Ingabe kufanele uthathe i-aspirin yansuku zonke?
Imininingwane YezidakamizwaUkuthatha i-aspirin yansuku zonke enomthamo ophansi sekunconywe isikhathi eside ngudokotela bezinhliziyo njengendlela elula nephumelelayo yokusiza ukuvimbela imicimbi yenhliziyo efana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi, okungababulali abahamba phambili e-United States. I-Aspirin inamakhono okuncipha igazi futhi ilwa nokwakheka kwamahlule egazi angavimba ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni futhi kuholele ezifweni zenhliziyo.
Izifundo ezimbili ezisanda kushicilelwa, ezaziwa ngokuthi Khuphukani futhi FIKA , baye babuza lesi sincomo ngokungangabazeki, ikakhulukazi ezigidini zabantu abaphilile abasebenzisa i-aspirin njengendlela yokwehlisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo okokuqala noma isifo sohlangothi. Ngenxa yalezi zifundo, i-American Heart Association (AHA) kanye ne-American College of Cardiology (ACC) basanda kubuyekeza izincomo zabo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwama-aspirin nsuku zonke, bephawula ukuthi kubantu abaningi baseMelika, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala asebekhulile abanempilo nalabo abanezingozi zokopha, izingozi zidlula izinzuzo.
Kukhona ucwaningo olukhombisa ukufa okwengeziwe nokuphuma kwegazi okuningi ngaphandle kokuncipha kwemicimbi yenhliziyo kubantu abaphilile abathatha i-aspirin yansuku zonke, kusho u-Erin Michos, MD, MHS, umqondisi ohlangene wezenhliziyo zokuvimbela eJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine naye owasebenza ekomidini lokubhala Okwe Umhlahlandlela we-2019 AHA / ACC ekuVinjelweni Okuyinhloko Kwezifo Zenhliziyo . Kubantu abangenawo umlando wesifo senhliziyo noma ngaphandle kwezici ezithile zobungozi baso, ukusebenzisa ama-aspirin nsuku zonke kungenza okubi kunokulunga.
I-aspirin yansuku zonke nesifo senhliziyo
Iningi isifo senhliziyo nemivimbo ingumphumela we ukuhamba kwegazi kuvinjiwe , ngokusho kwe-AHA. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uqweqwe — into enamafutha eyenziwe nge-cholesterol, imfucumfucu yeselula, i-calcium neminye imikhiqizo — luthatha izindonga zomthambo. I-plaque inciphisa imithambo yegazi okwenza kube nzima ngegazi ukuthi lidlule. Amapuleti aqhekekile nawo angadala ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi angafaka emithanjeni yegazi futhi awavale. Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya enhliziyweni kuthinteka, kungenzeka ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kuvinjelwe, kungenzeka isifo sohlangothi.
I-Aspirin yaziwa ngokomthetho njengemithi elwa namagciwane. Ama-platelet amangqamuzana egazi amancane asiza igazi lakho. I-Aspirin inciphisa igazi futhi iphazamise indlela yokujiya kwayo, okwenza ukuthi amahlule egazi angabi bikho futhi avale imithambo. Ngenkathi ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-aspirin inganciphisa umfutho wegazi (ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kuyingcuphe yesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi), ochwepheshe bayaxwayisa ngokuthi izifundo azenziwanga kahle futhi imiphumela ibiphikisana.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ama-aspirin nsuku zonke
Oyedwa kwabahlanu abantu abahlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo esisodwa bazolaliswa esibhedlela kwesinye kungakapheli iminyaka emihlanu, kubika i-AHA. Odokotela batusa ukusetshenziswa kwe-aspirin yesilinganiso esiphansi kubantu abanomlando wesifo senhliziyo ngoba ucwaningo-okunye Izifundo ezingama-200 kubantu abangaphezu kwama-200,000 -Ikhombisa ukuthi inciphisa amathuba okuba nomcimbi wesibili wenhliziyo. Esinye sezifundo zokuqala ezikhomba ukuxhumana saphrintwa kufayela le- I-Lancet ngo-1988 futhi kwabonisa ukuthi inyanga eyodwa yokusebenzisa i-aspirin yesilinganiso esiphansi yaqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi Ukushona okungama-25 ezigulini eziyi-1 000 kanye nemicimbi ye-10-15 engazalanga yenhliziyo .
Ziyini ezinye izinzuzo ze-aspirin?
- Kubukeka kunciphisa izehlakalo zomdlavuza othile, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wamathumbu, kepha kudingeka olunye ucwaningo.
- Itholakala kabanzi futhi ayibizi kahle.
