Abasokhemisi bangasiza kanjani ukuvikela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela

Ukuphuma

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela kuthatha umuthi owunikezwe ngenye indlela ngaphandle kokuyalelwa, noma ukuthatha incwadi kadokotela — noma ngabe ukusiza ngobuhlungu, noma ukukhuphuka.

Cishe isigamu sabantu baseMelika kungenzeka ukuthi bathathe umuthi kadokotela ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ezedlule, ngokusho kwedatha evela ku- Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo (I-CDC). Okusho ukuthi, kunemithi eminingi ejikeleza emakhaya ezweni lonke. Abantu abaningi bazithatha njengokuyalelwa, kepha cishe u-6% walabo abaneminyaka engu-12 nangaphezulu — abantu abayizigidi eziyi-18 — basebenzise kabi umuthi kadokotela ngonyaka odlule, kubika i Ukusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa Nokuphathwa Kwezinsizakalo Zempilo Yengqondo (SAMHSA).

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa vs ukuhlukunyezwa?

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwemithi kadokotela , okubizwa nangokuthi ukusetshenziswa okungezona okwezokwelapha, kungasho:

• Ukuthatha imithi ngenye indlela ngaphandle kokuyalelwa
• Ukuthatha incwadi kadokotela yomunye umuntu
• Ukuthatha imithi ukuze uphakame

Kungaba msulwa, njengokukhohlwa ukuthatha imithamo emibili nsuku zonke noma ukusebenzisa imithi yomunye umuntu ngezinhlungu ezisemthethweni. Kepha, noma ngabe yini isisusa, ukusetshenziswa kabi kalula kungaba ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela, kube nemiphumela eyingozi.

Izigaba ezintathu zemithi kadokotela evame ukusetshenziswa kabi ngama-opioid, ukucindezela kwesistimu yezinzwa, kanye nezikhuthazi. Uma kuthathwe ngokungafanele kungaholela ekubeni umlutha, ukuvakashelwa kwe-ER, noma ngisho nokudlula ngokweqile nokufa.

Osokhemisi bangomugqa owodwa wokuzivikela esiwombeni esiwumshayabhuqe sokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.

Uyini umthwalo wemithi?

Njengabasebenzi bezempilo, Isikhungo Sokuphoqelela Izidakamizwa (I-DEA) ibheka osokhemisi ababhekele ukuvimbela ukuhlukunyezwa ngemithi kadokotela nokuguqulwa kwezidakamizwa.

Ngaphansi komthetho wobumbano, osokhemisi banesibopho esifanayo nalowo obhalisile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi into elawulwayo yenzelwe injongo esemthethweni yezokwelapha futhi isenkambweni ejwayelekile yokusebenza komqeqeshi, kuchaza uTanya Karwaki, Ph.D., umfundisi I-University of Washington School of Pharmacy . Osokhemisi babelana nabadokotela umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa umuthi wezinto ezilawulwayo uvumelekile ngaphambi kokuba ukhishwe. Ngaphezu kokuhambisana nemithetho yenhlangano, osokhemisi kumele futhi bahambisane nemithetho yezwe lapho besebenza khona kubandakanya nemithetho yohlelo lokuqapha kadokotela.

Kungumsebenzi onzima, othatha ibhalansi lokwahlulela kobungcweti kanye nokuxhumana namakhasimende akho.

Izimpawu zokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela

Kunezinkomba ezithile ongazibuka ukuze usize ukunquma ukuthi iziguli zidinga nini umuthi kadokotela ukuze zithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo, noma ziwafuna ngezizathu ezingekho emthethweni. Kunamafulegi amaningi abomvu okufanele acatshangelwe, amanye awo afaka izingqinamba zokuziphatha (izinsongo zesiguli, ukuthambisa ngokweqile, ukudideka, ukudakwa, ukuyaluza, ama-prescribers e-opioid amaningi alawulwayo, amakhemisi amaningi); imithi ethile (inani elikhulu noma ama-opioid ahlanganisiwe, ama-benzodiazepines, kanye / noma i-carisoprodol); nezinkinga ezingekho emthethweni (isiguli siyavuma ukuhlanganyela nomngani noma isihlobo, ukubhaliswa kwe-DEA noma ilayisense yombuso akusebenzi, noma incwadi kadokotela iqondiswe kabi ngokuhlukile ngabanikezeli bezinga lomsebenzi), kusho uJeffrey Fudin, Pharm.D., umnikazi nokuphatha umhleli UbuhlunguDr.com .

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezibekezelayo

UKarwaki uthi, amafulegi abomvu angaxwayisa usokhemisi angafaka:

• isiguli sikhokha imali,
• isiguli esihamba ibanga elingavamile ukugcwalisa incwadi yaso,
• isiguli esivame ukucela ukuvuselelwa kusenesikhathi, futhi
• ukuziphatha okungavamile kwesiguli njengokusebenza ngokuzikhandla.

Ukubiza isidakamizwa ngegama laso lomgwaqo, ngokwesibonelo ukuthi iDemmies esikhundleni seDemerol, kungaba esinye isibonakaliso sesixwayiso, ngokusho kwe Ingqungquthela Kazwelonke Yokuhlukumeza Izidakamizwa .

