Yini iHumira futhi isetshenziselwani?
Imininingwane YezidakamizwaKuyini uHumira? | Isebenzisa | Isebenza kanjani | Imithamo | Imininingwane yezokuphepha | Ukonga
Iningi lethu lingasho ukuthi impilo yethu isivele inengcindezi ngokwanele. Phakathi komsebenzi wokujikisa, impilo yomndeni, kanye nemithetho emisha emayelana nobhadane, akudingeki sikhathazeke ngokuthi kuzokwengezwa ukungaqiniseki noma iziphazamiso kokuvamile.
Kubantu abaningi abanezifo ezibulala ukuvuvukala njenge-arthritis, i-plaque psoriasis, isifo sikaCrohn, nesifo sezilonda emathunjini, ukubhekana nokuqubuka okumangazayo kungazwakala njengokuphazamiseka okungamukeleki.
I-Humira inganikeza induduzo nokuqiniseka okudingekayo kubantu abanezifo ezinokuqhaqhazela ngalezi zikhathi ezingaqinisekile. Ngenkathi iHumira kungelona ikhambi lezifo ezisebenza ngokuzibulala, ingasetshenziselwa ukuphatha ngokuphepha lezi zimo futhi yehlise ubunzima be-flare-ups lapho zenzeka. Lapha, sizoxoxa ngokuthi uHumira usebenzela kanjani izifo ezahlukahlukene ezibulala umzimba, nokuthi uzisebenzisa kanjani ngokuphepha, nokuthi imiphi imithamo. Sizophinde sikhulume ngokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa okubalulekile nemiphumela engemihle okufanele siyazi.
Yini iHumira, futhi isetshenziselwani?
I-Humira igama lomkhiqizo lesidakamizwa i-adalimumab. Kusesigabeni esikhudlwana semithi esibizwa nge-disease modifying anti-rheumatic agents (DMARDs) futhi sisesigabeni esincane sama-DMARD abizwa nge-biologics. I-Biologics yizidakamizwa ezenziwe ngezakhi zamangqamuzana aphilayo (noma ama-biologic). I-Humira ngumuthi kadokotela owenziwe yi-AbbVie. Ayitholakali ngaphezu kwekhawunta.
UHumira usebenza ngokuvimba ngqo i-TNF-alpha futhi uvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa yi I-FDA ngo-2002. Izicubu ze-Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ziyizidakamizwa ezihlasela umzimba (ezibizwa nangokuthi ama-immunosuppressants). Ngokuvimba umsebenzi we-TNF-into esemzimbeni ebangela ukuvuvukala-uHumira angasetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezivuthayo ezizimele ezifana nesifo samathambo, i-plaque psoriasis, i-ankylosing spondylitis, isifo sikaCrohn nesifo sezilonda emathunjini. I-Humira, njengama-DMARD amaningi, imvamisa ithatha phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuqala ukusebenza. Akuyona i- I-NSAID (i-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) noma i-corticosteroid (i-steroid).
Njengoba i-biologics iqukethe izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, akulula ukukhiqiza kabusha noma ukwenza ikhophi ejwayelekile, ejwayelekile. Njengoba kungekho okukhethwa kukho okujwayelekile okutholakalayo, i-FDA iyasibona isidingo semithi efanayo futhi ikhuthaze izimbangi ukuthi zenze ezinye izindlela. Umuthi ofana ne-biologic esivele ivunyiwe yi-FDA ubizwa ngokuthi umuthi we-biosimilar. Kukhona ama-biosimilars ayisikhombisa eHumira avunyelwe yi-FDA: Hulio, Hadlima, Abrilada, Tremfya, Amjevita, Cyltezo, neHyrimoz. Yize lezi biosimilars zivunyelwe yi-FDA, ngeke zitholakale e-United States kuze kube ngu-2023, njengoba uHumira evikelwe ilungelo lobunikazi kuze kube yileso sikhathi.
