Imibuzo eyi-11 yokulawulwa kokuzalwa-iphenduliwe
Imininingwane YezidakamizwaAmaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye abesifazane baseMelika abaya ocansini babika ukuthi basebenzise uhlobo oluthile lokuvimbela inzalo, ngokusho kwezibalo ezikhishwe ekuqaleni konyaka Imithi Yale . Ngokuqondile ngoba kuvame kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusula amahemuhemu, imibono engeyona, kanye nezinganekwane zokulawulwa kokuzalwa.
Lapho abesifazane bekhetha indlela yokuvimbela inzalo, imiqondo ebekiwe yangaphambilini ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene inomthelela esinqumweni sabo. Futhi iningi lethu lizwile olunye uhlobo lwemininingwane engemihle — njengokulawula inzalo kukwenza ukhuluphale. Noma, kwandisa izingozi zomdlavuza futhi kungathinta ukuzala phansi kolayini. Abanye abantu baze bathi ama-hormone akwenze uhlanye.
Uma ucwaninga ukuthi ungaqala kuphi, kulula ukuwela emgodini omnyama weReddit mayelana nokuhlangenwe nakho okubi nezindaba ezethusayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukufunda izibuyekezo ze-rave mayelana nokuvikela inzalo efanayo kwezinye izinkundla. Ukukhetha phakathi kokukhethwa kukho okuningi okutholakalayo-okulungele impilo yakho nempilo yakho akufanele kube nzima kunalokho okuvele kunakho.
Isikhathi sokuthola ulwazi lwangempela kuzinzuzo, imiphumela engemihle, ubungozi, nokusebenza ngempumelelo kokulawulwa kokuzalwa.
Imibuzo ejwayelekile yokulawulwa kokuzalwa
Lapha, thola izimpendulo zemibuzo ebuzwa njalo yokulawulwa kokubeletha, ukuze uthole ulwazi oludingayo uma kukhulunywa ngezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo — futhi akukho nokwesaba ongakwenzi.
1. Ingabe ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwamahomoni kungenza ngikhuluphale?
Impendulo emfushane ithi cha, uthikusho uJen Kaiser, MD, uprofesa osizayo wokuhlela umndeni eNyuvesi yase-Utah. Ezifundweni ezinkulu zamachibi asiboni ukukhuphuka kwesisindo uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ongakuzuza ngokwemvelo ekunciphiseni kwe-metabolism nokuguga. Ngakho-ke, lokho kusho ukuthi kwabesifazane abaningi, amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, izindandatho zesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nezikhumba zesikhumba zokuvimbela inzalo akunakwenzeka ukuthi zithinte isisindo. Masiphinde: Ukulawulwa kokubeletha kwe-Hormonal kunjalo akunakwenzeka ukukwenza ukhuluphale. Lokhu kuqonde emlonyeni kadokotela nesinye sezifundo zesayensi (futhi ezivuselelwe kakhulu), kushicilelwe ku- Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Semininingwane Ye-Biotechnology . Cishe ku-5% weziguli, kungaba nokugcinwa koketshezi ngenkathi kulawulwa ukubeletha, okubizwa nangokuthi i-edema. Lokhu kungaholela ekushintsheni okuncane kwesisindo.
2. Ngingakhulelwa usuku olulodwa kuphela ngenyanga?
Uma unesikhathi esijwayelekile, umzimba wakho ukhipha iqanda elilodwa, ngosuku olulodwa inyanga ngayinye. Kepha iwindi lapho ungakhulelwa lide kakhulu kunamahora angama-24. Iqanda litholakala kuphela ukuthi livundiswe cishe amahora ayi-12 kuye kwangama-24 ngemuva kokukhulelwa kweqanda, ngokusho kwe- Inhlangano yaseMelika Yokukhulelwa . Kepha, isidoda singaphila emzimbeni izinsuku ezingama-3-5 ngemuva kocansi. Faka lokho osukwini okutholakala ngalo iqanda, iwindi lakho elivundile kakhulu likhuphukela cishe ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7. Ngamanye amagama, ungakhulelwa isikhathi esingangesonto.
