Umuthi omuhle kakhulu wokukhwehlela

Imininingwane Yezidakamizwa

ukukhwehlela kungenye ye- izizathu ezivame kakhulu Abantu babona umhlinzeki wabo oyinhloko wezempilo. Njengoba ukukhwehlela okuningi kubangelwa imikhuhlane evamile noma izici zemvelo, imithi yokukhwehlela yasesitolo (OTC) namakhambi asekhaya kuvame ukulungisa inkinga. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuvakashela udokotela wakho oyinhloko ukuze uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha-ngisho nemithi yokukhwehlela kadokotela-uma ukukhwehlela kubangela umkhuhlane noma kuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu.

Izimbangela zokukhwehlela

Ngenkathi ukukhwehlela kwesinye isikhathi kuyinto ejwayelekile, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kungaba wuphawu lwesimo sempilo esiyimbangela. Ukukhwehlela kuyindlela evikelayo ehlose ukusula uketshezi olweqile nezindikimba zangaphandle ezindleleni zomoya. Kodwa-ke, ukukhwehlela okunzima nokuvame njalo kungathinta kakhulu impilo yakho.

Lezi yizizathu eziyinhloko zokukhwehlela:

• Umkhuhlane ovamile: Umkhuhlane ovamile ukutheleleka ngegciwane emakhaleni nasemphinjeni (umgudu wokuphefumula ongaphezulu). Imvamisa ayinangozi, yize ingahle ingazizwa ngaleyo ndlela. Iningi labantu liyalulama emkhuhlaneni ojwayelekile ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi.
• Ukutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumula ngegciwane: Leli elinye igama lomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho igciwane lingena emzimbeni ngomlomo noma ngamakhala. Njengoba kunikezwe izimpawu, kuvame ukudluliswa ngokuthinta, ukuthimula, noma ukukhwehlela.
• Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka ngegciwane okuhlasela uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula. Umkhuhlane uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umkhuhlane, kodwa awufani namagciwane omkhuhlane wesisu abanga uhudo nokuhlanza. Yize umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wonyaka ungasebenzi ngempumelelo ngo-100%, kuseseyindlela yakho yokuzivikela emkhuhlaneni.
• I-bronchitis: I-bronchitis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamashubhu wakho we-bronchial, okuyizindima eziyinhloko umzimba wakho ozisebenzisayo ukuhambisa umoya uye ngawo nasemaphashini akho. Abantu abane-bronchitis bavame ukukhwehlela amafinyila aminyene, angabuye akhishwe umbala. I-bronchitis ingaba okubukhali noma okungamahlalakhona. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa igciwane — imvamisa amagciwane afanayo adala umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ovamile — kodwa kwezinye izimo ezikhethiwe, lingabangelwa amagciwane.

Izinhlobo zomuthi wokukhwehlela

Imithi ehlukahlukene ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha ukukhwehlela nezimpawu ezibandayo, kepha bambalwa kuphela babo abangazilapha ngokushesha izimpawu. Nazi izinhlobo eziyinhloko:

• Ukukhwehlela ukucindezela (obizwa nangokuthi antitussives ) vimba i-reflex yokukhwehlela, okwenza ukukhwehlela kube lula. I-Dextromethorphan (DM) iyisithako esisebenza kakhulu esivimbela ukucindezela ukukhwehlela. Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela akufanele kusetshenziswe uma ukukhwehlela kubangelwa ukubhema, i-emphysema, i-asthma, i-pneumonia, noma i-bronchitis engapheli. Ama-antihistamine noma ama-decongestants nawo angawomisa umphimbo, enze ukuthi amafinyila abe mkhulu futhi kube nzima ukuhamba, okuholele ekukhwehleleni okukhulu.
• Abalindelwe khipha noma unciphise amafinyila esifubeni, kwenze kube lula ukusikhwehlela. Isibonelo esisodwa esithandwayo yi-guaifenesin. Ukuphuza uketshezi oluthe xaxa nakho kungasiza.
• Imithi yokuhlanganiswa iqukethe inhlanganisela yama-expectorants, izithinteli zokukhwehlela, nezinye izithako ezisebenzayo. Bangabandakanya ama-antihistamine, amaphilisi ezinhlungu, nama-decongestants ukwelapha izimpawu eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Ukwelapha ukukhwehlela emkhuhlaneni ojwayelekile, ukukhetha okuhle umuthi obandayo oqukethe i-antihistamine kanye ne-decongestant, njengoba i-antihistamine iyodwa ingahle ingasebenzi.