UHumira usebenzisa
I-Humira isetshenziselwa ukuphathwa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuvukala komzimba. Ngokuvimba umsebenzi we-TNF-alpha, uHumira unciphisa ukuvuvukala nezimpawu ezibuhlungu ezihambisana nezimo ezilandelayo.
I-Humira yesifo samathambo esivuthayo noma samathambo: Amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile angadala ukuvuvukala emajoyintini, kwakheke izimpawu ezinjengezinhlungu, ukuvuvukala nokuqina kwejoyini. I-TNF-alpha ingenye yamaprotheni abandakanyeka ekudaleni ukuvuvukala okuhlangene okungakhululekile. I-Humira ihlose futhi ivimbele umsebenzi we-TNF-alpha emajoyini, anciphisa izimpawu futhi anciphise ukuqhubekela phambili kokulimala okuhlangene. Esinye isidakamizwa esivame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga yi- imethotrexate . Ezifundweni zokwelashwa, abantu abathatha i-Humira kanye ne-methotrexate bakhombise ukuthuthuka okukhulu kwezimpawu zesifo samathambo esisebenzayo ngokuthatha i-methotrexate yodwa.
OKUSHIWO: Ukwelashwa kwe-arthritis nemithi yokwelashwa
Humira nge-plaque psoriasis: Ngenkathi imbangela ngqo ingaziwa, ukuba ne-TNF-alpha eningi kakhulu kungaguqula ukukhula kwamaseli esikhumba, okuholele ekubambeni kwama-patches abomvu. Ngokunciphisa inani le-TNF-alpha elijikeleza emzimbeni, uHumira angancipha futhi kwesinye isikhathi aqede nezilonda ezibhalwe esikhunjeni.
OKUSHIWO: Konke odinga ukukwazi nge-biologics ye-psoriasis
I-Humira ye-psoriatic arthritis: I-Psoriatic arthritis uhlobo lwe-arthritis oluthinta abanye abantu asebevele benayo i-psoriasis. Ukweqiwa kwe-TNF-alpha kwabanye abantu kungadala ubuhlungu obuhlangene, ukuvuvukala nokuqina, kanye namabala abomvu, anezikhumba esikhunjeni esibizwa ngokuthi ama-plaque. I-Humira ingasiza ekulawuleni lawa ma-flare-ups ngokuvimba umsebenzi we-TNF-alpha eyeqile.
I-Humira ye-ankylosing spondylitis: I-Ankylosing spondylitis yisifo samathambo esivuthayo somgogodla. Ukuvuvukala okwedlulele kwe-TNF-alpha kunomthelela ebuhlungwini beqolo nokuqina kwabantu abane-ankylosing spondylitis. I-Humira inganciphisa izimpawu zeziguli ezindala ezine-ankylosing spondylitis esebenzayo.
Humira wesifo sikaCrohn: Isifo sikaCrohn izimpawu ezifana nohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, nokucinana kungavela ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Lapho umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-TNF-alpha eningi kakhulu, kungadala ukuvuvukala okweqile okuzodala lezi kanye nezinye izimpawu zesifo sikaCrohn. UHumira angasiza ngokuqeda ukuvuvukala okweqile.
I-Humira ye-ulcerative colitis: I-ulcerative colitis (UC) uhlobo lwesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD). Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, ibangela ukuvuvukala emathunjini amakhulu (ikholoni), ne-rectum. Imbangela ngqo yokuvuvukala ayaziwa. Noma kunjalo, usizo luyatholakala. I-Humira ikhonjisiwe ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda izimpawu ze-ulcerative colitis njengokuhuda njalo nokuphuthumayo, ukwehla kwesisindo, isicanucanu nokukhathala.
