I-Phenylephrine vs. pseudoephedrine: Umehluko, ukufana, futhi okungcono kuwe
Izidakamizwa Vs. UmnganiUkubuka konke kwezidakamizwa nokwehluka okuyinhloko | Izimo zilashwa | Ukusebenza | Ukutholakala komshuwalense nokuqhathaniswa kwezindleko | Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo | Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa | Izexwayiso | Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Kunezici eziningi ezinomthelela ekucinaneni kwamakhala nasengcindezelweni yesinus, ikakhulukazi i-rhinitis yokugula yonyaka kanye nomkhuhlane ovamile. Ukucindezela kwe-Nasal ne-sinus kungaphazamisa ukuphefumula kwamakhala, kuholele ekhanda, futhi kunciphise umkhiqizo. I-Phenylephrine (i-Sudafed PE) ne-pseudoephedrine (i-Sudafed) yizinhlobo ezimbili zama-decongestants ezingasebenza ekunciphiseni ingcindezi yesono. Le mithi isebenza ngokukhuthaza ngqo ama-adrenergic receptors ephashini lamakhala, kanye nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ngenkathi zifana ngandlela thile, kukhona umehluko okhiye ongacacisa ukuthi yikuphi okulungele ukuzinciphisa okulungile kuwe.
Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine?
I-Phenylephrine (Yini i-Phenylephrine?) I-decongestant ekhaleni etholakala yodwa noma kwimikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe yamakhaza nemikhuhlane. Itholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter (OTC), futhi ayidingi incwadi kadokotela noma ukungena ngemvume kwemininingwane yokuthenga. I-Phenylephrine iyi-agonist enamandla ye-alpha-adrenergic futhi cishe ayinamsebenzi we-beta-adrenergic agonist. Ama-alpha-adrenergic receptors, lapho evuselelwa, abhekene nokucinana kwemithambo yegazi. Ama-beta-adrenergic receptors, lapho evuselelwa, anomthwalo wokuphumuza imithambo yegazi, futhi abangele nokwanda kokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngenkathi ibangela i-vasoconstriction ethile ephaseji ekhaleni enganciphisa ukucindezelwa kwesono, ibuye ibangele i-vasoconstriction kuwo wonke umzimba ongakhuphula umfutho wegazi. I-Phenylephrine iyatholakala kumalungiselelo omlomo njengethebhulethi noma uketshezi, kanye nesisombululo somjovo. Isixazululo somjovo sizofakwa kuphela esimweni sokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
I-Pseudoephedrine (Yini i-Pseudoephedrine?) I-decongestant ekhaleni etholakala yodwa noma kwimikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe yamakhaza nemikhuhlane. Itholakala ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, kepha ukuthengwa kwayo kunqunyelwe kumazinga ahlukahlukene. Isifundazwe ngasinye, ngokuhlanganiswa nemihlahlandlela yenhlangano, sinquma imikhawulo yokuthenga kubathengi bayo. Ukuthengwa kwe-pseudoephedrine kufanele kwenzeke ekhawuntareni lekhemisi nomuntu osebenza ngamakhemisi futhi kufakwe ku-database. Le mikhawulo manje ikhona ngoba i-pseudoephedrine iyisithako esiyinhloko ekukhiqizeni i-methamphetamine ngokungemthetho.
