Imithi engu-8 edala ukuqunjelwa

Imfundo Yezempilo

Izimpawu zokuqunjelwa nezimbangela | Imithi edala ukuqunjelwa | Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuqunjelwa | Ukwelashwa kokuqunjelwa

Ukuqunjelwa kuyinkinga ejwayelekile yokugaya ukudla. Cishe 16% labantu base-United States nengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 bakhala ngokuqunjelwa okungapheli. Phakathi kuka-2006 no-2011, ukuqunjelwa kwaba ngaphezu kuka- 700,000 uya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo.

Izimpawu zokuqunjelwa zihlanganisa:

• Ngaphansi kokuhamba kwamathumbu amathathu ngesonto
• Izitulo ezincane, ezinzima, ezomile okunzima noma okubuhlungu ukuzidlula
• Isidingo sokucindezela ngokweqile ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu

Abanye abantu baba nobuhlungu esiswini sabo lapho bequnjelwa, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla. Abanye bangaba nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuphathwa ikhanda noma ukuzizwa bengaphilile.

Kuningi izimbangela zokuqunjelwa , kufaka phakathi:

• Ukudla okune-fiber encane (ikakhulukazi ukudla okunenyama, ubisi noma ushizi)
• Ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni
• Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi
• Ukuziba noma ukubambezela isifiso sokuzikhulula
• Ukuhamba nokuhlela izinguquko
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-laxative
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle eduze kwendunu
• Umdlavuza ocacile
• Ukukhulelwa
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezinjenge-irritable bowel syndrome, i-diverticulosis, i-hypothyroidism, amazinga aphezulu e-calcium, i-multiple sclerosis, isifo sika-Parkinson, nokulimala komgogodla

Ukuqunjelwa futhi kungaba nomphumela oseceleni wemithi oyiphuzayo. Ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yimithi kuvame kakhulu kulezi zinsuku, ngokusho kwe- UBryan Curtin, MD , umqondisi we-neurogastroenterology kanye ne-motility, eMercy Medical Center. Abantu bathatha imishanguzo eminingi kunakuqala, futhi ngoba imithi eminingi inephrofayili ebanzi, ukunquma odokotela bavame ukungakunaki ukuqunjelwa njengomphumela obalulekile uma kuqhathaniswa neminye ebucayi kakhulu. Akuvamile ukuthi abantu babe semithini eminingana noma emihlanu engase ibhebhethekise ukuqunjelwa, futhi lokhu akubandakanyi ngisho nama-opioid, angalimaza ngokuphelele ipheshana le-GI.

Ukuqunjelwa kungakhathaza, kepha kungaholela futhi izinkinga njenge:

• Ama-hemorrhoids
• Ukopha okweqile
• Ukuqhekeka komchamo
• I-Rectal prolapse
• Ukungenwa indle

Lapho izindlela zokulondolozwa kwemvelo, njengokushintsha kokudla, ukwanda kwe-hydration, kanye ne-laxatives yasesitolo kwehlulekile, iziguli kufanele zibonwe ngudokotela oyinhloko noma i-gastroenterologist, kusho uDkt Curtin. Lokhu kuyiqiniso, ikakhulukazi uma ukuqunjelwa kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile, njengesicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukwehla kwesisindo okungalindelekile.

Imithi engu-8 edala ukuqunjelwa

1. Ubuhlungu be-opioid buyadambisa
2. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)
3. Ama-antihistamine
4. I-Tricyclic antidepressants
5. Imishanguzo yokungasebenzi kwe-Urinary
6. Izithako zensimbi
7. Imishanguzo yegazi
8. Imithi yokulwa nesicanucanu

1. Ubuhlungu be-opioid buyadambisa

Ebizwa nangokuthi ama-narcotic, ama-opioid alapha ubuhlungu obunzima futhi obungathuthukile neminye, imishanguzo yobuhlungu obukhulu. Ziyasebenza ekudambiseni izinhlungu, kepha zingaba umkhuba futhi zibe nezinga eliphezulu lokuhlukunyezwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele usebenzise ama-opioid kuphela ngaphansi kokunakekelwa okuqondile kochwepheshe bezempilo. Ukunciphisa izinhlungu ze-opioid ngokujwayelekile kubandakanya:

• I-Tylenol ene-codeine (i-acetaminophen-codeine)
• I-Duragesic (i-fentanyl transdermal)
• I-Lorcet, i-Vicodin, i-Norco (i-hydrocodone)
• I-Dilaudid (i-hydromorphone)
• I-Demerol (meperidine)
• I-Morphine
• I-Oxycontin (oxycodone)
• I-Percocet (i-oxycodone-acetaminophen)
• I-Ultram (tramadol)

Iziguli eziningi kuma-opioid ezizwa ubuhlungu obungapheli ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid (OIC.) Ithathwa njengenkinga yokugaya ukudla evelele futhi ingenye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu yama-opioid. Kungakhubaza futhi kuyisizathu esivamile sokuthi abantu bayeke ukuthatha imishanguzo, ngokusho kwe-a Umbiko ushicilelwe ngo-2019 . Cabanga ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungaqala yini ukusebenzisa i-laxative ngasikhathi sinye njenge-opioid.

2. Ama-NSAID

Ama-NSAID yimithi ebekwe kakhulu yokwelapha izimo ezifana ne-arthritis, ngokusho kwe I-American Academy Yabahlinzayo Bama-Orthopedic . Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, nobuhlungu obumnene kuya kokuphakathi. Lesi sigaba semithi sifaka:

• I-Aspirin
• I-Motrin, Advil (ibuprofen)
• U-Aleve, uNaprosyn (naproxen)
• I-Celebrex (celecoxib)

3. Ama-antihistamine

Ama-antihistamine anciphisa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Uma uxabana nokuthile, umzimba wakho ukhipha ama-histamines abangela isiminyaminya, ikhala eligobayo, ukuthimula, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu emakhaleni, isifuba, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, noma amehlo alumayo futhi agijimayo. Ama-antihistamine ajwayelekile e-over-the-counter (OTC) afaka:

• I-Chlor-Trimeton (i-chlorpheniramine)
• I-Unisom (diphenhydramine noma i-doxylamine)
• I-Vicks QlearQuil Relief ye-Nighttime Allergy Relief (diphenhydramine)
• I-Claritin (loratadine)
• I-Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
• I-Allegra (fexofenadine)
• I-Zyrtec (cetirizine)
• I-Xyzal (levocetirizine)

4. I-Tricyclic antidepressants

I-Tricyclic antidepressants yisigaba semithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka. Zisebenza ngokwandisa amazinga e-norepinephrine ne-serotonin futhi zivimba isenzo se-acetylcholine. Ngokulinganisa la ma-neurotransmitters amathathu, ama-tricyclic antidepressants aqeda ukudangala. Kunemithi emisha yokucindezeleka enemiphumela emibi embalwa; noma kunjalo, lawa ma-tricyclic antidepressants asebenza kangcono kwabanye abantu. Eminye imikhiqizo ejwayelekile ifaka phakathi:

• I-Tofranil (imipramine)
• I-Vivactil (protriptyline)
• U-Elavil (amitriptyline)
• I-Pamelor (nortriptyline)

5. Imishanguzo yokungasebenzi ngomchamo

Imithi ye-Urinary incontinence yelapha isinye esisebenza ngokweqile nezinye izimo ezingadala ukuvuza kwesinye noma ukuchama kaningi. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa; noma kunjalo, kungenzeka nakumadoda. Ngenye yezimo ezivame kakhulu ukubonwa enkambisweni yokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, ngokusho kwe- I-American Academy Yodokotela Bomndeni .

Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ama-spasms wesinye noma ukuthambisa imisipha yodonga lwesinye, ukuyivumela ukuthi ibambe umchamo omningi futhi ingabi nalutho ngokugcwele. Eminye yemithi echazwe njalo yokuchayeka kokuchama ibandakanya:

• I-Ditropan, i-Ditropan XL (i-oxybutynin)
• I-Detrol, Detrol LA (i-tolterodine)
• I-Enablex (darifenacin)
• I-Myrbetriq (mirabegron)
• I-Flomax (tamsulosin)

6. Izithasiselo zensimbi

Izithasiselo ze-Iron zilapha ukushoda kwegazi nokushoda kwensimbi. Ayatholakala ngaphezulu kwekhawunta. Izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa njalo zensimbi kuma-supplements zifaka:

• I-FeroSul (i-ferrous sulfate)
• I-Ferate (ayoni i-gluconate)
• I-Ferric citrate
• I-Ferric sulfate

7. Imishanguzo yegazi

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yomfutho wegazi edala ukuqunjelwa: ama-calcium channel blockers kanye ne-beta blockers. Ama-block wesiteshi se-calcium asebenza ngokuvula imithambo yegazi, eyehlisa umzamo inhliziyo yakho okufanele iwenze ukumpompa igazi. Ama-beta blockers asebenza ngokwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, ehlisa umfutho wegazi.

