Funda ngezingozi zokulutha isiraphu yokukhwehlela

Imininingwane Yezidakamizwa

Kuyinto ejwayelekile lokho imishanguzo kadokotela ungaba umlutha. Kepha bewazi ukuthi imishanguzo yokuthenga ingasetshenziswa kabi futhi ihlukunyezwe? Isiraphu yokukhwehlela iphephe ngokuphelele (futhi iyasebenziseka) uma isetshenziswa njengoba kuhlosiwe. Uma uphuza kakhulu — ngamabomu noma ngengozi — kubangela inani eliphakeme, njengezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyingozi kunezinye, ikakhulukazi uma unentsha noma izingane ezincane ekhaya. Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi ukwelapha lowo mkhuhlane omubi futhi hlala uphephile.

Ingabe isiraphu yokukhwehlela iyalutha?

Kuya ngesimo.Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene zokukhwehlela nemithi ebandayo emakethe, kanti ezinye zingaba nezithako ezibhekwa njengeziphephile futhi ezingeyona ingozi kangako ukuba nazo ekhaya.

Kunezindlela ezimbili ezihlukile lapho ama-syrups wokukhwehlela engenza ngokuya ngamuphi umuthi owuthathayo, kuchaza UKimberly Brown, MD , udokotela ophuthumayo eMemphis, eTennessee. Enye indlela ukucindezela ukukhwehlela (suppressant), kanti enye ukusiza ukukhulula amafinyila ukuyisiza ukukhwehlela (expectorant). Ngokuya ngokwenzayo, izithako ezisebenzayo zehlukile — futhi nengozi yokuba umlutha wesiraphu sokukhwehlela nokuhlukumeza kwehlukile.

Ukukhwehlela ukucindezela

Izithako ezivamile ezisebenzayo zesiraphu yokukhwehlela zifaka phakathi i-codeine ne-dextromethorphan [DXM], kusho uKristi Torres, Pharm.D., Usokhemisi ophethe Ikhemisi lase-Austin Diagnostic Clinic kanye nelungu lebhodi lokubuyekezwa kwezokwelapha le-SingleCare. Zombili lezi zithako zinamandla okudala ukozela nokukhubazeka, futhi zinamandla okuhlukumeza.

(Ama-codeine wokukhwehlela ekhwehlela atholakala kuphela ekhawunteni ezifundazweni ezithile, futhi noma kunjalo lapho kunamakhemisi amaningi azokhipha incwadi kadokotela.)

Uma isiguli sinokukhwehlela okungapheli okuphazamisa ukulala, noma okuvimbela ukusebenza kwaso kwansuku zonke nokukhiqiza, udokotela waso angahle anikeze umuthi onamandla wokukhwehlela. Ama-syrups wokukhwehlela anikezwa amandla angaqukatha i-codeine noma i-hydrocodone, angama-opioid anamandla okulutha.

Iziraphu eziningi zokukhwehlela ziqukethe notshwala, ngakho iziguli ezilwa nokuncika kotshwala noma ezizwela otshwaleni kufanele zihlole njalo uhlu lwezithako, kusho uDkt Torres.

Abalindelwe

Ama-Expectorants ngokuvamile ane-guaifenesin, okuwumuthi onobungozi obuncane kakhulu bokuthi umuntu abe umlutha wawo, kusho uDkt.

Kwenzekani uma uphuza kakhulu isiraphu yokukhwehlela?

Ukucindezela ukukhwehlela nama-expectorants kuhloswe ukwelapha ukukhwehlela kwesikhashana, okungamahlalakhona, njengomkhuhlane ovamile , ngemithamo emincane. Uma zithathwa isikhathi eside kakhulu, noma ziphezulu kakhulu, imiphumela emibi iba khona.

Iziraphu zokukhwehlela ezithengwa ekhawunteni zivame ukuba nomuthi obizwa nge-dextromethorphan (DXM), ofana namakhemikhali ngokufana ne-codeine, kusho uDkt. Lapho ihlukunyezwa, i-dextromethorphan ingadala isiyezi, ukuhlanekezelwa kokubona, kanye nemibono. Kubalulekile ukuthi uma uphuza imishanguzo yokuthenga ukukhwehlela uma uyithenga, uyiphuze njengoba kuqondisiwe, nokuthi uyazi ukuthi kungaba khona ukuhlukunyezwa nokuluthwa yizithako ezinjenge-dextromethorphan, kuchaza uDkt. Brown.