Humira nge-hidradenitis suppurativa: I-Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) yisimo sesikhumba esingapheli lapho kuvela khona izigaxa ezibuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lezi zigaxa ezibuhlungu zenzeka ngaphansi kwesikhumba esiphethe izindlala emakhwapheni, emgodini, ezinqeni, noma emabeleni. Ukuba ne-TNF-alpha eningi kakhulu kukholakala ukuthi kunomthelela ebucayi be-HS. UHumira angasiza ngokuvimba iphrotheni le-TNF-alpha, elinganciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
I-Humira ye-uveitis: I-Uveitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezintekenteke esweni okuthiwa i-uvea. I-uveitis ethathelwanayo ebangelwa ukutheleleka okuvela kwigciwane noma amabhaktheriya. I-uveitis engathathelani ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwe-uvea engabangelwa yigciwane noma amabhaktheriya. I-TNF-alpha eningi kakhulu kanye namanye amaprotheni inikela ekuvukeleni, ebuhlungwini nasekuzweleni ekukhanyeni okubonwa ku-uveitis engathathelani. I-Humira inganciphisa ukuvuvukala esweni, inciphise izimpawu ezingakhululekile.
Humira we-juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 ezinezimpawu zobuhlungu obungapheli, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqina emajoyintini, zingaba nazo i-juvenile idiopathic arthritis (i-JIA) . Uma lokhu kwenzeka emajoyini angaphezu kwelilodwa, kubizwa nge-polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. I-TNF-alpha ingomunye wabanikeli ekuvukeleni okuhlangene okudala ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ukuvuvukala nokuqina. I-Humira ivimba umsebenzi we-TNF-alpha. Omunye umuthi ovame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha i-JIA ngu imethotrexate . Ezifundweni zomtholampilo, izingane eziphathwe ngeHumira ne-methotrexate zikhonjisiwe ukuthi zinokuthuthuka okukhulu kwezimpawu kune-methotrexate kuphela.
Usebenza kanjani uHumira?
I-Humira iyi-anti-monoclonal antibody ebophela ngqo i-TNF-alpha. I-TNF-alpha uhlobo oluncane lwamaprotheni abizwa nge-cytokine. Ama-cytokines asetshenziswa amasosha omzimba ukudala ukuvuvukala. Imvamisa, ukukhishwa kwama-cytokines afana ne-TNF-alpha yindlela amaseli omzimba axhumana ngayo. Lapho amaseli omzimba ethola ukutheleleka, akhipha i-TNF-alpha ukwazisa amanye amaseli emzimbeni ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka. Le ndlela yokuxhumana ibangela ukuvuvukala okudingekayo emzimbeni ukubulala ukutheleleka. Kwezinye izifo ezithinta ukuvuvukala, i-TNF-alpha ikhishwa ngaphandle kokutheleleka, okudala ukuvuvukala ezicutshini ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni.
Izidakamizwa ezinjengeHumira ezibopha ngqo i-TNF-alpha zibizwa ngokuthi ama-TNF-blocking agents. Ngokubophezela ku-TNF-alpha, izifundo zokwelashwa zikhombisile ukuthi uHumira unciphisa-noma avimba-umsebenzi wokuvuvukala we-TNF-alpha. Isidakamizwa siphinde sidale amaseli emzimbeni aveza kakhulu i-TNF-alpha ukuthi ife.
Ama-ejenti wokuvimbela i-TNF angama-immunosuppressants. Ngokuvimba i-TNF emzimbeni, uHumira ucindezela-noma anciphise umsebenzi we-umsebenzi owedlulele noma ongafuneki wokuvuvukala kumasosha omzimba. Njengoba iHumira inganciphisa ukuvuvukala emasosheni omzimba, uHumira angasetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlasela ukuvuvukala komzimba njenge-arthritis, i-plaque psoriasis, i-ankylosing spondylitis, isifo sikaCrohn, kanye ne-ulcerative colitis. Lokhu kusho nokuthi uHumira angacindezela amasosha omzimba ngokujwayelekile, enze abanye abantu babe sengozini yokutheleleka.
Ungamthatha kanjani uHumira
I-Humira inikezwa njengomjovo ongaphansi (ngaphansi kwesikhumba). Izidakamizwa zokujova ezifana neHumira kumele zinqunywe uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo onelayisense. I-Humira dosing isuselwa kusiphi isimo esisetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuthi kulandelwe uhlelo olufanele lokulandelwa kwesimo uHumira asetshenziselwa ukuselapha.
