Esikwaziyo ngama-sequelae kanye nezimpawu ze-COVID-19 eziqhubekayo

Imfundo Yezempilo

Kuningi esingakakuqondi mayelana ne-COVID-19, isifo esibangelwe yigciwane le-SARS-CoV-2 eliqale eWuhan, eChina, ngo-2019 saphenduka ubhadane lomhlaba wonke. Ngoba le coronavirus yigciwane lenoveli (igciwane elingazange likhonjwe phambilini), ososayensi nabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo basesezigabeni zokuqala zokuqonda imiphumela yaso emzimbeni. Kepha, ucwaningo olusha lwembula okuningi nsuku zonke.

Enye indawo ethola ukunakwa kakhulu yizimpawu zesikhathi eside, noma eziqhubekayo (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-sequelae), abanye abantu abazithola ku-COVID-19 ngemuva kokululama ku-virus. Kufanele ukhathazeke kangakanani nge-coronavirus sequelae? Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimpawu zakudala ze-COVID-19.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-COVID-19 futhi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ekuqaleni, izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-COVID-19 zifakiwe:

• Imfiva
• Khwehlela
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Ochwepheshe selokhu bandile kulolu hlu ukufaka lezi zinkomba ezingeziwe:

• Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma bomzimba
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukukhathala
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka (ageusia)
• Ukulahlekelwa iphunga (anosmia)
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Ukuminyana noma ikhala eligijimayo
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Uhudo

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezingu-14 ngemuva kokuchayeka kuleligciwane , ngokusho kwe-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Isikhathi sezimpawu singaba kuze kube amasonto amabili ngamacala amancane futhi kuze kube amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu ngamacala abucayi . Okuya kube sobala, nokho, ukuthi ezinye iziguli nazo zingathola i-coronavirus sequelae, noma izinkinga ezihlala njalo eziqhubeka kude nalesi sikhathi esinqunyiwe.

Yini ama-coronavirus sequelae?

I-Sequelae igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza umphumela wesifo, isimo, noma ukulimala. Noma yikuphi ukutheleleka ngegciwane kungadala i-post-virus syndrome, okubandakanya izimpawu eziqhubekayo (noma i-sequelae) isikhathi eside ngemuva kokulwa nokutheleleka. Ziyini lezo zimpawu — futhi uma uzohlangabezana nazo nhlobo — zingahluka, futhi kungancika ezingcupheni noma ekuphenduleni komzimba wakho.

I-Sequelae ingahle ivame kakhulu kwizifo ze-coronavirus. Isibonelo, ngemuva kwe-isifo sokuphefumula kakhulu (SARS) ukugqashuka kuka 2002-2003, isifundo esisodwa sitholakele ukuthi abantu abangenwe yileli gciwane babike ukuthi bazizwa bekhathele, ubuthakathaka bemisipha nezinkinga zokulala kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu kamuva. Ubufakazi bokuqala bukhombisa ukuthi izimpawu ezifanayo zinganamathela nakwezinye iziguli ze-COVID-19.

UDkt. Anthony Fauci, umqondisi weNIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, ubelokhu ekhuluma ngobungozi be-post-virus syndrome ne-COVID-19. Ngesikhathi se- isithangami sabezindaba , ukhombise ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-COVID-19 enzima babhekana nenkungu yobuchopho, ukukhathala, ubunzima bokugxila okubathintayo amasonto amaningi ngemuva kokululama kwezinye izimpawu.

Ucwaningo lukhawulelwe nge-COVID-19 nange-post-virus syndrome, kepha ngokusho kwe- incwadi evela ku- Ijenali ye-American Medical Association , Iziguli ezingama-87% kweziyi-143 ebezihlale zisesibhedlela eRome, e-Italy, zibike ukuthi zithola okungenani uphawu olulodwa oluphikelelayo izinyanga ezimbili noma ngaphezulu; ikakhulukazi ukukhathala noma ukuphefumula kanzima.

Ubani ozobhekana ne-coronavirus sequelae?

Kungaba nzima ukuqagela ukuthi ngubani ozohlangabezana nezimpawu ezisalele, nokuthi ngubani ongeke. Ucwaningo lusavela, futhi akukho ukuvumelana phakathi kodokotela abelapha iziguli ze-COVID-19.

