Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo vs. isifo senhliziyo: Yikuphi okubi kakhulu?

Imfundo Yezempilo

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kuqhathaniswa nezimbangela zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo | Ukudlanga | Izimpawu | Ukuxilongwa | Ukwelashwa | Izici zobungozi | Ukuvimbela | Ukubonana nodokotela nini | Izinsizakusebenza

Imvamisa abantu basebenzisa amagama ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokuboshwa kwenhliziyo ngokungafani. Kodwa-ke, yize zombili zingasongela impilo futhi zibe nezimpawu eziningi ezifanayo, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ake sixoxe ngokufana nokwehluka phakathi kwalezi zimo zombili.

Izimbangela

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kwenzeka ngokuzumayo lapho kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle kukagesi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kuholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okubizwa nge-arrhythmia, okuphazamisa ukupompa igazi kwezinye izitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni, njengasebuchosheni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo ime. Umuntu uzolahlekelwa ukwazi, futhi ukufa kungenzeka uma kungekho usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kuboshwe ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kungenzeka ngemuva noma ngenkathi kululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo yikhona imbangela evame kakhulu ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, kepha futhi kungabangelwa yi-cardiomyopathy, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmias, i-ventricular fibrillation, ne-Q-T syndrome ende.

Isifo senhliziyo

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwenzeka lapho umthambo uvinjelwe, okuvimbela igazi elicebe nge-oxygen ukuthi lingafinyeleli ezingxenyeni zenhliziyo. Lokhu kuvinjelwa kudinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha ngoba uma kungalungiswa ngokushesha, ingxenye yenhliziyo engakutholi ukunikezwa kwegazi ingaqala ukufa. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuthola, umonakalo omncane uzokwenziwa.

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kuqhathaniswa nezimbangela zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
Inkinga kagesi Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kubangela ukulahleka kwenhliziyo	Umthambo ovinjiwe Ukungabi khona kwegazi ngenxa yokuvinjelwa

OKUSHIWO: Yini ukushaya kwenhliziyo okujwayelekile?

Ukudlanga

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

I-2018 okutholwe yi-American Heart Association kukhombisa cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-7.4 ababulawa ngumcimbi wokufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo unyaka nonyaka. Iphinde iqhubeke nokuphakamisa ukuthi izinga lokusinda ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo esibhedlela liyaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngo-2019 , i-AHA iphinde yathola ukuthi isibalo sabantu ababoshwe ngenhliziyo ngaphandle kwesibhedlela lilinganiselwa ku-356 461 ngonyaka, okungabantu abacishe babe yi-1 000 ngosuku.

Isifo senhliziyo

I- Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Kwezifo (CDC) ithi njalo ngemizuzwana engama-40 umuntu uhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo e-United States. Lokho kungabantu abangaphezu kuka-800,000 ngonyaka futhi cishe ama-75% angukuhlaselwa kokuqala.

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kuqhathaniswa nokwanda kwenhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
U-13.5% wokushona uvela ekufeni okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo. Abantu abangama-356,461 ngonyaka baboshwa inhliziyo noma abantu ababalelwa ku-1 000 ngosuku.	Njalo ngemizuzwana engama-40 umuntu uhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo e-US. Unyaka ngamunye abantu baseMelika abangama-805,000 bahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Kulawa, angama-605,000 ayisifo sokuqala senhliziyo. I-200,000 yinto yesibili. Cishe ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo oku-1 kwaba-5 kuthule du.

OKUSHIWO: Izibalo zezifo zenhliziyo

Izimpawu

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

Uma uboshwe inhliziyo, ungazizwa unesiyezi, uphefumula kanzima, ubuthakathaka, ube nesicanucanu, kuchaza UNiket sonpal , MD, i-internist kanye ne-gastroenterologist eseNew York City. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo nobuhlungu besifuba nakho kuyizimpawu ezivamile zokuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umuntu angayeka ukuphefumula noma abe nobunzima bokuphefumula, angakhombisi ukushaya kwenhliziyo, futhi alahlekelwe ukwazi ngokuboshwa kwenhliziyo.

Isifo senhliziyo

Izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zihluke kancane futhi ziyahlukahluka phakathi komuntu ngamunye. Abanye abantu banazo ngokungazelelwe, kepha abanye kungathatha amahora noma ngisho amasonto ukuzwa imiphumela ephelele. Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo zingafaka izinhlungu zesifuba noma ukungaphatheki kahle kwesifuba. Ubukhulu bezimpawu buzoncika futhi ebukhulwini besifo senhliziyo.