Imijikelezo Yemvelo uhlelo lokusebenza oluvunyiwe yi-FDA oluvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balandelele imijikelezo yabo ye-ovulation. Kuyindlela engenawo ama-hormone yokuqonda kangcono lapho ungakwazi-futhi mhlawumbe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe inyanga yonke. Uhlelo lokusebenza lutshela abasebenzisi nsuku zonke ukuthi ngabe usuku oluhlaza, noma usuku olubomvu lwenyanga. Ngezinsuku ezibomvu, abasebenzisi banamathuba amaningi okuthi bakhulelwe futhi kufanele basebenzise ikhondomu noma badede ocansini ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa okungahlelelwe. Kusebenza ngamaphesenti angama-98 njengokuvimbela inzalo ngokusetshenziswa okuphelele, futhi amaphesenti angama-93 asebenza ngokujwayelekile.
3. Ngingaya ocansini ngaphandle kwekhondomu ngosuku engiqala ngalo ngokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwamahomoni?
Hhayi uma ufuna isiqinisekiso sokungakhulelwa. Kungathatha isonto lonke ukuthi uhlobo lwakho olusha lokulawula ukubeletha lusebenze ngokuphelele — kuya ngokuthi ukhetha hlobo luni lokuvimbela inzalo (iphilisi, i-IUD, ukufakelwa, noma iDepo-provera shot) nokuthi ukuphi njengamanje emjikelezweni wakho. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amakhondomu izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokuqala iphilisi, noma ukuthola ukufakelwa, i-IUD, noma ukudutshulwa — lapho-ke uzobe ucacile.
IUD yethusi yicala elikhethekile. Iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha, ngokusho kwe- Umzali Ohleliwe . Futhi khumbula, amakhondomu kuphela angavikela kuma-STD kanye nama-STI.
4. Ngabe ama-IUD wethusi enza isikhathi sakho sibe sibi kakhulu?
IParagard , okuwukuphela kwe-IUD yethusi evunyelwe yi-FDA futhi etholakala e-US, inezinzuzo ezimbalwa abasebenzisi abazithandayo: Akuyona i-hormonal, ihlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10, ingasetshenziswa ngenkathi uncelisa, futhi ingasetshenziselwa isimo esiphuthumayo ukuvimbela inzalo uma kufakwe zingakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu ngemuva kocansi olungaphephile. Kepha ngokusho kwe- Umtholampilo waseMayo , imiphumela emibi ehambisana neParagard ifaka ukopha phakathi kwezikhathi, amajaqamba, ubuhlungu obukhulu bokuya esikhathini, nokopha kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-IUD yethusi ingahle ingalingani kahle kwabanye besifazane.
5. Ingabe ukusebenzisa ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwamahomoni kungadala ukungazali?
Ungase uzwe ukuthi iminyaka yokuphuza iphilisi, ukufakwa, noma i-IUD yesikhathi eside izokwenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa lapho usulungile — kodwa lokho kuyinganekwane nje. Lezi zindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ziphazamisa ukuzala kuphela uma zisetshenziswa.
Azikho izinhlobo zokulawulwa kokubeletha ezinciphisa ikhono lakho lokukhulelwa lapho unqamuka, noma ngabe usebenzisa isikhathi esingakanani ulawula ukubeletha, kusho uDkt Kaiser. Amandla akho okukhulelwa abuyela kunoma yini obeyikhona ngaphambi kolawulo lokuzalwa. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma unethuba eliphakeme lokukhulelwa, usazoqhubeka. Uma ubunethuba eliphansi, kubuyela ekubeni yithuba eliphansi. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu emandleni akho okukhulelwa iminyaka. Uma uzama ukukhulelwa eneminyaka engama-40, lokho kuzoba nzima ukwedlula lapho uneminyaka engama-26.