Ukuthi uHumira uqala ukusebenza ngokushesha kangakanani kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ubunzima besimo sezokwelapha eselashwa nokuthi yisiphi isimo uHumira asetshenziselwa ukuselapha. Abanye abantu baqala ukuzwa ukukhululeka kwezimpawu noHumira ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, kepha kwabanye, kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu.
I-Humira ibhekwa njengemithi yesondlo (yesikhathi eside). Iyaqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ukukhululeka kwezimpawu uma nje uyithatha. Asikho isikhathi esibekiwe sokuqeda lapho uyeka ukusithatha. Ngeke uthole ukuhoxa uma uyeka ukuthatha uHumira, kepha izimpawu zakho zingavela futhi. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlole impendulo yakho yokuvuvukala kanye nempendulo yakho kuHumira. Wena nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo unganquma ukuthi kunini, noma uma, ukuyeka uHumira kufanelekile. Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha uHumira uwedwa ngaphandle kokufuna izeluleko kudokotela.
I-Humira idosiwe ngezindlela ezimbili. Lapho uqala iHumira, kunikezwa isilinganiso sokuqala. Umthamo wokuqala kufanele ujovwe noma ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Kubalulekile ukuthi kusetshenziswe inqubo efanele yokujova. Inqubo efanele yokujova ingakhonjiswa ngumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Izindawo ezinhle zokujova kuzoba yisisu (hlala cishe ngamasentimitha kude nenkinobho yesisu) nezinhlangothi zamathanga, kusho UVictoria Ruffing , RN, umphathi wabahlengikazi eJohns Hopkins.
Ngemuva komthamo wokuqala, kunikezwa uchungechunge lwamanani wokugcinwa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umthamo wokuqala weHumira kanye nemithamo yesondlo awafani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Imithamo yesondlo ingazilimaza ngokunethezeka kwekhaya lakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakhombisa ukuthi ungenza kanjani imijovo ekhaya. Kukhona futhi nezinto zokufundisa umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakunika zona ukuze ubheke kuzo uma usekhaya. I-Humira akufanele ijojowe ngezinsuku ezingacacisiwe ngemithamo yokuqala noma yesondlo.
| Humira yabantu abadala | ||
|---|---|---|
| Inkomba | Isilinganiso sokuqala | Ukugcinwa komthamo |
| Isifo samathambo | 40 mg ngosuku 1 | 40 mg njalo ngesonto |
| I-plaque psoriasis | 80 mg ngosuku 1 | 40 mg ngosuku 8, no-40 mg njalo ngesonto |
| I-psoriatic arthritis | 40 mg | 40 mg njalo ngesonto |
| I-Ankylosing spondylitis | 40 mg ngosuku 1 | 40 mg njalo ngesonto |
| Isifo sikaCrohn | I-160 mg ngoSuku 1 (inikezwe ngosuku olulodwa noma ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili ezilandelanayo) | I-80 mg ngoSuku 15, kanye no-40 mg njalo ngelinye isonto kusukela ngoSuku 29 |
| I-ulcerative colitis | I-160 mg ngoSuku 1 (inikezwe ngosuku olulodwa noma ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili ezilandelanayo) | I-80 mg ngoSuku 15, kanye no-40 mg njalo ngelinye isonto kusukela ngoSuku 29 |
| I-Hidradenitis suppurativa | I-160 mg ngoSuku 1 (inikezwe ngosuku olulodwa noma ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili ezilandelanayo) | I-80 mg ngoSuku lwe-15, kanye ne-40 mg masonto onke kusukela ngosuku lwe-29 NOMA i-80 mg njalo ngesonto kusukela ngosuku lwe-29 |
| Uveitis | 80 mg ngosuku 1 | 40 mg ngosuku 8, no-40 mg njalo ngesonto |
| Humira ukwelashwa kwezingane | ||
|---|---|---|
| Inkomba | Isilinganiso sokuqala | Ukugcinwa komthamo |
| I-juvenile idiopathic arthritis: izingane ezineminyaka engu-2 noma ngaphezulu |
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| Isifo sikaCrohn: izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 noma ngaphezulu |
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| I-Ulcerative colitis: izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 noma ngaphezulu |
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| I-Hidradenitis suppurativa: izingane ezineminyaka engu-12 noma ngaphezulu |
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| I-Uveitis: izingane ezineminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu |
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Azikho izimo ezikhethekile zokuthi i-Humira ilawulwa nini. Akudingi ukujova ngesikhathi esithile sosuku noma umsebenzi (njengokudla). Iningi labantu lithanda ukujova uHumira ngesikhathi esingaguquguquki kubo futhi esilingana nesimiso sabo sansuku zonke, njengaphambi kokulala noma ngemuva kokudla kwasekuseni. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhalenda noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zefoni futhi kungasiza ngokusetha izikhumbuzi zokuthi imijovo yesondlo kufanele inikezwe nini.