Ama-block block wesiteshi seCalcium afaka:

• INorvasc (amlodipine)
• I-Plendil (felodipine)
• I-Cardene (nicardipine)
• I-Adalat CC, iProcardia XL (nifedipine)
• I-Cardizem, Tiazac, Dilt-XR (diltiazem)

Ama-beta blocker ajwayelekile afaka:

• I-Lopressor, iTrolrol XL (metoprolol)
• I-Tenormin (atenolol)
• I-Corgard (nadolol)
• Inderal (propranolol)

8. Imithi yokulwa nesicanucanu

Ebizwa nangokuthi i-anti-emetics, imishanguzo yokulwa nesicanucanu ivimba izindlela ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni wakho ezibangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Abaphikisi beSerotonin (5-HT3)
• Abaphikisi be-NK-1
• Abamelene ne-Dopamine
• Ama-cannabinoids

Imithi ejwayelekile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isicanucanu ifaka phakathi:

• I-Zofran (ondansetron)
• I-Reglan (metoclopramide)
• Hlela (i-aprepitant, fosaprepitant)
• I-Tigan (trimethobenzamide)
• I-Marinol (dronabinol)
• I-Syndros (dronabinol)

Thola ikhadi lesaphulelo se-SingleCare

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yimithi

Akuwona wonke umuntu ozoqunjelwa lapho esebenzisa le mithi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele wazi ngemiphumela engemihle engaba khona nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuvimbela ukuqunjelwa.

Ngokuvamile, ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi unamanzi amaningi, hhayi ikhofi noma iziphuzo ezinekhabhoni, kusho uDkt Curtin. Ufuna futhi ukuba nenani elinempilo le-fiber ekudleni kwakho bese uzama ukunciphisa ukudla okusetshenzisiwe. Kuyafaneleka ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi kukhona yini amanye ama-ejenti. Ama-calcium block blockers, asetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, njenge-diltiazem, ngokwesibonelo, aziwa kakhulu ngokubangela ukuqunjelwa. Uma kunesinye isigaba semithi esingalapha inkinga yezempilo eyisisekelo, kufanele okungenani unikezwe inketho.

Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezithile ezilula ze-nonpharmacologic zokuvimbela ukuqunjelwa.

Yidla ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu

Faka ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu ekudleni kwakho, njenge:

• Imifino : Ama-lentile, ubhontshisi wezinso, uphizi ohlukanisiwe, amantongomane, ubhontshisi omnyama, ubhontshisi we-lima
• Imifino Amaqathi, ama-beet, i-broccoli, i-artichokes, amahlumela aseBrussels, i-kale, isipinashi, utamatisi, ubhatata
• Izithelo : Ama-apula, umlimi unquma, amapheya, ama-strawberry, ukwatapheya, amajikijolo, ubhanana
• Izinhlamvu : Quinoa, oats, popcorn, nanoma yikuphi okunye okusanhlamvu okuphelele
• Amantongomane nembewu : Ama-alimondi, imbewu ye-chia, ukhukhunathi, ama-pistachio, ama-walnuts, imbewu ye-sunflower, imbewu yamathanga
• UD ushokoledi womkhumbi : Okuqukethwe yi-cocoa okungu-70% kuya ku-95% noma ngaphezulu

Uma ukudla kwakho kungaphansi kwe-fiber, futhi ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokungeza i-fiber supplement.

Phuza uketshezi oluningi

Amanzi adlala indima enkulu ekugcineni umzimba wakho uphilile. Kubalulekile ukugcina udoti ugeleza emathunjini. Yize iningi labantu lizwile ukuthi kufanele uphuze izingilazi zamanzi eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku, kungenzeka ungadingi ukudla okuningi kangako. Izinkomishi ezine kuya kweziyisithupha zamanzi ngosuku ngokuvamile zanele abantu abaphilile, ngokusho IHarvard Health .

Eminye imithi ikwenza ugcine amanzi, futhi ezinye izimo zezempilo zidinga ukuthi unciphise ukungena kwakho kuketshezi. Uma uthatha imishanguzo ebangela ukuqunjelwa, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokuthi kufanele uphuze amanzi angakanani.