6. Ngabe kufanele ngiye esikhathini njalo ngenyanga — noma ngabe ngilawula inzalo?
I- UMirena futhi USkyla Ama-IUD anganciphisa inani lezikhathi onazo, noma aziyeke ngokuphelele. Ukufakwa, iphilisi (uma lisetshenziswa ngendlela ethile), nokudutshulwa nakho kungakuvimbela ekubeni nesikhathi. Futhi iqiniso lendaba ukuthi, kulungile ngokuphelele futhi kuphephile ukungabi nesikhathi ngenxa yezindlela zakho zokulawula inzalo.
Umzimba wakho udinga ukuya esikhathini kuphela lapho kukhona ithuba lokukhulelwa, ngokusho Umzali Ohleliwe . Ukulawulwa kokubeletha kwehormonal kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kweqanda futhi kumise ulwelwesi lwesibeletho ekwakheni. Ukopha okuba khona phakathi kwamaphakethe wamaphilisi noma I-Nuvarings ukuphuma kwegazi, impendulo esikhaleni samahomoni, hhayi okudingwa ngumzimba wakho.
7. Ngingalahlekelwa i-IUD yami?
Ungakwazi-i-IUD ingawa (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuxoshwa), noma uye endaweni okungeyona eyakho (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-perforation). Lezi izingozi ezimbili okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha ithusi noma i-hormonal IUD, efana neMirena noma UKyleena njengokuvimbela inzalo, ngokusho kwe- Isikhungo Sezempilo Sabesifazane Esiphelele saseColorado .
Ukuxoshwa kungenzeka ngokwemvelo, kodwa akuvamile. Kwenzeka cishe kuphela ku-3% wokusetshenziswa kwe-IUD. Ukugcotshwa, lapho i-IUD yakho icindezela ngaphakathi noma ngokusebenzisa imisipha yesibeletho, iyinkinga exakile, etholakala kokufakwa okukodwa noma okubili kokufakwa kwe-IUD okungu-1 000. Futhi kuyingozi kakhulu. Kube khona amacala ambalwa kakhulu lapho i-IUD ifudukele ezindaweni zamathambo, umgodi wesisu, umgudu wamathumbu kanye nesinye. Uma i-IUD ihamba ngaphandle kwesibeletho, i-IUD kufanele isuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
8. Ngabe kufanele ngiphuze iphilisi lami lokulawula inzalo e ngqo isikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke?
Yebo, kufanele. Yize kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu kuya ngohlobo lwephilisi olisebenzisayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaphilisi okuvimbela ukukhulelwa abekwa ngokujwayelekile — iphilisi elihlanganisiwe lokuvimbela inzalo (COC) kanye nephilisi elincane, noma iphilisi le-progestin-only (POP). I-COC ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kweqanda, ngakho-ke kunendawo eningi yephutha.
Noma kunjalo, Amaphesenti angama-40 kwabesifazane basaphuma ovini ngenkathi bethatha iphilisi elincane, ngokusho kweAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Izithako ezisebenza ngamaphilisi amancane ziqinisa kuphela isikhwehlela somlomo wesibeletho kanye nolwelwesi lwesibeletho amahora angama-24 ngasikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile (nokuzwela ngesikhathi) ukuba nomunye umthamo phakathi naleso sikhathi.
Zombili lezi zindlela zidinga ukusetshenziswa okungaguquguquki ukuze kuphumelele kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlala ohlelweni ukugwema ukulahleka noma ukukhohlwa umthamo wakho wansuku zonke. Futhi kubalulekile? Ukuhlola umuthi wakho noma usokhemisi ukubona ukuthi ukulawula kwakho ukuzalwa kungayithinta kanjani eminye imithi yakho. Eminye imishanguzo, njengemithi elwa namagciwane noma imishanguzo elwa nokuquleka, inamandla amakhulu okuthola ukumunca inzalo ngomlomo. Futhi izidakamizwa ezithile ze-anticoagulant zinokuxhumana okuyingozi kakhulu nokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwamahomoni.