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zababhalisile

Iziguli akuzona kuphela izelelesi. Odokotela bangenza lula ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela, noma imibhalo yokwenziwa ingaqanjwa. Ngasohlangothini lwe-equation, amafulegi abomvu angabandakanya ababhali ababhalela amanani amakhulu ngokungajwayelekile noma amanye amaphethini anqunyiwe angavamile ukubonwa emphakathini wezokwelapha, kanye nokubhala ngaphandle kwendawo yabo ekhethekile, kuchaza uKarwaki.

Ngokwengeziwe, lezi zindlela zingaveza imiyalelo engekho emthethweni noma engumbombayi, ngokusho kwe- nika :

• imiyalo evela ngasikhathi sinye yezidakamizwa eziphikisanayo, njengezikhuthazi ezihambisanayo nezicindezeli
• imiyalo eminingi yezidakamizwa ezifanayo ezivela kudokotela ofanayo ezigulini eziningi ezahlukahlukene
• imiyalelo ebukeka iphelele kakhulu noma ibhalwe kahle
• imiyalo ebonakala ikhophiwe
• izinkomba ezibhalwe ngokugcwele ngaphandle kwezifinyezo ezijwayelekile zodokotela
• imibhalo ebhalwe ngemibhalo ethile yesandla noma ngemibala yeyinki

Noma umuntu ogcwalisa incwadi kadokotela engakhombisi zimpawu zokuxwayisa, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolisise udokotela uqobo lwawo ukuze uthole izimpawu zokukhwabanisa noma amandla okusetshenziswa kabi.

Yini engenziwa usokhemisi?

Usokhemisi osola ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela kumele ahambisane nemithetho kahulumeni kanye neyezwe maqondana nemiyalelo esemthethweni, kusho uKarwaki. Lokho kungasho ukuthatha isinyathelo. Ngokuya ngesimo esithile, cabanga ngalezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo.

1. Xhumana nommemezeli.

Uma unokukhathazeka mayelana nokusebenza noma ukusetshenziswa kwencwadi kadokotela, unelungelo nesibopho sokuthola eminye imininingwane. Osokhemisi bangadinga ukuxhumana nommeli futhi bacabange ukwenqaba ukugcwalisa incwadi ethile kadokotela, kusho uKarwaki.

Ukukhuluma nodokotela kungakusiza unqume ukuthi kungani isiguli sidinga umuthi, futhi ubone ukuthi uyavumelana yini nezimpawu ezibonakalayo zekhasimende.

2. Thinta amanye amakhemisi agcwalise imiyalelo yesiguli.

Mhlawumbe ikhemisi lagcwalisa umuthi ofanayo ovela kudokotela ohlukile muva nje. Lapho isisu sakho sikutshela ukuthi kunenkinga, ngeke sikulimaze ukufuna eminye imininingwane.

Uma uthola iphethini yemiyalo emibi, noma ukuhlukunyezwa ungaxhumana ne-DEA noma iziphathimandla zombuso. Uma umqondisi ngokusobala engafanelekile futhi kukhona ukukhathazeka okuphathelene nomphakathi kanye / noma isiguli, usokhemisi unesibopho sokubika lowo msebenzi ebhodini lombuso lezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kwegunya labo, kepha uma isiguli sibandakanyeka, kungakuhle ukufaka bika namaphoyisa endawo, kusho uDkt. Fudin.

3. Buza isiguli imininingwane eyengeziwe.

Kungaba nesizathu esizwakalayo sokuthi isiguli sidinga ukugcwaliswa ngokushesha noma sikhokhe imali. Ukuba nengxoxo nekhasimende lakho kunganweba ukubuka kwakho kwesimo, futhi kusize ukukhiphela ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela. Xhumana nezwe lakho uhlelo lokuqapha izidakamizwa (PDMP) ukubona ukuthi imininingwane echazwa yisiguli sakho iyafana yini namaphethini owabona ku-database.

4. Weluleke isiguli noma udlulisele isiguli ekwelashweni ngomlutha.

Uma amaphuzu akho ophenyo angeziwe maqondana nokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kadokotela, ungahle ufune ukuba nengxoxo mayelana nezingozi zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa kadokotela nezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Osokhemisi bangabuye beluleke iziguli futhi banikeze nokudluliselwa noma izinsiza mayelana nokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, kusho uKarwaki. Njenge:

• Izinombolo zosizo zakwaSAMSHA kuzwelonke : 1-800-662-USIZO
• Izinsiza zeNational Institute on Abuse Abuse
• Izinsiza ze-American Addiction Center

5. Yenqaba ukugcwalisa incwadi kadokotela.

Kunezizathu eziningi ongase ungakwazi ukugcwalisa incwadi kadokotela — ngaphandle kwezinsolo zokusetshenziswa kabi kwemithi kadokotela. Kungaba nemininingwane engekho, umbhalo wesandla kadokotela awufundeki, umuthi awukho esitokweni, noma ungahle uhlangane ngokuyingozi nomunye umuthi.

Kepha uma ukholwa ukuthi incwadi kadokotela isetshenziswa ngokungekho emthethweni, ungahle uthande ukucabanga ukwenqaba ukugcwalisa — inqobo nje uma kungaphansi kwamalungelo akho ngaphansi kwemithetho yombuso.