Esikufundile nge-SARS-CoV-2, kuze kube manje, ukuthi i-post-virus syndrome ayijwayelekile, ikakhulukazi kulabo abalaliswe esibhedlela ngenxa yobukhulu besifo sabo, labo abanezimo esezikhona (okungukuthi, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu , njll), futhi okungenzeka kube ngobulili besifazane, kusho uRobert Quigley, MD, udokotela wezifo zomzimba kanye nephini likamongameli omkhulu kanye nomqondisi wezokwelapha wesifunda I-SOS Yomhlaba Wonke .

IMagdalena Cadet, MD ,isazi samathambo esisebenza eNew York nesisebenza nabo e-NYU Langone Medical Center sithi sidlulela ngalabo abanamacala abucayi. Izinkinga ezihlala isikhathi eside azihlali zihlotshaniswa neziguli ezazinezifo ezimbi noma zilaliswa esibhedlela, kusho uDkt Cadet. I-Sequelae yalesi sifo ibonakale kubantu abanezimo eziphansi ze-COVID-19.

Ngamanye amagama, akukakabonakali ukuthi ngubani othintwa yi-sequelae.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-coronavirus sequelae?

Ngenkathi abantu abaningi bezolulama ngokugcwele kusuka ku-COVID-19, kunezimpawu ezithile ezilindile abantu okufanele bazi ngazo. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi leli yigciwane lenoveli (okusho ukuthi akukaze kubonwe ngaphambili) futhi siyaqhubeka nokufunda futhi sinokuningi esingakufunda ngalo, kusho uDkt Quigley. Esikufundile kuze kube manje, izimpawu eziqhubekayo zingenzeka futhi zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Imfiva
• Ukukhathala
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma bomzimba
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• Ubuthakathaka
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Kunzima ukugxila (noma inkungu yobuchopho)
• Ukungakwazi ukugxila
• Imemori encishisiwe
• Isicanucanu, isilungulela, noma ukuhlanza
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Kunzima ukulala
• Ukulahlekelwa isikhathi eside kokunambitha noma kwephunga
• Ukulahleka kwezinwele
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile

UDkt Cadet uzibonile lezi zimpawu kwezinye iziguli ze-COVID-19.Abakwazi nje ukubuyisa amandla abo wangaphambili noma izinga lomsebenzi we-pre-COVID-19 state infection, uthi. Kunabantu abathile abangahle babe nokulimala kwezinso okuhlala isikhathi eside, amahlule egazi, noma ezinye izinkinga zemithambo yegazi nesikhumba kanye nokwehla komfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme).

Mina n Ngaphezu kwe-post-virus syndrome, i-COVID-19 ingadala ukulimala komzimba isikhathi eside. Ngokocwaningo oluthile , I-COVID-19 ingaba nemiphumela ehlala njalo enhliziyweni. Ocwaningweni, kubantu abayi-100 abasanda kululama ku-COVID-19 futhi bathola ama-MRIs, abayi-78 bakhombise ukubandakanyeka kwenhliziyo, kanti abangama-60 babenezimpawu zokuvuvukala kwemyocardial; ezazizimele ngezimo ezazikhona ngaphambilini. Ubufakazi bubonisa futhi ukuthi i-COVID-19 ingaholela ekulimaleni okungapheli emaphashini, kufaka phakathi i-post-COVID fibrosis.

Izothatha isikhathi esingakanani i-coronavirus sequelae?

Kungase kube kusesekuseni kakhulu ukutshela. Ngeshwa, amathuba nesikhathi esibekiwe sokuthola izimpawu ezisalele, phakathi kwalabo abathole i-COVID-19 futhi bayalulama, cishe akunakwenzeka ukubikezela, kusho uDkt Quigley. Kodwa-ke, uthi ngokunye ukutheleleka ngamagciwane labo abathola i- [post-virus syndrome] ngokuvamile bayathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yini ebangela i-coronavirus sequelae?

