Izidakamizwa ezinqunywe kakhulu kuzo zonke izifundazwe ngo-2019

Inkampani

Ngo-Agasti, saphula umthetho we- imishanguzo kadokotela igcwaliswa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi beSingleCare , uhlu olwalulawulwa yimithi yengcindezi yegazi nemithi kadokotela uvithamini D. Manje sesibhekisisa imishanguzo ebekiwe kakhulu yowezi-2019 — kanti ngenkathi eminingi yayo iyagqagqana, kunezelwa ezimbalwa ezintsha.

Okuphawuleka kakhulu, nokho, yilokho lolu hlu lwamanje lwemithi lusitshela khona ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi kadokotela ebhodini e-United States. Kungani eminye imithi inikezwa kaningi kuneminye? Ingabe ukuthandwa kwesidakamizwa kuhle noma kubi? Yiziphi izimo zezempilo ezivame kakhulu kubantu baseMelika?

Ukuthola izimpendulo zale mibuzo, sicele odokotela ababili ukuba balinganise imishanguzo ephezulu yonyaka futhi babelane ngokuqonda kwabo ngemikhuba. Nakhu obekufanele bakusho.

Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile nezamagama

Yonke imithi kadokotela ohlwini lwango-2019 itholakala ngendlela ejwayelekile, ebenza bashibhile futhi batholakale kalula, kusho uDavid Cutler, MD, udokotela wezokwelapha emndenini Isikhungo Sezempilo saseProvidence Saint John .

Akuyona inoveli, i-blockbuster, izidakamizwa ezenza imali ofunda ngazo emakhasini angaphambili, usho kanjalo. Ziyizidakamizwa kwikhabethe lemithi yawo wonke umuntu.

Kungani lokhu kuphawuleka? Okokuqala, izidakamizwa ezinamagama zikhuphula izindleko zombili zokuphuma ephaketheni kanye nezindleko zomphakathi zomshuwalense wezempilo, kusho uJoshua Septimus, MD, umfundi IMethodist yaseHouston . Njengoba imishanguzo ejwayelekile yamukelwa kabanzi njengeyinhle njengeyamagama, ukushintshela kwimiyalo ejwayelekile kuyinto enhle.

Ngijabule kakhulu ukubona ukuthi odokotela bayayibalekela imishanguzo yamagama ngoba kube nesikhathi lapho odokotela bebebhala kakhulu imiyalo ebiza kakhulu, kuchaza uDkt Septimus. Kodwa manje ama-meds anqunywe kabanzi asejwayelekile, futhi ashibhile futhi anedatha ekudala ehamba nawo.

Zisitshelani izidakamizwa ezinqunywe kakhulu?

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izidakamizwa ezinqunywe kakhulu zango-2019 ziwela ezigabeni ezimbalwa ezivamile: imishanguzo yegazi, ukwelashwa kwe-thyroid, ama-antibiotics kanye nemithi ye-ADHD.

Lokhu kunengqondo, kusho uDkt. Septimus, ngoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-hypothyroidism yizifo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ngokuqondene neminye imithi? Ama-antibiotic we-Broad-spectrum azohlala ithandwa ngoba abantu bazohlala begula futhi badinga ukwelashwa, futhi uhlu lugcwaliswa ngeminye yezidakamizwa ezivamile ezifana ne-steroids nemithi yokukhathazeka.

Ufuna ukufunda kabanzi ngemithi ebekiwe kakhulu yango-2019, ngokusho kwedatha ye-SingleCare (mhlawumbe eyodwa oyithathayo usohlwini!) Noma uthole umuthi ovame kakhulu esifundazweni sakho kulo nyaka? Funda ukuwohloka kwethu kwezidakamizwa.

Yimuphi umuthi obekwe kakhulu?

• I-Amlodipine (i-generic Norvasc) ne-lisinopril (i-generic Zestril, noma i-Prinivil)
• I-Amoxicillin
• I-Levothyroxine sodium ne-Synthroid
• I-Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (i-generic Adderall)
• Uvithamini D kadokotela
• Prednisone
• I-Alprazolam (i-generic Xanax)
• Sildenafil

I-Amlodipine ne-lisinopril

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
Imiyalo edume kakhulu e: Alaska, Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Nevada, I-Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Virginia, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme yisimo esivamile eselapheka kalula, futhi kunenzuzo enkulu ngokuyilawula — okubandakanya nokwehla kwengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi, ngokusho kukaDkt. Cutler. Futhi akusona leso sizathu kuphela umfutho wegazi ophakeme udla njengaye amlodipine futhi lisinopril zithandwa kakhulu manje, noma.

Indlela yokuxilonga echaza ukuthi ngubani one-hypertension yehlisiwe, okuletha abantu abaningi esigabeni sokutholakala ukuthi bane-high blood pressure, kuchaza uDkt. Cutler.

Ubhekise ku Ukuvuselelwa kuka-2017 imihlahlandlela eyasungulwa phambilini ngo-2003; I-American College of Cardiology kanye ne-American Heart Association basuse isigaba se-hypertension baphinde bahlela ezinye izigaba zesigaba somfutho wegazi ophezulu. Kulinganiselwe ukuthi lolu shintsho luzohlukanisa abantu abaningi njengabanomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala abasebasha, futhi kungaholela ekungeneleleni kwangaphambilini.