IPseudoephedrine ivuselela ama-alpha-adrenergic receptors ku-mucosa yamakhala, kanye nama-beta-adrenergic receptors kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni kwamakhala nangokuphumula komzimba, kepha futhi kuholela ekukhuleni kwenhliziyo nasekunciphiseni. Itholakala kumalungiselelo omlomo njengethebhulethi noma uketshezi, kanye nesisombululo somjovo. Isixazululo somjovo sizofakwa kuphela esimweni sokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine | ||
---|---|---|
I-Phenylephrine | I-Pseudoephedrine | |
Isigaba sezidakamizwa | I-alonist ye-alpha-adrenergic | I-alpha-adrenergic ne-beta-adrenergic agonist |
Isimo somkhiqizo / ejwayelekile | Umkhiqizo otholakalayo nojwayelekile | Umkhiqizo otholakalayo nojwayelekile |
Ngubani igama lomkhiqizo? | I-PE ehlukumezekile | Udidekile |
Izidakamizwa zingena ngaziphi izinhlobo? | Ithebhulethi ekhishwa ngokushesha, uketshezi lomlomo | Ithebhulethi ekhishwa ngokushesha, ithebhulethi ekhishwe isikhathi eside, uketshezi lomlomo |
Uyini umthamo ojwayelekile? | 10 mg njalo emahoreni amane | 60 mg njalo emahoreni amane kuya kwayisithupha |
Yelashwa isikhathi esingakanani? | Isikhathi esifushane kuze kube ukukhululeka kwezimpawu | Isikhathi esifushane kuze kube ukukhululeka kwezimpawu |
Ubani ovame ukusebenzisa umuthi? | Izingane ezineminyaka engu-12 nangaphezulu, abantu abadala | Izingane ezineminyaka engu-4 nangaphezulu ubudala, abantu abadala |
Izimo eziphathwe yi-phenylephrine vs. pseudoephedrine
Kunendlela ejojowe ye-phenylephrine evunyelwe ukwelapha i-hypotension, noma umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu, ezimweni ezihlobene nokwethuka noma i-anesthesia. Lokhu kulayishwa kuvamise ukuphathwa njengomjovo esimweni sokunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho isiguli siqashwa khona ngudokotela nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo. Ibuye isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwelebula, ngaphandle kokuvunyelwa yi-FDA, ukwelapha ischemic priapism (ukwakhiwa kwabesilisa okuhlale isikhathi eside kakhulu). Ifomu lokulinganisa elingaphezu kwamanani e-phenylephrine lisetshenziswa njenge-decongestant yamakhala.
IPseudoephedrine ivunyelwe ukwelapha ukucinana kwamakhala.
Isimo | I-Phenylephrine | I-Pseudoephedrine |
I-Hypotension | Yebo | Akunjalo |
I-Ischemic priapism | Ngaphandle kwelebula | Akunjalo |
Ukuminyana emakhaleni | Yebo | Yebo |
Ingabe i-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine isebenza kangcono?
Ngesinye isikhathi, i-pseudoephedrine empeleni yayiwukuphela kokuncipha kwamakhala emakethe. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukuthengiswa komkhiqizo kuqala ukuvinjelwa, abenzi babheka ukulungisa imikhiqizo yabo ngesinye isithako esisebenzayo ukuze bakwazi ukuhlala emashalofini ezitolo futhi bathengwe kalula. I-Phenylephrine yabe isiyi-decongestant yomlomo etholakala kwimikhiqizo engathengwa ngaphandle kokuya kwikhawunta yekhemisi ukuze ukuthenga kwakho kungene kusokhemisi.
Ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kwe-phenylephrine kukhuthaze abacwaningi ukuthi bahlole ukuthi imiphumela yayo yokuqeda amandla ibinamandla njengaleyo ye-pseudoephedrine. Kulawulwa ngokungahleliwe, nge-placebo funda , iziguli ezine-rhinitis eyaliwa yisizini zivezwe impova yotshani eVienna Challenge Chamber. Bathole i-phenylephrine, i-pseudoephedrine, noma i-placebo yokunciphisa izimpawu zabo zokuxinana. Ucwaningo luphethe ngokuthi awukho umehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwe-phenylephrine ne-placebo. Kodwa-ke, i-pseudoephedrine inikeze umehluko omkhulu ekunciphiseni kwamakhala uma kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo kanye ne-phenylephrine. Le miphumela iphakamisa ukuthi i-pseudoephedrine yi-decongestant ephakeme yamakhala.