Yimiphi imithi yokukhwehlela ehamba phambili kakhulu?

Izimo eziningi zomkhuhlane ovamile zingelashwa ngaphandle kokuya kumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kunemithi eminingi yokukhwehlela ongayithenga esitolo sezidakamizwa sangakini ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Ezinye ze-OTC ezithandwa kakhulu, ukwelashwa okusheshayo kokukhwehlela kufaka:

• I-Pseudoephedrine: Umuthi we-OTC oqeda ukucinana kwamakhala. Umkhiqizo othandwa kakhulu yiSudafed(Amakhuphoni adlulisiwe | Yini iSudafed?). Ngoba ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi, iSudafed kufanele ibhekwe kulabo abane-high blood pressure noma ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo. Imiphumela emibi ifaka ukucasuka, i-jitteriness, kanye ne-hyperactivity. Qaphela: Kunezifundazwe ezimbalwa ezidinga incwadi kadokotela yalokhu futhi wonke amazwe ayigcina ngemuva kwekhawunta yekhemisi. Kufanele ukhombise i-ID ukuze uthenge.
• I-Guaifenesin: Imvamisa yaziwa ngegama layo lomkhiqizo iMucinex(Amakhuphoni e-Mucinex | Uyini uMucinex?), i-guaifenesin yiyona kuphela i-OTC expectorant etholakalayo yokusiza ukukhulula izimpawu emakhazeni. Isebenza ukudambisa ukuminyana kwesifuba futhi kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-pseudoephedrine ukuqeda izimpawu eziningi. IGuaifenesin kufanele isize amafinyila amancane, ikwenze kube lula ukukhwehlela amafinyila noma i-phlegm, yize imibiko iyehluka ngokuthi ingasebenza kangakanani. Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi lapho ugula ukhwehlela ngenxa yokutheleleka nakho kungasiza.
• I-Dextromethorphan : Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela okuthinta amasiginali ebuchosheni okubangela ukukhwehlela kokukhwehlela. I-Dextromethorphan isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukukhwehlela futhi iyatholakala ngaphezu kwekhawunta ngesiraphu, i-capsule, isifutho, ithebhulethi nefomu le-lozenge. Kubuye kutholakale emithini eminingi yokuhlanganiswa kwemithi kanye nemithi kadokotela. Amagama emikhiqizo ajwayelekile kakhulu afaka phakathi iRobafen Cough (Robitussin) neVicks Dayquil Cough. Akunconyelwa izingane ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emine ubudala. Umthamo wabantu abadala uyahluka ngokuya ngokuthi ukwakheka kukhululwa ngokushesha yini noma kunwetshiwe. Isilinganiso esiphezulu ngu-120 ml emahoreni angama-24.
• Ukudambisa izinhlungu: I-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen)(Amakhuphoni eTylenol | Yini iTylenol?)futhi Advil (ibuprofen)(Amakhuphoni e-Advil | Yini i-Advil?)kungasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zomkhuhlane nomkhuhlane, njengokunciphisa umkhuhlane kanye nokuqaqamba komzimba.

OKUhlobene : Sudafed vs Mucinex

Uma uthola ukuthi imithi yokukhwehlela ye-OTC ayikusebenzeli, futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi noma ziphikelele, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi ezosiza. Ngokubheka ukuthi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhwehlela izifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula, futhi lezi zivame ukubangelwa amagciwane, akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-GP yakho izonikeza noma yimaphi ama-antibiotic njengokwelashwa kokukhwehlela. Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa kuphela ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, njenge-strep throat.