Ngokuya kwale mithi emibili, uDkt Septimus uthi bobabili i-ACE inhibitors (njenge-lisinopril) kanye ne-calcium channel blockers (njenge-amlodipine) izindlela ezamukelekayo zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanti i-amlodipine iyimithi elula ukusetshenziswa enecala eliphansi imiphumela kanye ne-lisinopril inketho ephephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela noma isifo senhliziyo.

I-Amoxicillin

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane endlebeni, ekhaleni, nasemphinjeni
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: California, Washington, D.C., Maryland, New Jersey, Texas

UDkt. izingcingo zesikhombisa amokfillin isisekelo sokwelashwa kwezifo zokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka kwezindlebe kanye ne-strep throat, okusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani bekuyisidakamizwa esithandwa kakhulu ezifundazweni ezine kulo nyaka.

Uma ubheka lapho kubhalwa khona imibhalo eminingi yama-antibiotic, kusezinganeni, ngoba zivame ukwelashwa kaningi ngalezo zimo, usho kanjalo.

Yize noma ngubani owake wachitha isikhathi eseduze nezingane azi ukuthi angumazibuthe bamagciwane nokutheleleka, kusenokukhathazeka okuthile kodokotela mayelana nezinga lapho kunqunywa khona ama-antibiotic — ikakhulukazi uma esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kunalezo ezibangelwa amagciwane, okunikela emazingeni akhulayo wokumelana nama-antibiotic.

Kunemizamo ebanzi eqhubekayo yokunciphisa ukuvezwa okungadingekile kwama-antibiotic ngokusebenzisa ukuphatha izinhlelo, uDkt Cutler uthi. Abantu badinga ukwaziswa kakhulu ngezingozi ezidalwa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, okungadingekile, nokulimazayo kwama-antibiotic.

I-Levothyroxine sodium ne-Synthroid

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: I-Hypothyroidism
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands

I-Hypothyroidism, isimo lapho i-thyroid iyeka ukwenza i-hormone eyanele yokulawula imisebenzi esemqoka yomzimba, ithinta cishe abahlanu kwabangu-100 baseMelika , ngokweNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Umsebenzi we-thyroid ophansi uvame ukuba yisimo se-autoimmune esingenayo inhlamvu yokuvimbela noma yokuvimbela, kusho uDkt. Cutler, enezela ukuthi izimpawu zingaba ezicashile, njengokukhathala noma ukuqunjelwa. Abantu abane-hypothyroidism nabo bangathola ubuhlungu bamalunga noma bemisipha, isikhumba esomile, ukuya esikhathini ngokungajwayelekile, noma ukuzuza kwesisindo.

I-Levothyroxine sodium yilokho okwaziwa njengokufaka esikhundleni se-thyroid, futhi uDkt Septimus uthi kuyathandwa ngoba empeleni azikho ezinye izidakamizwa ezingangena esikhundleni se-hormone yegilo engekho. Ngokujabulisayo, uthi futhi i-levothyroxine sodium inezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza futhi isiza iningi leziguli eziyithathayo.

I-Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (i-generic Adderall)

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: I-ADHD
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: Michigan, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Utah

I-Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine kuvame ukubekwa ekwelashweni kwe- Izimpawu ze-ADHD , okungahluka kusuka ekusebenzeni ngokweqile nobunzima bokugxila ekugxileni nasekuhlulekeni okungalungile, ngokusho kukaDkt. Septimus. Kanye nokuthi abantu abaningi batholakala bene-ADHD, kufaka nezingane ezincane , ukuthandwa kwalesi sidakamizwa kuyaqhubeka nokukhula ngoba ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokuvikelekile nokusebenza ngempumelelo — futhi manje sekutholakala ngendlela ejwayelekile.

Indlela ngqo yokuthi i-amphetamine-dextroamphetamine izisiza kanjani iziguli (ngaphandle kokusebenza ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi) ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kepha ngokusho Umagazini we-ADDitude , lesi sidakamizwa sifundwe kabanzi amashumi eminyaka futhi sibonakala singabangeli ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo iningi leziguli ezisisebenzisayo.

Ama-outliers

Izidakamizwa ezisele kuhlu lwango-2019 azingeni kunoma iyiphi yale mikhakha engenhla, kepha bekuyisidakamizwa sokuqala esinqunyelwe ezifundazweni zazo.

Uvithamini D kadokotela

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: Ukushoda kukavithamini D
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: New York

Incwadi kadokotela uvithamini D. , umuthi ophezulu eNew York, usetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukushoda kukavithamini D. Kepha uDkt. Septimus uthi iqiniso lokuthi linqunywa ngokujwayelekile likhomba ukuthi odokotela basalokhu behlolela uvithamini D, umkhuba I-U.S. Preventive Services Task Force weluleke ngokumelene. Ngenkathi ukuthatha i-vitamin D kadokotela kungadingeka kwisibalo seziguli (njengalezo ezine-osteoporosis), kungenzeka ukuthi kunqunywe ngokungadingekile kwezinye izimo eziningi.