Vocavoca umzimba njalo

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kunganciphisa isikhathi esidinga ukudla ukuhamba emathunjini amakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuzivocavoca nge-aerobic kusheshisa ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo, okuvuselela ukusikwa okungokwemvelo kwemisipha yamathumbu, kugudluze izitulo kuphume amathumbu ngokushesha.

Lalela umzimba wakho

Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo ukutshela uma sekuyisikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Abanye abantu bazama ukuyibamba baze babe sekhaya noma endlini yangasese bebodwa. Ukuziba lesi sifiso kungadala ukuqunjelwa, ngokusho kwe- Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuguga .

Sungula imikhuba ejwayelekile yamathumbu

Ukuqeqeshwa kabusha kwamathumbu kungenye yezindlela zokusungula inqubo. Isikhathi esihle sokunyakaza kwamathumbu imizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengama-40 ngemuva kokudla. Zama ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu nsuku zonke ngasikhathi sinye. Ukukhuthaza kwedijithali kungasiza. Sebenzisa le ndlela nsuku zonke uze wenze isimiso.

Yini engingayithatha ukuze ngiqunjelwe?

Ngaphezu kokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, kukhona imishanguzo yokuthenga kanye nemithi kadokotela yokuqeda ukuqunjelwa. Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, kubalulekile ukuthi ufune izeluleko zochwepheshe bezokwelapha kudokotela noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ama-laxatives. Njalo funda umhlahlandlela wemithi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma iyiphi yale mikhiqizo elandelayo. Ngenkathi kunemithi ebanga ukuqunjelwa, eminye ingadala ezinye izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, njengokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuhlanza nokuhuda. Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uhlaselwa yisisu, ngoba kungaba wuphawu lokushaywa indle.

Ama-laxatives angaphezulu kwekhawunta

Ama-laxatives asuselwa ku-fiber , ebizwa nangokuthi ama-bulk formers, yandisa amanzi ezindlini zakho ukuze zithambe. Ama-laxatives ajwayelekile asuselwa ku-fiber afaka:

• I-FiberCon (i-calcium polycarbophil)
• ICitrucel (imethylcellulose fiber)
• I-Metamucil, Konsyl (psyllium)
• Umhlomuli (ukolweni dextrin)

Izithambisi zendle , ebizwa nangokuthi i-emollient laxatives, engeza umswakama ezindlini zakho ukwenza kube lula ukuzidlulisa. Izithambisi ezivame ukusetshenziswa esitokisini zifaka:

• IColace, iDulcolax Stool Softener (i-docusate sodium)

Ama-laxatives ashukumisayo sebenza ngokuvuselela izinzwa emgudwini wakho wokugaya ukudla, kuvuse imisipha emathunjini akho amakhulu ukuba ungene, uphushe isitulo sakho. Ama-laxatives avuselelayo avame ukufaka:

• ICorrectol, iDucodyl, iDulcolax (bisacodyl)
• I-Ex-Lax, iSenokot (sennosides)

Ama-laxatives e-Osmotic donsa amanzi ezicutshini ezizungezile ungene emgudwini wakho wokugaya ukudla ukuze kube lula esitobhini ukudlula emathunjini. Ama-laxatives e-osmotic asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka:

• Ubisi lweMagnesia (i-magnesium hydroxide)
• I-Miralax (i-polyethylene glycol 3350)

Imithi kadokotela yokuqunjelwa

Kubantu abaningi, ukwenza izinguquko kwimpilo yabo nokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokuthenga ezitolo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqunjelwa. Imikhuba yamathumbu yawo wonke umuntu yehlukile nokho. Isibonelo, isiguli esisodwa singase sijwayele ukunyakaza kwamathumbu kanye-noma ngaphezulu ngosuku kanti esinye isiguli singasetshenziselwa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Odokotela ngokwejwayelekile chaza ukuqunjelwa njengokuhamba kwamathumbu amathathu noma ambalwa ngesonto. Endabeni yokuqunjelwa noma ukuqunjelwa okungamahlalakhona, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangahle banikeze omunye wale mithi kadokotela elandelayo:

• I-Cephulac, Kristalose (lactulose)
• I-Linzess (linaclotide)
• I-Trulance (plecanatide)
• I-Motegrity (prucalopride)

Imithi kadokotela yokuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid ifaka phakathi:

• I-Movantik (naloxegol)
• Isixhumi (methylnaltrexone)
• I-Amitiza (lubiprostone)
• I-Symproic (naldemedine)