala, kusho uWilson Compton, MD, iphini lomqondisi we Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuhlukumeza Izidakamizwa eRockville, eMaryland. Abaphephile, ngamandla abo okulutha kanye nezinye izinkinga. Zenzelwe kuphela ubuhlungu obukhulu, futhi kwezinye izimo, ubuhlungu obungapheli.
Ngenkathi ama-opioid engakusiza ukulala, akusizi ukulala kangcono. Ama-opioid anciphisa izinga le-REM nokulala okuhamba kancane okudingekayo ukuze kuphumule, kuvuselele ukulala, kuchaza uYili Huang, DO, umqondisi weSikhungo Sokulawula Izinhlungu e Isibhedlela iNorthwell Phelps eSleepy Hollow, eNew York.
Ama-opioid kanye ne-apnea yokulala
Ukwengeza, phakathi kwama-7% kuya kuma-20% amaMelika angatholanga ukuphefumula kokulala, uDkt Huang uthi, futhi kulabo bantu, ama-opioid angaphazamisa amandla abo okuphefumula ngenkathi belele, okungabeka engcupheni izimpilo zabo. A isifundo esincane ithole ukuthi izinga eliphakeme le-opioid, liyanda inani leziqephu ze-apnea yokulala. Olunye ucwaningo kukhombisile ukuthi ukugcwaliswa komoya-mpilo kucwilile kakhulu ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-15 ngemuva kokuthatha i-opioid phakathi nobusuku. Okusho ukuthi, ama-opioid angacindezela ukuphefumula kwabantu abane-apnea yokulala, okwandisa ingozi yokufa.
UDkt. Compton uyanezela ukuthi uma usuvele uthatha ama-opioid wokuphathwa kobuhlungu futhi wandise umthamo wakho ebusuku ukukusiza ulale, ubeka engcupheni amathuba okudlula ngokweqile.
Kuthiwani uma ngisezinhlungwini futhi ngingakwazi ukulala?
Ubuhlungu obubuhlungu bungaba nemithombo eminingi, noma ngabe buvela ekuhlinzweni, ekwelashweni komdlavuza, esimweni sezempilo esinciphisa ubuhlungu, noma engozini engokomzimba. Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze uma usezinhlungwini ezimbi futhi ungakwazi ukulala ngenxa yakho?
Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izindlela eziphephile, uDkt Huang uncoma okokuqala. Phatha okubangela ubuhlungu ngokwelashwa okuqondiswe ngokwengeziwe emthonjeni wayo. Uma kungukuqwasha kwesikhashana kanye nobuhlungu bezinzwa, imishanguzo ethile yezinhlungu zemizwa ingabelapha ubuhlungu iphinde ibangele nokulala, futhi ingaba wusizo. UGabapentin [umuthi kadokotela uvame ukusetshenziswa ukudambisa ubuhlungu bezinzwa njengomphumela wokushikwa kubantu abadala]ungomunye wemithi enjalo. Kodwa ayikho inhlamvu yomlingo — yonke imithi inemiphumela engemihle.
Futhi ongafuni ukukwenza, uDkt.Huang uthi, ukuqhubeka nokuthatha ama-opioid akho ngenkathi uthatha izinsiza zokulala noma izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Ambien, i-Xanax, noma I-Valium . Le combo yandisa ithuba lokudangala kokuphefumula (i-hypoventilation). Ukuhlanganisa ama-opioid ne noma yini okunye okuthambisa umzimba — okuhlanganisa notshwala — kudala ingozi yokweqisa ngokweqile, ngisho nokufa, kusho uDkt. Compton.
Uma unenkinga yokulala, ungabuyela nasezixazululweni ezingabandakanyi imishanguzo kadokotela, kusho uDkt Laura Fanucchi, onguprofesa wezokwelapha e-University of Kentucky kanye nochwepheshe we-opioid drug. Lezi ezinye izindlela zifaka phakathi izinguquko zokuziphatha ezinjengalezi:
- Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo
- Ukwenza ngcono inhlanzeko yokulala ngokungadli sekwephuzile
- Ukugwema izikhuthazi ezifana ne-caffeine ne-nicotine
- Ukukhawulela izikrini zikagesi (njengamaselula, amathebulethi, ama-TV nama-PC monitors) ngaphambi kokulala
Kungani uma sengivele ngincike kuma-opioid ukulala?
Uma usuvele uhlakulele umkhuba wokuphuza ama-opioid ngenxa yezizathu ezingezona ezibekiwe, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho khona manjalo, kuncoma uDkt. Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwama-opioid kungadala ukuncika komzimba bese kuhoxa uma ama-opioid amiswa ngokuzumayo, usho kanjalo.
UDkt Huang uyavuma, Sebenza nodokotela wakho bese uqhamuka nohlobo lwemithi oluhle lokuqinisa umzimba wakho. Uma usebenzisa lokhu ukulala nje, ungahle usebenzise kabi le mithi futhi kufanele ucabange ukubona udokotela oluthayo. Kufanele ubone uchwepheshe wezokuphathwa kobuhlungu ukuze alaphe umthombo wobuhlungu, ngoba la maphilisi kungenzeka ukuthi amboza inkinga engaphansi.
