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Izibalo zokucindezeleka 2021

Izibalo zokucindezeleka 2021Izindaba

Kuyini ukucindezeleka? | Kuvame kangakanani ukucindezeleka? | Ukudangala eMelika | Izibalo zokucindezeleka ngokweminyaka | Izibalo zokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha | Izibalo zokucindezeleka kwamaholide | Ukuzibulala nokudangala | Ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka | Ucwaningo





Isifo sokudangala esikhulu (MDD), esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ukucindezeleka komtholampilo, singesinye sezifo zengqondo ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Izici eziningi ezahlukahlukene zingaba nomthelela esimweni sokucindezeleka komuntu futhi ukucindezeleka kuvame ukuxilongwa okugqagqene kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye / noma ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.



Kuyini ukucindezeleka?

Izimpawu ezivelele kakhulu ze ukucindezeleka okukhulu yimizwa ephansi enzima futhi eqhubekayo, ukudabuka okujulile, noma umuzwa wokuphelelwa yithemba. Isiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka (i-MDE) yisikhathi sesikhathi esivezwa yizimpawu zokucindezeleka okukhulu.IDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ichaza isiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka njengokuhlangabezana nemizwa yokudangala noma ukuphelelwa yintshisekelo noma ubumnandi emisebenzini yansuku zonke, kuhambisana nezinkinga zokulala, ukudla, amandla, ukugxila, noma ukuzithemba amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu.

Ukulahlekelwa okungazelelwe noma izinguquko kungakhuphula izimpawu esezikhona zokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka, kusho U-Yesel Yoon , Ph.D., isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esizinze eNew York.Iziqephu ezicindezelayo zingabangelwa ukushona kothandekayo, ukuhlukana, ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi, ukucindezeleka ngokwezezimali, isimo sezokwelapha, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa phakathi kwezinye izinto ezibanga izinto.

Ukudangala kuthinta abantu ngokushintsha izinga labo lokusebenza ezindaweni eziningi zempilo yabo, kusho uYoon. Okungukuthi, ukulala kwabantu, ukudla, ukugxila, imizwa, izinga lamandla, impilo yomzimba, kanye nokuphila komphakathi kungashintsha kakhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zokucindezeleka. Imvamisa abantu abanenkinga yokudangala bazokuchaza ukuthi kunzima ukuphuma embhedeni, ukungabi nogqozi noma amandla okwenza izinto abazenza ngokwabo, futhi bezizwa bethukuthele noma bedabuke kakhulu. Zonke lezi zinto ezihlukile zenza impilo yokuphila ibe nzima kakhulu.



Kuvame kangakanani ukucindezeleka?

  • Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-264 bahlushwa ukucindezeleka emhlabeni jikelele. (Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba, 2020)
  • Ukudangala kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokukhubazeka emhlabeni. (Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba, 2020)
  • Izinkinga ze-Neuropsychiatric ziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokukhubazeka e-U.S. Ngesifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu okuvame kakhulu. (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezempilo Yengqondo, 2013)

Izibalo zokucindezeleka eMelika

  • Abantu abadala abayizigidi eziyi-17.3 (7.1% wabantu abadala) okungenani babe noyedwaisiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka. (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezempilo Yengqondo, 2017)
  • Kulabo abaneziqephu ezinkulu zokudangala, ama-63.8% abantu abadala kanye nama-70.77% wabantu abasha babenokukhubazeka okukhulu. (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezempilo Yengqondo, 2017)
  • Abesifazane bacishe babe namathuba aphindwe kabili kunamadoda okuba nengcindezi. (Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Kwezifo, 2017)
  • Iziqephu ezinkulu zokucindezeleka zazivame kakhulu kubantu abadala (11.3%) nentsha (16.9%) ebika izinhlanga ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezempilo Yengqondo, 2017)

Izibalo zokucindezeleka ngokweminyaka

  • Intsha eneminyaka eyi-12 kuya kwengu-17 ubudala ibinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu leziqephu ezinkulu zokucindezeleka (14.4%) ezilandelwa abantu abadala abasebasha abaneminyaka engu-18 kuye kwengama-25 (13.8%). (Inhlangano Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwezidakamizwa Nenhlangano Yezempilo Yengqondo, 2018)
  • Abantu abadala asebekhulile abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu babenezinga eliphansi kakhulu leziqephu ezinkulu zokudangala (4.5%). (Inhlangano Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwezidakamizwa Nenhlangano Yezempilo Yengqondo, 2018)
  • Abantu abadala abayizigidi eziyi-11.5 babe nesiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka esinokukhubazeka okukhulu ngonyaka owedlule kusukela ngo-2018. (I-Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Association, 2018)
  • Ukudangala okukhulu phakathi kwabafundi basekolishi kukhuphuke kusuka ku-9.4% kuya ku-21.1% kusuka ku-2013 kuya ku-2018. ( Ijenali Yezempilo Yentsha , 2019)
  • Izinga lokudangala okulingene kuya kwelikhulu lenyuke lisuka ku-23.2% laya ku-41.1% kusukela ngo-2007 kuya ku-2018. ( Ijenali Yezempilo Yentsha , 2019)

Izibalo zokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha

Ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha ukucindezeleka okuhlupheka umama osanda kubeletha, okuvame ukwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya onyakeni ngemuva kokubeletha. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yezinguquko zehomoni, ushintsho endleleni yokuphila, nokukhathala komzali.