Prednisone

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: Ukuvuvukala
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: Maine

Ukubeka amaphethini wezifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, ne-sinusitis kungenzeka ukuthi kungani kungaka mthoko ukhishwe eMaine kulo nyaka. I-corticosteroid elapha izimo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuvukala kanye nezokuzivikela komzimba, uDkt Septimus uthi abanye odokotela bamane bathembele kakhulu kuyo lapho isiguli sikhala ngokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, noma ukungaphatheki kahle ngenxa yesimo esibi noma esingelapheki. Ukuthatha i-prednisone kungaholela kokuningi okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo , eba nzima kakhulu uma usithatha isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuthi ayisetshenziswa ngokweqile ezweni lonke.

I-Alprazolam

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: Ukukhathazeka
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: Tennessee

Ngokukhululeka okusheshayo kwezimpawu ezihambisana nokuhlaselwa ukwethuka noma ama-phobias, alprazolamu kunqunyelwe ukusiza abantu ukuthi babhekane nezimo ezinzima njengokuhamba ngendiza lapho wesaba ukundiza. Ngenkathi i-Xanax ingabekelwa i- ukukhathazeka okungapheli , i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe (i-SSRIs) noma eminye imishanguzo yokulwa nokukhathazeka kungenzeka isetshenziswe.

Mayelana nokuthi kungani i-alprazolam (Xanax) ingahle ithandwe kangaka, uDkt Septimus uthi isebenza ngokushesha okukhulu kunezinye izidakamizwa ekilasini layo, ikwenza kube kuhle ezimweni ezidinga ukuqala ngokushesha kwesenzo.

[Kodwa-ke], lokho futhi kwenza ikhono layo lokuba umlutha liphakeme kakhulu, uyaxwayisa. Kungumuthi omuhle lapho usetshenziswa ngokuphepha, kodwa ngokuqonda.

Sildenafil

Okuvame kakhulu ukubekelwa: Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile
Umuthi odume kakhulu e: Hawaii

Sildenafil , iphilisi lokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile I-Viagra , kwakuyisidakamizwa esiphambili esinqunyelwe eHawaii kulo nyaka. Sekukonke, ochwepheshe bayazi ukuthi i-sildenafil ibekwa kaningi ngoba izuze ku-a ukwehla okukhulu kwezindleko emuva ku-2017 lapho itholakala ngendlela ejwayelekile. Yize kusasetshenziswa kakhulu iziguli ezicebile nezindlela zokuthenga izidakamizwa ezingadingekile, zokuzithokozisa, inani lentengo eliphansi livumele iziguli eziningi ezinokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa.

Ukuwohloka kombuso ngezwe

I-Alaska: iLisinopril
I-Alabama: Amlodipine
I-Arkansas: iLisinopril
I-Arizona: I-sodium ye-Levothyroxine
ICalifornia: Amoxicillin
IColorado: I-sodium yeLevothyroxine
I-Connecticut: I-Amlodipine
IWashington, DC: I-Amoxicillin
IDelaware: Lisinopril
IFlorida: I-Levothyroxine sodium
IGeorgia: Amlodipine
IHawaii: Sildenafil
I-Iowa: iLisinopril
Idaho: I-sodium yeLevothyroxine
I-Illinois: iLisinopril
I-Indiana: iLisinopril
IKansas: Lisinopril
IKentucky: iLisinopril
ILouisiana: Amlodipine
EMassachusetts: eLisinopril
EMaryland: Amoxicillin
IMaine: iPrednisone
UMichigan: Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine
IMinnesota: iLisinopril
EMissouri: eLisinopril
IMississippi: Amlodipine
IMontana: I-sodium yeLevothyroxine
INorth Carolina: iLisinopril
ENyakatho Dakota: Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine
Nebraska: Lisinopril
ENew Hampshire: Lisinopril
ENew Jersey: Amoxicillin
INew Mexico: iLisinopril
INevada: iLisinopril
ENew York: Uvithamini D
I-Ohio: iLisinopril
I-Oklahoma: iLisinopril
I-Oregon: I-sodium ye-Levothyroxine
EPennsylvania: Lisinopril
I-Puerto Rico: I-Synthroid (igama lomkhiqizo we-levothyroxine sodium)
I-Rhode Island: I-Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine
ISouth Carolina: Amlodipine
ENingizimu Dakota: Lisinopril
ITennessee: I-Alprazolam
I-Texas: i-Amoxicillin
I-Utah: Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine
IVirginia: Lisinopril
I-Virgin Islands: I-Levothyroxine sodium
IVermont: iLisinopril
IWashington: Lisinopril
IWisconsin: iLisinopril
ENtshonalanga Virginia: eLisinopril
I-Wyoming: Lisinopril

Imininingwane edumile yemithi kadokotela ikhombisa imibhalo egcwaliswe kakhulu ngeSingleCare yango-2019, ngaphandle kwama-opioid nezidakamizwa zokwehlisa isisindo.