Kunezimfihlakalo eziningi ezisazungeze imiphumela yesifo senoveli coronavirus, kepha abacwaningi nososayensi baqala ukwenza izibikezelo zokuthi kungani ukutheleleka kukaSARS-COV-2 kungahle kuthinte abanye abantu kubi kakhulu kunabanye, futhi kubonakala lapho kungaba ukuxhumana nokuvuvukala okungabangelwa yi-COVID-19.

Ososayensi manje sebazi ukuthi i-SARS-COV-2 isebenzisa iprotheyini enama-spiky kulwelwesi lwayo ukuze isebenzisane futhi ibophele kuma-ACE 2 receptors, angabonakala emaphashini, enhliziyweni nasezithweni ezahlukahlukene ukudala impendulo yokuvuvukala, kusho uDkt Cadet . Le mpendulo yokuvuvukala ingadala izinkinga eziningi emzimbeni. Lapho impendulo yokuvuvukala isedrive, isivunguvungu se-cytokine singaholela kuma-cytokines amaningi noma amakhemikhali angadala amaseli omzimba ukuthi akhombe izicubu nezitho ezinempilo okuholela ekulimaleni kwesinye isikhathi nokufa.

Kubonakala sengathi kungahle kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwe-sequelae nalokhu kuvuvukala. Kunobufakazi bokuqala bokuthi izimpawu eziqhubekayo ezivela ekutheleleni kwe-COVID-19 kungenzekakube umphumela wempendulo yomzimba yokuvuvukala, kusho uDkt Quigley.

Ukuvuvukala kungathinta izitho ezinkulu, njengenhliziyo namaphaphu, futhi.Njengoba ama-receptors e-ACE 2 asenhliziyweni athinteka yileli gciwane, ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo kungenzeka, kusho uDkt Cadet. Abanye abantu bachaza ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (tachycardia), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukucindezela kwesifuba.

Kuhlala kungacaci ukuthi kungani amasosha omzimba abanye abantu ephendula ngale ndlela. Siyazi ukuthi le mpendulo iyahluka ngokuya ngezici eziningi (zokubamba), kusho uDkt Quigley. Ngokuvamile, impendulo yomzimba kumhlaseli wangaphandle ukukhiqiza impendulo yokuvuvukala. Ingxenye yokuqhuma kwemicimbi ifaka phakathi ukukhishwa kwama-cytokines, egazini, okulamula izimpendulo zamasosha omzimba ezilandelana nomhlaseli wangaphandle (igciwane). Uma kwenzeka abalamuli abanjalo bewela isithiyo sobuchopho begazi futhi baqoqele ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi, bangasebenzisa izingxenye zokuqala zokulawula zomqondo wobuchopho, okuholele kuzimpawu eziningi ezibonakala kwi-post-virus syndrome. Lokhu kuphawulwe nasezigulini ezikhethiwe ezathola iSARS ngesikhathi kuqhambuka u-2002-2003.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uhlangabezana ne-coronavirus sequelae?

Uma uqhubeka nokuthola izimpawu ezisalele ezivela ku-COVID-19 ezikukhathazayo, kunezinyathelo ezithile ongazithatha. Kwi-post-virus syndrome, ukwelashwa kugxile ekuphatheni izimpawu zakho futhi kungafaka:

• Ukuthatha ukudambisa izinhlungu kwasetafuleni njenge UTylenol noma ibuprofen
• Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco nokunempilo
• Ukuthola ukulala okuningi nokuphumula emini njengoba kudingeka
• Ukuzijwayeza amasu okuphumula njenge-yoga, i-massage therapy kanye nokuzindla

Ukugcina inkhulumomphendvulwano evulekile nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kwizimpawu ezibucayi kakhulu ze-COVID-19. Kubalulekile uma une-COVID-19 ukutheleleka ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela nabaqeqeshiwe bakho kanye nabanye ochwepheshe, kubandakanya i-cardiologist, i-pulmonologist, i-neurologist, i-hematologist, ne-physiatrist, uDkt Cadet uyeluleka.

Abantu abaningi abahlola ukuthi bane-COVID-19 bazolulama ngokugcwele futhi bangalindela ukuzizwa bengcono uma igciwane seliqalile ukusebenza. Uma ucabanga ukuthi uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo, zilandelele futhi uzibike kudokotela wakho.