Abanye abacwaningi banayo uzwakalise ukukhathazeka ukuthi isifiso sethu sokunciphisa ukwenziwa kwe-methamphetamine ngokuvimba ukuthengiswa kwe-pseudoephedrine kuholele ekutheni umkhiqizo ophansi (phenylephrine) usetshenziswe kabanzi endaweni yawo.
Izikhathi eziningi, ukwelashwa kwe-rhinitis kanye nengcindezi yesinasi kungasebenza kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa amanye ama-ejenti ngokuhlangana. Ama-antihistamine, ngokwesibonelo, azonciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus futhi angakhuphula imiphumela yama-decongestants acinene.
Ukuphakama nokuqhathaniswa kwezindleko kwe-phenylephrine vs. pseudoephedrine
I-Phenylephrine efomini yayo yomlomo, e-the-counter ayidingi incwadi kadokotela. Imvamisa ayihlanganiswa yiMedicare noma ezinye izinhlelo zomshuwalense wezohwebo. Izindleko ezijwayelekile ze-PE e-Sudafed cishe zingama- $ 6- $ 8 lapho zithengwa ekhawunteni, kepha uma udokotela wakho ebhala incwadi kadokotela, ungakwazi ukuyigcwalisa ekhemisi ngemali ephansi njengo- $ 5.96 ngesigqebhezana esivela kwa-SingleCare.
I-Pseudoephedrine, yize ivinjelwe ukuthenga ekhemisi, nayo iyisidakamizwa se-OTC. Uma udokotela wakho ebhala incwadi kadokotela ye-pseudoephedrine, uzokwazi ukuthola inani abakunikeza lona noma ngabe liphakeme kunomkhawulo wombuso wokuthengwa kwamathenda.
I-Pseudoephedrine ngokuvamile ayimboziwe yi-Medicare noma ezinye izinhlelo zomshuwalense wezentengiso, noma ngabe abambalwa abakhethiwe kungenzeka uma kubhalwe incwadi kadokotela. Izindleko ezijwayelekile zamathebulethi angama-24 we-Sudafed 30 mg amabanga ukusuka ku- $ 6- $ 10 lapho uthengwa ekhawunteni Uma udokotela wakho ebhala incwadi kadokotela, ungakwazi ukugcwalisa okujwayelekile ekhemisi ngemali ephansi njengo- $ 2.53 ngesigqebhezana esivela kwa-SingleCare .
I-Phenylephrine | I-Pseudoephedrine | |
Ngokuvamile embozwe umshwalense? | Akunjalo | Akunjalo |
Imbozwe ngokujwayelekile yi-Medicare? | Akunjalo | Akunjalo |
Umthamo ojwayelekile | 18, 10 mg amaphilisi | 24, 30 mg amaphilisi |
I-Medicare copay ejwayelekile | n / a | n / a |
Izindleko ze-SingleCare | $ 6 + | $ 2- $ 5 |
Thola ikhadi lesaphulelo se-SingleCare
Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-phenylephrine vs. pseudoephedrine
I-Phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine zombili zingama-adrenergic agonists futhi zinemiphumela emibi efanayo, yize umehluko wazo kubumbano lwe-alpha- ne-beta-adrenergic receptors zibhekele umehluko othile.
I-Phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine ziyaziwa ukuthi zibangela ukukhathazeka, isiyezi, ikhanda, ukuqwasha, ukwethuka nokungahlaliseki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pseudoephedrine ibhalwe ukuthi ibangela i-tachycardia, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia, ukubona okungacacile, ne-anorexia. Kunzima ukuchaza ukuthi le miphumela emibi ingenzeka kaningi kangakanani.
Iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo ezaziwayo akufanele zisebenzise i-pseudoephedrine ngaphandle kokuholwa udokotela wazo.
Ithebula elilandelayo alihloselwe ukuthi libe uhlu oluphelele lwemiphumela emibi. Kufanele uthintane nosokhemisi noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthola uhlu oluphelele.