9. Ingabe lukhona uhlobo olulodwa lokulawula inzalo?
Cha. Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokulawula inzalo luhlobo olusebenzelayo, kusho uDkt. Kaiser. Alikho ifomu elihamba phambili noma onqobayo kuwo wonke umuntu uma kukhulunywa ngokulawulwa kokuzalwa. Owesifazane ngamunye kufanele anqume ukuthi yini emsebenzela kahle kakhulu, indlela aphila ngayo, nomzimba wakhe. Ukuhlala phansi uxoxe nodokotela wezempilo wabesifazane, i-OB / i-gynecologist, noma udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko angakusiza unciphise izinketho zakho.
10. Ingabe iphilisi lingadala umdlavuza?
Le yinganekwane — uhlobo lwe. Kuze kube manje, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi izinto zokuvimbela inzalo zomlomo zinezinguqulo ezenziwe ngabantu zamahomoni ocansi abesifazane i-estrogen ne-progesterone, ushintsho emazingeni ama-hormone lungadala umdlavuza webele, kodwa futhi lungavikela nomdlavuza wesibeletho nowesibeletho. Ucwaningo olunzulu lukhombisile ukuthi ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kukhonjiswa ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho nowesibelethweni, kuchaza uDkt. Kaiser.
Kepha kunengozi encane maqondana nomdlavuza webele, uqhubeka athi. Iqembu laseDenmark lenze ucwaningo lwamachibi ezinkulungwane zabesifazane futhi lathola ukuthi ukulawulwa kokubeletha kungakhuphula kancane ingozi yomdlavuza webele. Kuyingozi encane kakhulu kodwa eyandayo engakaze ifundwe ngesinye isifundo esikhulu samachibi emkhakheni wethu. Ngitshela iziguli zami ukuthi kuyinto okufanele bayikhumbule, kodwa njengabachwepheshe bezokwelapha, asikubeki kakhulu.
11. Ngabe ukuzalwa kwamahomoni kuzothinta imizwa yami?
Mhlawumbe, kodwa kuyisisekelo ngamacala, futhi isayensi iyaphikisana. Ucwaningo lwabesifazane abangaphezu kwesigidi baseDenmark abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-14 ubudala — kusetshenziswa imininingwane ethembekile neyakhayo njengamakhodi wokuxilongwa kanye namarekhodi kadokotela — kusikisela ngokuqinile ukuthi kunengozi eyengeziwe yokucindezeleka okuhambisana konke izinhlobo zokuvimbela inzalo ngamahomoni. Kepha leyo akuyona indaba ephelele.
Asiboni ukuhlangana okuqinile phakathi kokulawulwa kokuzalwa nokushintsha kwemizwelo kudlalwa ezifundweni eziningi ezinkulu, kepha uma isiguli sikhathazekile ngokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo noma imiphumela empilweni yengqondo yaso, kunezinketho ezinamahomoni amancane noma angenawo nhlobo. Akuvamile, kepha ngibonile iziguli ezihlangabezane nemithelela nemiphumela evela ekuvikeleni kwazo ukukhathazeka ngokudangala kwazo. Uma ukhathazekile ngezinguquko ezingokomzwelo, ngikhuthaza iziguli ukuthi zibambisane nodokotela wazo oyinhloko noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ukuthola isisombululo esingeyona i-hormonal.
Uma unomlando wokudangala, noma if ukuvimbela ukuzalwa akulungile kuwe, kunezinye izinketho eziningi-kusuka ku-IUD yethusi kuya kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Natural Cycles - ezingasiza ukubuyisela ukukhetha kwakho kokuzala ezandleni zakho.
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