Uma unesifo sokukhwehlela ongeke wakwazi ukusinyakazisa futhi sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu, bheka udokotela wakho bese ubheka ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kunesimo esingaphansi esidinga ukwelashwa ngemithi kadokotela.

Yimiphi imithi kadokotela yokukhwehlela ehamba phambili?

Noma, kunemithi eminingi yokukhwehlela kadokotela emakethe lapha kukhona abanye abahlinzeki bakho bezokunakekelwa kwempilo abangahle bakunikeze ukukhwehlela okusheshayo nokukhululeka kobuhlungu:

Umuthi omuhle kakhulu wokukhwehlela kadokotela
Igama lomuthi	Kunconyelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe?	Kuvunyelwe izingane?	Isebenza kanjani
ICodeine	Cha. Ingane ingancika kuma-opioid, futhi umuthi ungadluliswa ngobisi lwebele.	Cha. Kusukela ngo-2018, i-codeine iyaphikiswa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kuka-18 ngonyaka I-FDA .	Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela kwe-opioid.
I-Tessalon Pearls (i-benzonate)	I-N / A – FDA Isigaba Sokukhulelwa C (akwaziwa ukuthi singalimaza yini umbungu noma uma singcolisa ubisi lwebele).	Cha, ungaziniki izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 ngaphandle kokuholwa ngudokotela. Kungabulala izingane.	It ndikindiki izindawo emaphashini nasemphinjeni, nakho kunciphisa ingqondo ukukhwehlela.
I-Tussionex PennKinetic (i-hydrocodone-chlorpheniramine)	I-N / A – FDA Isigaba Sokukhulelwa C (akwaziwa uma kulimaza umbungu noma uma sidlulela ebisini lwebele). Izingane zingancika kulo muthi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho.	Cha. Akumele isetshenziswe ngabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala.	I-Hydrocodone iyisicindezeli sokukhwehlela esinciphisa izimpawu zokukhwehlela ezikhwehlela ebuchosheni. IChlorpheniramine iyi-antihistamine eyehlisa umphumela wama-histamines emzimbeni.
Isethembiso (i-promethazine)	I-N / A – FDA Isigaba Sokukhulelwa C (okungaziwa uma ingozi ingafika embungwini noma uma ingcolisa ubisi lwebele).	Yebo. Ingafakwa ngokucophelela ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2 ubudala.	Ukukhwehlela nokucindezela i-antihistamine.
I-Hydromet (i-hydrocodone-homatropine)	Cha. Ingane ingancika kuma-opioid, nemithi ingadluliselwa ngobisi lwebele.	Cha. Akumele isetshenziswe ngabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala.	Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela kwe-opioid kanye ne-antihistamine.
I-Phenergan ngeCodeine (i-promethazine-codeine)	Cha. Ingane ingancika kuma-opioid, nemithi ingadluliselwa ngobisi lwebele.	Cha. Akumele isetshenziswe ngabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala.	Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela kwe-opioid kanye ne-antihistamine.
I-Hydrocodone-acetaminophen	Cha. Ingane ingancika kuma-opioid, nemithi ingadluliselwa ngobisi lwebele.	Yebo. Ingafakwa ngokucophelela ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2 ubudala.	Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela kwe-opioid nokukhululeka kobuhlungu.

Thola isigqebhezana esivela kudokotela

Sincoma ngokuqinile ukuthi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi ngenkathi ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, noma ngaphambi kokunikeza noma imuphi umuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala .

Ungayiphuza kanjani imithi yokukhwehlela

Imithi yokukhwehlela iyatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-syrups, izimpushana, amaphilisi, ama-capsule, kanye nezifutho zamakhala. Imvamisa ifomu ekulungele kakhulu ukuthandwa nguwe. Isibonelo, izingane eziningi zinenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, ikakhulukazi lapho zinomphimbo obuhlungu, ngakho-ke isiraphu ingaba yindlela engcono kakhulu.