Uphawu lokuqala kungaba ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi ebangelwe wumsebenzi womzimba, kusho uDkt. Sonpal. Lokhu kucindezelwa nobuhlungu besifuba kudalwa ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni. Ungase futhi uzwe ubuhlungu, ukuqina, ukucindezela ukuzwa ezandleni zakho okusabalala entanyeni yakho, emhlathini, noma emuva. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, isilungulela, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukujuluka okubandayo, ukukhathala, ikhanda elikhanyayo, noma isiyezi esingazelelwe.

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
Isiyezi Ukuphelelwa umoya Ubuthakathaka Isicanucanu Inhliziyo ishaya ngamandla Ubuhlungu besifuba Akukho ukushaya noma ukuphefumula Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi / ukuwa okungazelelwe	Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi Ubuhlungu, ukuqina, ukucindezela isifuba noma izingalo ezisakazeka entanyeni yakho, emhlathini, noma emuva Isicanucanu / ukuhlanza Isilungulela / indigestion Ubuhlungu besisu Ukuphelelwa umoya Izithukuthuku ezibandayo Ukukhathala Inwele elikhanyayo noma isiyezi esingazelelwe Ukuzwa inhlekelele ezayo

OKUSHIWO: 13 izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo

Ukuxilongwa

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

Kunezivivinyo nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angazicabangela ukuxilongwa kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo:

• Isivivinyo esivame kakhulu yi- i-electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG) , ekhombisa isigqi senhliziyo namaphethini kagesi enhliziyweni ngosizo lwama-electrode anamathiselwe esifubeni.
• Ngokubona kwenhliziyo, udokotela anga-oda a X-ray esifubeni noma ukucabanga kwamagnetic resonance (I-MRI) .
• Amasampula egazi kungathathwa ukubheka amazinga ahlukahlukene egazini, futhi lezi zivivinyo zinganquma nokuthi ngabe kube nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo muva nje noma inkinga yenhliziyo.
• Inqubo ebizwa nge- i-coronary catheterization kungenziwa ukuhlola amazinga e-oxygen nokwakheka nokusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Isifo senhliziyo

Ukuhlolwa okuningi okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo nakho kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo senhliziyo kubandakanya:

• An ECG ukuhlola ukulimala kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubheka ama-enzyme enhliziyo nama-troponin kungasho ubukhulu nesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• I- i-coronary catheterization ingenziwa, engahlanza nemithambo yegazi evinjiwe.
• An sdudlamsitho ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kungenziwa ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kuzotshela ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ezisenhliziyweni ezivalekile noma ezilimazayo kuye ngokuthi kupompa kanjani.

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo vs. ukuxilongwa kwesifo senhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
ECG I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-MRI Ukuhlolwa kwegazi I-catheterization yeCoronary	ECG Ukuhlolwa kwegazi I-catheterization yeCoronary I-Echocardiography

Ukwelashwa

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

I-CPR kanye ne-defibrillation yizinhlobo zokuqala zokwelashwa okuphuthumayo ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo, kusho uDkt. Sonpal. Lokhu kwenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye futhi ngemuva kokuma.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubiza u-911 kusibonakaliso sokuqala ukuthi othile uboshwe inhliziyo. Okulandelayo, uma ukwazi ukufinyelela kwi-defibrillator yangaphandle ezenzakalelayo (i-AED), thola i-AED bese ulandela imiyalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, yenza i-CPR. Lokhu kusiza ukubuyisa isigqi senhliziyo esijwayelekile. Ukucindezelwa kwesifuba kusiza ukuqhubeka nokupompa igazi emzimbeni ngemuva kokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo, okungaholela ekuvuseleleni.

Kulabo abasinda kulokhu kuhlaselwa, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinciphisa amathuba okuthi kuboshwe omunye umuntu ngenhliziyo. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Imithi ingabelwa ukuphatha ukucindezela kwegazi ne-cholesterol.
• Uma kukhona ukulimala enhliziyweni, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa.
• Indlela yokuphila changeskufanele kusetshenziswe kubandakanya ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Isifo senhliziyo

Kukhona ukugqagqana ekwelashweni phakathi kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo kungafaka:

• Imithi imvamisa umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa igazi noma kunciphise amahlwili — imithi ejwayelekile ihlanganisa i-aspirin, i-thrombolytics, noma ama-antiplatelet agents.
• Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa, kufaka phakathi:
  • I-Coronary angioplasty ne-stenting kwenziwa ukuvula umthambo ovinjiwe. Izinsimbi zensimbi zingafakwa ukusiza ukuvimba esikhathini esizayo.
  • Umthambo weCoronary udlula ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukusiza ukugeleza kwegazi ngenhliziyo.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo Izinhlelo zitholakala ezibhedlela eziningi futhi zenzelwe ukusiza ukwehlisa okunye ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma izinkinga ezivela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Bagxila ekutholeni imishanguzo efanele, benze izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, nokunikeza ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo ngenkathi ubuyela empilweni yansuku zonke.