I-Phenylephrine | I-Pseudoephedrine | |||
Imiphumela emibi | Kusebenza? | Imvamisa | Kusebenza? | Imvamisa |
Ukukhathazeka | Yebo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Isiyezi | Yebo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ubuhlungu bekhanda | Yebo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ukuqwasha | Yebo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ukwesaba | Yebo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ukungahlaliseki | Yebo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
I-Tachycardia | Akunjalo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ukushaya kancane | Akunjalo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ama-arrhythmias enhliziyo | Akunjalo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Ukubona okufiphele | Akunjalo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
I-Anorexy | Akunjalo | Akuchaziwe | Yebo | Akuchaziwe |
Umthombo: I-DailyMed (i-phenylephrine) I-DailyMed (i-pseudoephedrine)
Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa kwe-phenylephrine vs. pseudoephedrine
I-Phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine zinephrofayili efanayo yokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa ngenxa yemiphumela yazo ye-adrenergic kuma-alpha nakwa-beta receptors. I-Alpha-blockers, efana ne-tamsulosin, ingahle inciphise izakhiwo ze-vasoconstrictive zombili ama-decongestants ezenza zingasebenzi kahle.
Ama-inhibitor e-MAO, afana ne-selegiline, nama-ergot, afana ne-bromocriptine, angahle athuthukise imiphumela ephezulu ye-decongestants. Lokhu kungabhekisa kumuntu onomfutho wegazi ophakeme okungenzeka ukuthi ucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwe-decongestant. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine enama-MAO inhibitors noma ama-ergot derivatives kuyaphikiswa.
Uhlu olulandelayo aluhloselwe ukuba luhlu oluphelele lwako konke ukuhlangana okungaba khona kwezidakamizwa. Sicela uxhumane nosokhemisi noma udokotela wakho ukuthola uhlu oluphelele nolwazi oluthe xaxa.
Izidakamizwa | Isigaba Sezidakamizwa | I-Phenylephrine | I-Pseudoephedrine |
I-Alfuzosin I-Doxazosin I-Terazosin I-Tamsulosin | I-Alpha-1 blocker | Yebo | Yebo |
ICarvedilol I-Labetalol UNadolol | Abavimbela i-Beta | Yebo | Yebo |
USelegiline I-Phenelzine | I-MAO Inhibitors | Yebo | Yebo |
I-Ergotamine I-Bromocriptine | Ama-alkaloids atholakalayo | Yebo | Yebo |
IMethyldopa Hlanganisa kabusha | Ama-antihypertensives | Yebo | Yebo |
I-Atomoxetine | Iyakhetha i-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors | Yebo | Yebo |
Amitriptyline I-Clomipramine I-Doxepin I-Nortriptyline | I-Tricyclic antidepressants | Yebo | Yebo |
Izexwayiso ze-phenylephrine vs. pseudoephedrine
I-Phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine ziyatholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela futhi ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezidakamizwa eziphephile. Ngenxa yemiphumela yabo ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo, iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo senhliziyo akufanele zisebenzise le mithi ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile kudokotela wazo. Le mithi yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana ukuze kukhululwe i-acute rhinitis kanye nengcindezi yesono. Iziguli ezihlangabezana nalezi zimpawu isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, noma ezenza umkhuhlane, kufanele zibonane nodokotela.
I-Phenylephrine in isigaba sokukhulelwa C okusho ukuthi izifundo ezilwaneni zikhombise imiphumela emibi embungwini. Lapho umuthi ungowesigaba C, kungahle kube nezimo ezithile lapho inzuzo esigulini esikhulelwe idlula ingozi, futhi i-phenylephrine akufanele isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwemvume kudokotela wakho. IPseudoephedrine isigaba sokukhulelwa B okusho ukuthi izifundo zezilwane azikhombisanga imiphumela emibi embungwini. I-Pseudoephedrine ibhekwa njengephephile ukuyithatha lapho ukhulelwe ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. I-Pseudoephedrine kufanele, noma kunjalo, igwenywe ku-trimester yokuqala.
Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo mayelana ne-phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine
Yini i-phenylephrine?
I-Phenylephrine iyi-decentant ekhaleni engaphezulu kwe-counter etholakala kumathebulethi angu-5 mg no-10 mg, kanye nesisombululo somlomo. Iphinde itholakale ngendlela ejojoweyo esetshenziswa kuphela esimweni sokungeniswa kweziguli ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngomfutho wegazi ophansi. IPhenylephrine ingathengwa ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa noma ukungena ngemvume kolwazi lomthengi.
Yini ipseudoephedrine?
I-Pseudoephedrine iyi-decalantant ekhaleni engaphezulu kwe-counter etholakala kumathebulethi angama-30 mg kanye nama-60 mg, kanye namaphilisi wokukhishwa okwandisiwe ka-120 mg kanye no-240 mg. Iphinde itholakale njengesisombululo somlomo. Ukuthengwa kwe-pseudoephedrine kufanele kwenziwe ekhemisi futhi imininingwane yokuthenga kufanele ifakwe ku-database. Imikhawulo yokuthenga isethwe yimihlahlandlela yombuso neyenhlangano.
Ngabe i-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine iyafana?
I-Phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine womabili angama-adrenergic agonists. I-Phenylephrine ngokuyinhloko ihlotshaniswa nama-alpha-adrenergic receptors kuphela, kuyilapho i-pseudoephedrine inobumbano lwazo zombili i-alpha- ne-beta-adrenergic receptors. Amaphrofayili womthelela wabo ohlangothini afana kakhulu.
Ngabe i-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine ingcono?
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-pseudoephedrine iyi-decongestant esebenza kahle kakhulu kune-phenylephrine. Imiphumela ye-phenylephrine yokuqeda amandla ingahle yehluke kakhulu kunaleyo ye-placebo. Imiphumela yazo zombili lezi zidakamizwa ingangezelelwa ngokusetshenziswa okufanayo kweminye imikhiqizo ethinta i-rhinitis, efana nama-antihistamines.
Ngingayisebenzisa i-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine ngenkathi ngikhulelwe?
I-Phenylephrine akufanele isetshenziswe lapho ukhulelwe ngaphandle kokuthi inzuzo kumama idlula ingozi. I-Pseudoephedrine ibhekwa njengephephile ukuyithatha ngemuva kwe-trimester yokuqala. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha i-decongestant yamakhala lapho ukhulelwe.
Ngingasebenzisa i-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine ngotshwala?
I-Phenylephrine ne-pseudoephedrine kuphephile ukuthatha uma uphuza utshwala.
Ingabe i-phenylephrine iyashukumisa?
I-Phenylephrine ivuselela ama-alpha-adrenergic receptors angenza ukuthi ibhekane nemiphumela evuselelayo yesistimu yezinzwa njengokungahlaliseki, ukukhathazeka nokuqwasha. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kungenzeka kungabangeli imiphumela kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi i-pseudoephedrine yenze, noma kunjalo.
Ngubani ongafanele athathe i-phenylephrine?
Iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo esivele sikhona, noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo akufanele zithathe i-phenylephrine ngaphandle kwemvume kudokotela wazo. Kunezinye izinketho zokuqeda amandla, njengezifutho zamakhala, ezingaba ezifanele kakhulu kulesi sibalo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele babonane nodokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-phenylephrine.
Ingabe i-phenylephrine iyi-decongestant enhle?
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-phenylephrine ingaphansi, noma ayisebenzi kahle, i-decongestant kune-pseudoephedrine. Eqinisweni, kungahle kunganikeli nzuzo kunaleyo ye-placebo.