Izingozi zokusebenzisa ama-aspirin nsuku zonke
I-Aspirin ingabonakala njengesidakamizwa esingenabungozi ngokwanele, kepha, empeleni, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunemiphumela engemihle.
Ngokuya ngocwaningo olushicilelwe kulo magazini I-PLoS One, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aspirin kwandisa ingozi yomuntu yokopha emathunjini ngu 40% . Futhi ngenkathi ungacabanga ukuthi ukopha emathunjini kungcono ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo enkulu, cabanga futhi.
Ngokuqinisekile zikhona izizathu ezinhle zokuthatha i-aspirin, kodwa akusona isidakamizwa esibi ngokuphelele, amanothi UChristina Wee, MD , MPH, uprofesa osizayo wezokwelapha eHarvard Medical School kanye nombhali-mbumbulu wakamuva isihloko kushicilelwe ku-Izitatimende Zemithi Yangaphakathiekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwe-aspirin ekuvikeleni okuyinhloko kwesifo senhliziyo. Uma uneminyaka emaphakathi noma emncane futhi unempilo, isilonda esophayo kungaba yinto ongalulama kuyo. Kepha uma ubuthakathaka noma umuntu omdala osekhulile onenkinga eyisisekelo, leso silonda esopha igazi singakubangela ukuthi ulahlekelwe igazi eliningi, elinganciphisa isifo senhliziyo njengoba inhliziyo yakho manje kufanele ipompe kakhulu ukuthola igazi eliphethe umoya-mpilo. kusistimu yakho.
Ukopha emathunjini kungaba kukhulu, kunezela uDkt. Michos. Ingaholela ekushoneni kwegazi, futhi ingabeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni yakho. Ukopha akuyona into encane. Kungadala ukugula okuningi nokufa.
Ngenxa yalokhu kwanda ukopha, i Imihlahlandlela ye-AHA / ACC ekuvinjelweni okuyinhloko kwesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kushintshile maqondana nokusetshenziswa kwe-aspirin. Ngenkathi kuselulekwa ukuthi labo asebevele benesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi basebenzise i-aspirin yedosi ephansi nsuku zonke ukuvimbela omunye umcimbi wenhliziyo (ditto labo abanama-stents noma abahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa) izinto zihlukile kulabo abangenayo inhliziyo isifo. Imihlahlandlela emisha manje yeluleka ngokungasebenzisi i-aspirin ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi emaqenjini athile asengozini enkulu yokopha ngaphakathi.
Iziguli ezinobungozi obukhulu zifaka:
- labo abaneminyaka engama-70 nangaphezulu abazama ukuvimbela isifo sokuqala senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi
- labo banoma ibuphi ubudala abanezimo (ezinjengezilonda) noma abadla izidakamizwa (njengeama-anticoagulants noma ama-anti-inflammatories, noma ama-NSAIDS, njenge ibuprofen ) ezingakhuphula ingozi yabo yokopha.
Kuthiwani uma ungasitholanga isifo senhliziyo kodwa unezici ezithile eziyingozi kuso — ngokwesibonelo, uyabhema noma unesifo sikashukela? Ukusetshenziswa kwe-aspirin kungahle kufanele, kepha uzodinga usizo lukadokotela wakho ekuhloleni nasekuchazeni ubungozi bakho bangempela. Uma welulekwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ungakhathazeki ngezingozi zempilo. Ukuvimba i-aspirin ebandayo akufanele kube nezingozi, kusho uDkt. Michos.
Kufanele uthathe i-aspirin engakanani ngosuku?
Iningi lezifundo ezizungeze i-aspirin kanye nokuvinjelwa kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo kugxila ku-aspirin yedosi ephansi yansuku zonke (kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-aspirin yengane, okuyigama elingalungile ngoba izingane akufanele zivame ukuthatha i-aspirin), echazwa njengo-75-100 mg ngosuku. Ngokuya ngocwaningo olushicilelwe ku- BMJ , lo mthamo ophansi utholakale usebenza njengemithamo ephakeme ekuvikeleni ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi kwesibili.
Kepha ngaphambi kokuthola ithebhulethi, yiba nengxoxo nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Umlando wakho wezokwelapha ungakwenza ube yilungu elingalungele ukwelashwa ngama-aspirin nsuku zonke, noma udokotela wakho angacabanga ukuthi uzonikezwa kangcono ama-statins nezinye izidakamizwa ezelapha isifo senhliziyo.
Usebenzisa i-aspirin noma cha kuyinto odinga ukukhuluma ngayo nodokotela wakho, kuxwayisa uDkt Michos. Ukuthi umuthi ofana ne-aspirin uyatholakala ekhawunteni akusho ukuthi kuphephile noma kufanelekile. Xoxa ngakho konke okutholayo nodokotela wakho.