Uma uphuthelwa umthamo weHumira, jovelela umthamo olandelayo ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo, weqa umthamo ongabanjwanga bese uthatha umthamo olandelayo wokulungisa ngokwesheduli yokulinganisa.
I-Humira ine-half-life (isikhathi okuthatha ngaso umuthi ukulahla uhhafu wemisebenzi yayo yezinto eziphilayo) yezinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-20. Izidakamizwa eziningi zisuswa ngokuphelele emzimbeni ezimpilweni ezine kuya kweziyisihlanu, ngakho-ke imikhondo kaHumira ingatholakala emzimbeni kuze kube amasonto ayi-14 ngemuva kokuyeka ukusetshenziswa.
Akuvamile kakhulu ukweqisa ngokweqile kuHumira. Kodwa-ke, uma ngephutha usebenzisa iHumira eningi kakhulu, shayela umugqa weSikhungo Sokulawula Ubuthi ngokushesha ku-1-800-222-1222 noma ufune usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo.
Isitoreji seHumira
UHumira ungena ku isipetu esenziwe ngaphambili noma a okufakwe kuqala iHumira Pen futhi kufanele igcinwe esiqandisini esitsheni sayo sokuqala futhi ivikelwe ekukhanyeni ize isetshenziswe. I-Humira akufanele iqandiswe, ifudunyezwe, noma isetshenziswe ngemuva kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Ungasebenzisi i-Humira uma iqandisiwe futhi yancibilika noma yashiswa nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Ipeni leHumira noma isirinji ekhethiwe ingakhishwa efrijini imizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokujova ukuvumela uketshezi ukuthi lufinyelele ekamelweni lokushisa. Kanye ekamelweni lokushisa, uHumira kusamele avikelwe ekukhanyeni futhi asetshenziswe ezinsukwini eziyi-14. Lahla futhi ungasebenzisi i-Humira uma ngabe ibisethempelini isikhathi eside kunezinsuku eziyi-14.
Akufanele uzame ukufudumeza uHumira nganoma iyiphi indlela (ungayigijimisi ngaphansi kwamanzi ashisayo noma uyibeke ku-microwave). I-Humira akufanele isetshenziswe uma uketshezi lumbala noma kunamafu noma kunezinhlayiya kulo. Ukuqapha kufanele kuthathwe lapho usingatha i-Humira Pen noma isirinji ekhethiwe. Akufanele zichotshozwe noma zehliswe.
Imininingwane yokuphepha yeHumira
Imikhawulo
- I-Humira iphephile kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezindala kune-2, kuya ngesimo esisetshenziselwa ukwelapha.
- I-Humira ingasetshenziswa ngabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo ngemuva kokubheka izingozi nezinzuzo ezingaba khona.
- I-Humira akufanele ithathwe yinoma ngubani onesifo esisebenzayo, noma noma ngubani othola izifo eziningi. Kufanele uhlolelwe isifo sofuba ngaphambi kokuqala iHumira.