Ingabe isiraphu yokukhwehlela iyingozi?

Ukusebenzisa kabi ukukhwehlela noma ukusebenzisa isiraphu ebandayo kungaba yingozi noma kubulale. I-DXM ithinta ubuchopho njengamanye ama-hallucinogens enza, kufaka phakathi i-ketamine ne-PCP, edala ukubona izinto ezingekho esimweni esifanelekile nokuphuma kokuhlangenwe nakho komzimba okuhambisana nentokozo, kusho UStephen Loyd, MD , udokotela wezokwelapha ongaphakathi kanye noprofesa ohlangene e-East Tennessee State University. Phakathi nalokho abanye abasebenzisi abangakubiza ngokuthi ‘uhambo olubi,’ i-DXM ingadala ukuthi abasebenzisi bazilimaze, bagule kakhulu, noma babhekane nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.

Yiziphi iziraphu zokukhwehlela eziphephile?

Isiraphu sokukhwehlela kufanele isetshenziselwe ukukhwehlela okwedlulele, kusho uDkt Torres. Amaconsi okhohlela, uju, neziphuzo ezifudumele ezinye izindlela aziphakamisayo ngaphambi kokuthola isiraphu yokukhwehlela.

Isibonelo semithi etholakalayo engafaki i-DXM icacile UMucinex (qiniseka ukubamba ibhokisi elithi Mucinex, hhayi iMucinex DM, equkethe i-DXM), i-expectorant equkethe isithako i-guaifenesin. UDkt.Brown futhi uncoma i-benzonatate njengenye indlela, isilonda sokuncindezela ukukhwehlela esisebenza ukunqanda umphimbo.

Yiziphi iziraphu zokukhwehlela ezingasetshenziswa kabi?

Eminye yemikhakha engaba khona izithako eziluthayo lokho kungatholakala ngokukhwehlela nesiraphu ebandayo ifaka phakathii-dextromethorphan (DXM),i-hydrocodone, ne-codeine. Uhlu olungezansi lubandakanya eminye yemithi ekhwehlela kakhulu nemithi ebandayo equkethe lezi zithako.

• ICodeine : I-Robitussin AC, i-Promethazine ene-codeine, i-Promethazine VC ene-codeine
• I-Hydrocodone : ITussionex, iHycodan
• I-Dextromethorphan : I-Robitussin DM, iMucinex DM, iDelsym, iNyQuil, iDayQuil

Intsha nokulutha kwesiraphu sokukhwehlela: Isixwayiso

Uma ingane yakho igula, ungangethuki uma ubona ibhodlela leRobitussin DM esikhwameni sayo kanye nempahla yesikole. Kodwa, kunesizathu sokukhathazeka. I-3.2% yentsha ibamba iqhaza ekusetshenzisweni kabi kwesiraphu sokukhwehlela, ngokusho konyaka we-2018 Ukuqapha Ucwaningo Lwangakusasa , okusho ukuthi basebenzisa ukukhwehlela nemithi ebandayo ukuze baphakame. Isiraphu yokukhwehlela ibilokhu ikhona amashumi eminyaka, futhi inkinga yokulutha isiraphu yokukhwehlela, ikakhulukazi kwentsha, bekuyinkinga eqhubekayo nephikelelayo.

Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuhlukunyezwa Kwezidakamizwa Kwentsha ithi izimpawu ezivamile zokuhlukunyezwa kwesiraphu yokukhwehlela zifaka phakathi: ukulahleka kokuxhumanisa, ukuba ndikindiki, ukuzwa ukugula esiswini sakho, ukujabula, ukushintsha kombono, nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni — okungadala ukulimala kobuchopho. Ukuxuba imishanguzo equkethe i-DXM nezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa noma utshwala kuyinto ejwayelekile futhi kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ngoba ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi intsha isivele isengozini yokuhlukunyezwa ngemithi yokukhwehlela, qaphela uma unemithi yokukhwehlela ekhaya lakho futhi unezingane ezincane noma intsha.