• Isiraphu yokukhwehlela: Kuhle kubantu abadala nezingane ezifuna ukukhululeka ngokushesha kunamaphilisi, kulabo abahlushwa umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu, kanye nezingane ezinenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi.
• Impuphu: Ifana nama-syrups. Kuyasiza ukuthi imithi isebenze ngokushesha futhi kulula ukuthi izingane zithathe ngomlomo.
• Amaphilisi: Ilungele abantu abadala abadinga ukukhululeka okuqhubekayo usuku lonke
• Izifutho ze-Nasal: Kubantu abadala noma izingane ezinomphimbo obuhlungu ezibavimbela ukuthi bangenise amaphilisi noma ezinye izinhlobo zomlomo kalula.
• Ukukhwehlela kwehla: Isiza ngokucindezela ukukhwehlela. Amaconsi amaningi wokukhwehlela anciphisa ukungakhululeki komphimbo obuhlungu ngezithako ezingeziwe njenge-menthol noma uju.

Yiziphi izixazululo ezihamba phambili ekhaya zokukhwehlela?

Yize kunemithi eminingi etholakalayo yokusiza ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela kwakho, kukhona nezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ezingadingi imithi futhi ezingasebenza kakhulu. Izindlela zokukhwehlela zifaka:

• Uketshezi: Uketshezi lusiza ukuncipha amafinyila emphinjeni wakho. Iziphuzo ezifudumele — njengomhluzi, itiye, noma ujusi — zingadambisa umphimbo.
• Ukukhwehlela kwehla: Banganciphisa ukukhwehlela okomile futhi badambise umphimbo othukuthele. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemvelo ezitholakalayo, ezine-menthol, ulamula, i-zinc, uvithamini C noju.
• Uju: Isipuni soju singasiza ukukhulula ukukhwehlela. Yengeze emanzini afudumele ane-lemon ukuze uthole umphumela owengeziwe opholisayo.
• Ama-Vaporizers noma ama-humidifiers: Ukwengeza umswakama emoyeni kwenza kube lula kuwe ukuphefumula. Unezinketho ezimbalwa zokwenza kanjalo. Ekuseni, ungakha ikamelo lakho le-steam ngokuvala umnyango wendlu yakho yokugezela bese usebenzisa amanzi ashisayo eshaweni imizuzu eminingana kuze kube yilapho izibuko zibuka. I-steam ingakusiza ukungavali ikhala nesifuba sakho. Kusihlwa, ungagijima i-vaporizer noma i-humidifier egumbini lakho lokulala ukuze ugweme ubusuku obuphazamisekile obugcwele ukukhwehlela.
• Amaconsi kasawoti angafakwanga umuthi: Ukufafaza ingaphakathi lekhala lakho ngamaconsi kasawoti angafakwanga imithi kungasula isikhwehlela futhi kukhulule nekhala eligcwele. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuconsa kwamakhala okungaholela ekukhwehleleni.
• Amanzi kasawoti: Ukugaya amanzi anosawoti kunganciphisa i-phlegm ne-mucus emphinjeni wakho okwenza i-reflex yokukhwehlela.
• Ujinja: Eyaziwa ngemiphumela yayo yokulwa nokuvuvukala, i-ginger kucatshangwa ukuthi inciphisa ukukhwehlela. Zama ukufaka ezinye izingcezu ezincane emanzini afudumele ukwenza itiye le-ginger.

Isikhathi esiningi amakhambi asekhaya kanye namakhambi ekhaya azolwa ngempumelelo nokukhwehlela okucasulayo kepha uma ukukhwehlela kuqhubeka noma kuba kubi kakhulu kufanele wenze isikhathi sokubonana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi kuwumqondo omuhle ukubonisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, noma ngabe i-OTC noma incwadi kadokotela, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuyinikeza izingane.