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
CPR Ukwehliswa kwesibindi Imithi Ukuhlinzwa Izinguquko Zokuphila	Imithi Ukuhlinzwa, okufana nalokhu: I-Coronary angioplasty ne-stenting Umthambo weCoronary udlula ukuhlinzwa Ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo

Izici zobungozi

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

Ukuba nezimo ezithile zenhliziyo ezinjenge-coronary heart noma isifo semithambo kungaholela engcupheni enkulu yokuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Ezinye izimo ezinjengokungajwayelekile kwesigqi senhliziyo kanye ne-cardiomyopathy nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo. Izindlela zokuphila ezinjengokubhema, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokuphila ngokuhlala phansi kuhlotshaniswa nemicimbi yenhliziyo.

Isifo senhliziyo

Izici ezinobungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ziyefana nezokuboshwa kwenhliziyo futhi zingafaka izimo zezokwelapha noma izinto zokuphila. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye / noma i-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokusebenzisa ugwayi noma utshwala kwandisa amathuba omuntu okuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kuqhathaniswa nezingozi zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
Isifo senhliziyo Ukungajwayelekile kwesigqi senhliziyo Amaphayiphu enhliziyo angajwayelekile Inhliziyo enkulu Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso Ukubhema Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile Umfutho wegazi ophakeme Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi Umlando womndeni	Umfutho wegazi ophakeme I-cholesterol ephezulu Isifo sikashukela se-Mellitus Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile Ukudla okungenampilo Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nogwayi Umlando womndeni

Ukuvimbela

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo

Kulabo abasengozini enkulu, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokusiza ukuvimbela ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Imithi ingafaka leyo esiza ekuphatheni umfutho wegazi noma ukuvimbela amahlule. Ukuhlinzwa okuvimbela, njengokungenelela kwe-coronary percutaneous, kunganciphisa ingozi yakho.

Kulabo abangekho engcupheni enkulu, ukuba nokuphila okunempilo enhliziyweni kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe. Lokhu kufaka:

• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo
• Ukuphatha isisindo sakho
• Ukugcina amazinga okuxineka ephansi
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ukuyeka ukubhema

Isifo senhliziyo

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokusiza ukuvimbela ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Ezinye zalezi zindlela zifaka:

• Imithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi ne-cholesterol. Ukuqapha njalo la mazinga nakho kubalulekile.
• Ukuphatha isisindo sakho, njengoba ukukhuluphala kungakhuphula ubungozi.
• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo, njengokusebenzisa i- DASH yokudla , ikhuthaza impilo yenhliziyo.
• Phatha amazinga okuxineka njengoba kungaba yimbangela yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kuqinise imisipha yenhliziyo, ngakho-ke ukuthola ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo kubalulekile.
• Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungakhuphula umfutho wegazi futhi kubangele ukwanda kwesisindo, ngakho-ke nciphisa ukuphuza kwakho isiphuzo esisodwa noma ezimbili ngosuku.
• Yeka ukubhema njengoba kwandisa ubungozi bakho.
• Lala ngokwanele.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kuqhathaniswa nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo	Isifo senhliziyo
Imithi Ukuhlinzwa kokuvimbela Ukudla ukudla okunempilo Ukuphatha isisindo sakho Gcina amazinga okuxineka ephansi Ukuzivocavoca umzimba Nciphisa utshwala Yeka ukubhema	Imithi Ukuphatha isisindo sakho Ukudla ukudla okunempilo Ukuphatha isisindo sakho Gcina amazinga okuxineka ephansi Ukuzivocavoca umzimba Nciphisa utshwala Yeka ukubhema Lala ngokwanele

Lapho uzobona udokotela wokuboshwa inhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo

Ezibonakalisweni zokuqala zezimpawu zokuboshwa yinhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo, funa usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha njengoba zingasongela impilo. Kwesinye isikhathi lezi zimpawu zingafana nalezo zokuhlaselwa isisu noma ukwethuka, kodwa kungcono ukuphepha kunokuzisola. Uma usengozini enkulu yesifo noma yisiphi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokusiza ukuvimbela lezi zimo.

Izinsizakusebenza

• Amaqiniso ngesifo senhliziyo , I-CDC
• Izibalo zesifo sohlangothi nesokushaya kwenhliziyo zango-2019 , Inhlangano Yezinhliziyo ZaseMelika
• Izibalo zenhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi 2018 , Inhlangano Yezinhliziyo ZaseMelika
• Umehluko phakathi kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo , Inhlangano Yezinhliziyo ZaseMelika