- I-Humira akufanele ithathwe yinoma ngubani onenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nanoma yiziphi izithako noma izakhi.
- Abantu abathatha ezinye izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba (bona ukuxhumana) kufanele baxoxe ngobungozi nezinzuzo nomhlinzeki wabo wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala i-Humira, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angafuna ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwegazi okuyisisekelo namazinga okuvuvukala.
- Abantu abathatha uHumira akufanele bathole imigomo ebukhoma. Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma ihlanganisa i-Flumist kanye nomuthi wokugomela ubuthi wenkukhu. Uma ngabe uthole noma yikuphi kwalokhu kugoma, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuqala i-Humira.
Izexwayiso
- Ngemuva kokuqala iHumira, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele aziswe ngokushesha uma uthola ukutheleleka noma ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka. Abantu abathatha i-Humira banengozi eyengeziwe yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokutheleleka okubandakanya ukutheleleka okungahle kube kubi noma kubulale.
- Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukwanda kwezimpawu ngemuva kokuqala iHumira, qiniseka ukuthi wazise umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
- Eminye imibiko baphakamise ukuthi ukusebenzisa iHumira kungakhuphula izingqinamba zesistimu yezinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukuqala okusha kwe-multiple sclerosis.
- Ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abathatha uHumira noma abanye abavimba i-TNF, amathuba okuthola umdlavuza angakhuphuka. Kube khona amacala angajwayelekile omdlavuza kufaka phakathi umdlavuza wesikhumba kanye ne-lymphoma ezinganeni, intsha, kanye nabantu abadala abathatha i-TNF-blockers.
Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile kaHumira ifaka:
- Ukuphendula kwesayithi lokujova (ubuhlungu, ububomvu, ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ukulinyazwa)
- Ukutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumula, ukutheleleka nge-sinus, kanye nokutheleleka komchamo
- Ukuphathwa ikhanda
- AmaRash
- Isicanucanu
- Ubuhlungu obuhlangene, besisu, noma beqolo
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- Igazi emchameni
- Ukuphakama kwe-enzyme yesibindi noma yemisipha
- I-cholesterol ephezulu
I-Humira nayo ingadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi:
- Izifo ezibucayi njenge-sepsis yebhaktheriya
- Ukutheleleka kwe-Hepatitis B kubathwali begciwane
- Ukuvuselelwa kwesifo sofuba
- Ukungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis, ukuphefumula kanzima, isifuba, ukuvuvukala ebusweni, izindebe, noma umlomo)
- Izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa (izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukushoshozela noma ukuba ndikindiki, izinkinga ngombono, ubuthakathaka ezingalweni noma emilenzeni, nesiyezi)
- Izinkinga zegazi (ukwehla kwamaseli egazi alwa nokutheleleka)
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo (izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala emaqakaleni nasezinyaweni, noma ukuzuza kwesisindo ngokungazelelwe)
- Ukuphendula komzimba kuhlanganisa ne-lupus-like syndrome (izimpawu zifaka ukungakhululeki esifubeni, ukuphefumula okuncane, ubuhlungu bamalunga, noma ukuqubuka ezingalweni nasezihlathini okubi kakhulu elangeni)
- Izinkinga zesibindi (izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, isikhumba noma amehlo abukeka ephuzi, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla noma ukuhlanza, noma ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesokunene sesisu), okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi noma ekufeni
- I-Psoriasis (amabala abomvu ama-scaly noma amaqhuqhuva aphakanyisiwe esikhunjeni angagcwala ubomvu)
- Izinkinga zamaphaphu (isifo samaphaphu esiphakathi noma i-sarcoidosis)
- Ukuvuvukala kwesitsha segazi
- Umdlavuza (kufaka phakathi umdlavuza wesikhumba, i-lymphoma, ne-leukemia)
- Izifo ezizimele
Ukusebenzisana
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