  • Cishe abesifazane abangama-70% kuya kuma-80% bazobhekana nengqondo ebangwa yimizwa emibi noma ukushintsha kwemizwelo ngemuva kokubeletha. (I-American Pregnancy Association, 2015)
  • U-10% kuya ku-20% wabomama abasha babhekana nokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha. (I-Arizona Behavioral Health Associates, PC, i-Flagstaff Psychologists & Abeluleki)
  • 1 kwabangu-7 besifazaneangathola i-PPD kungakapheli unyaka wokubeletha. ( I-JAMA Psychiatry , 2013)
  • Ukudakumba kukababa kusuka ku-24% kuya ku-50% emadodeni abebenabalingani nokucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha. ( Ijenali Yezobuhlengikazi Othuthukile, 2004)
  • Abesifazane abanomlando wokudangala, ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka, noma ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwemizwelo30% kuya ku-35% ngaphezulu amathubaukuthuthukisa ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha. (UJohns Hopkins Medicine, 2013)

OKUSHIWO: Ungayiphuza yini imishanguzo yokukhubazeka lapho ukhulelwe?

Izibalo zokucindezeleka kwamaholide

Yize isikhathi samaholide ezinyangeni zikaNovemba nangoDisemba kucatshangwa ukuthi sijabulisa, lokhu akulona iqiniso kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye baba nezimpawu ezicindezelayo kulezi zinyanga.



  • Izingcindezi kubikwa ukuthi ziyanda ngesikhathi samaholide kubantu abangama-38%. (I-American Psychological Association, 2006)
  • Kubantu abanesifo sengqondo, ama-64% abika amaholide enza izimpawu zabo zibe zimbi kakhulu. (National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2014)
  • Kulabo ababike ukuthi bazizwa bedabukile noma benganelisekile ngesikhathi samaholide, ngaphezu kwengxenye yesibili kwabathathu bazizwa becindezelekile ngokwezezimali futhi / noma benesizungu. (National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2014)

OKUSHIWO: Amathiphu okubhekana nokudangala kwamaholide

Ukuzibulala nokudangala

  • Ababili kwabathathu balabo abazibulala balwa nokudana. (I-American Association of Suicidology, 2009)
  • Kulabo abatholakala benengcindezi, u-1% wabesifazane no-7% wamadoda bayazibulala. (I-American Association of Suicidology, 2009)
  • Ingozi yokuzibulala icishe iphindwe ka-20 kulabo abatholakala benokudangala okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abangenakho ukucindezeleka okukhulu. (I-American Association of Suicidology, 2009)
  • Ukuzibulala kungenye yezimbangela eziholela ekufeni kwabaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-19. (Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Kwezifo, 2017)
  • Imibiko yokuzama ukuzibulala kwabafundi basekolishi inyuke isuka ku-0.7% yaya ku-1.8% isuka ku-2013 yaya ku-2018. ( Ijenali Yezempilo Yentsha , 2019)

INational Network of Depression Disorders inezinsizakusebenza eziningi ezitholakalayo zalabo ababhekene nokudangala noma imicabango yokuzibulala. Nazi ezinye izindawo zokuthola ukwelashwa nezinombolo zosizo:

Ukwelapha ukucindezeleka

I-Psychotherapy, imithi kadokotela, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukudangala.



Kukhona nezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma ezihambisanayo, ezitholakale zinenzuzo ukunciphisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka, kusho uYoon. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa okulula, amavithamini noma izithasiselo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuzindla okususelwa emqondweni, nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivezayo.

  • Kulabo ababeneziqephu ezinkulu zokudangala, abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu babenezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokwelashwa lokudangala (78.9%). (Inhlangano Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwezidakamizwa Nenhlangano Yezempilo Yengqondo, 2018)
  • Intsha eneminyaka eyi-12 kuya kweyi-17 ibinezinga lokwelashwa eliphansi kunawo wonke (41.4%). (Inhlangano Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwezidakamizwa Nenhlangano Yezempilo Yengqondo, 2018)
  • Cishe abantu abadala abayizigidi ezingama-25 e-U.S. Bathathe imishanguzo okungenani iminyaka emibili, ukukhuphuka okungama-60% kusukela ngo-2010. (I-American Pharmacist Association, 2018)
  • Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthatha imishanguzo yokulwa nengcindezi kunamadoda. (I-American Psychological Association, 2017)

OKUSHIWO: Ukwelashwa kwengcindezi nemithi



Ucwaningo lokucindezeleka