Ingabe i-allergy shots iyasebenza? Ingabe zikufanele?

Imfundo Yezempilo

Ikhala eligijimayo? Hlola. Ukulunywa, amehlo anamanzi? Hlola. Ukuthimula njalo? Hlola. Hlola. Abantu abahlushwa yizifo ezithile zonyaka — noma ngisho unyaka wonke — bayaliwa njalo imithi yokungezwani komzimba , futhi abasakutholi ukukhululeka bangafuna ukubheka i-allergen immunotherapy, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-allergy shots. Ingabe i-allergy shots iyasebenza? Ingabe izibhamu zokungezwani komzimba zikufanele? Bamba izicubu zakho bese uqhubeka nokufunda.

Yini ama-allergy shots?

Cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingama-400 baphila ne-rhinitis yokungezwani nomhlaba wonke ngokusho kuka Inhlangano Yezwe Yokungezelela komzimba . Lapho bevezwa impova, isikhunta, utshani, uthuli, izibungu zothuli, isilwane esidonsa isilwane nezinye izifo eziningi ezivamile, baba nezimpawu ezinjengokuthimula, ikhala eligobayo, ukuminyana, amehlo anamanzi, ikhanda, ukukhwehlela, ukucasuka komphimbo nomlomo onukayo. , umphimbo, noma isikhumba. Ukungezwani komzimba kungenza abantu babe lusizi impela uma bevame.

I-American Academy of Allergy, Isifuba Somoya Ne-Immunology ichaza ukudubula kokungezwani komzimba nokwelashwa njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside okunganciphisa izimpawu ze-allergen rhinitis (i-hay fever), i-asthma yokungezwani komzimba, i-conjunctivitis (i-allergies yamehlo), kanye nokungezwani nokungezwani nezinambuzane. Ngokujovwa okuhlala isikhathi eside okuncane kwe-allergen (izinto abantu abazwela kuzo), isibhamu sinciphisa ukuzwela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sinciphise noma siqede izimpawu.

I-Promethazine , i-diphenhydramine (isithako esisebenzayo eBenadryl), futhi i-hydroxyzine ezinye zezibonelo zokudubula kokungezwani komzimba.

Ngubani okufanele acabangele isibhamu sokungezwani komzimba?

Kunamaqembu amathathu abantu abafanelekela ukuthola izibhamu zokungezwani komzimba,ngokuvumelana ne USima Patel, DO , i-allergenist eNew York Allergy and Sinus Center eNew York City:

1. Abantu bathinteke unyaka wonke , noma ezinkathini ezimbili noma ngaphezulu
2. Abantu abangatholi ukukhululeka kwezinye izindlela zokwelashwa. Uma imithi azisebenzi, lokho kungaba yinkomba yokuthi abantu baqale ukwelashwa ngamashothi, kuchaza uDkt. Patel.
3. Abantu abafuna ukukhululeka unomphela, isibonelo, uma uxabana nesilwane esifuywayo . Imithi yokungezwani komzimba ayikwazi ukwelapha ukusabela, kanti i-allergen immunotherapy ingakwazi.

UDkt. Patel uthi kuncike ocwaningweni olukhomba kulo, ukudubula kokungezwani komzimba nakho kungasebenza ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu ezifika ezigulini ezingama-85%.

Ngabe isebenza kanjani isibhamu somzimba?

Ukudubula kokungezwani komzimba nokwelashwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa enikezwa ngudokotela owukana nezilwanyane noma i-immunologist esehhovisi. Imvamisa zimbozwa yimishwalense eminingi yize kungadingeka i-copay ekuvakasheni kwehhovisi ngalinye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindleko zomjovo zingaba ngaphansi kunokuthatha umuthi wansuku zonke.

Ngokuya ngokungezwani nokungezwani komzimba nomuntu onakho, kungadinga isibhamu esisodwa kuya kwesine ngeviki kuya ngokuthi mangaki ama-allergen angalingana esitsheni ngasinye. 'Bangamahlumela ezingane,' hhayi ukudutshulwa okufanayo nomuthi wokugoma ngoba kuyinaliti encane kakhulu — kuzwakala kungathi ingcosana, kusho uDkt. Patel.

Uma abantu benama-allergen amaningi-impova, uthuli, i-dander yezilwane, isikhunta, nokunye-mhlawumbe babheka izitsha ezine ezihlukene (isibhamu). Kulabo abanokungezwani nothuli noma ukungezwani komzimba nesilwane, kudingeka isitsha esisodwa kuphela. Zimbili izigaba zokwelashwa:

1. Isigaba sokwakha: Iziguli zithola isibhamu masonto onke ehhovisi likadokotela ngesikhathi sesigaba sokwakha. Ngalesi sikhathi, umthamo ukwanda kancane ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha.
2. Isigaba sesondlo: Isigaba sesondlo sihilela ukuthola ama-allergy shots kaningi, kanye noma kabili ngenyanga.

Lapho umuntu othile esethole isibhamu sakhe samasonto onke kumele ahlale ehhovisi likadokotela imizuzu engama-30 ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi abanakho ukusabela okungathi sína okubizwa nge-anaphylaxis. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuvuvukala, isifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi — futhi kungabeka impilo yakho engcupheni. Yize kungavamile, i-anaphylaxis ingenzeka noma ngabe iyisibhamu sokuqala sokungezwani komzimba noma umjovo we-100. Ukulinda isigamu sehora kufanele ngemuva kwawo wonke umjovo. Imiphumela emibi nayo ingenzeka, njengokujola kwesiza somjovo noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isibhamu siqukethe zona kanye nezifo ezithathwa ngumuntu ongezwani nazo.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Amaphilisi noma imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba ebizwa ngokuthi yi-sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) kungenye indlela entsha ye-immunotherapy futhi ifaka ukubeka i-tablet noma i-liquid drop ne-allergen ethile ngaphansi kolimi lothile. Lezi zisebenza kahle njengamashothi futhi zingathathwa ngisho nasekhaya uma uzithola ku-allergist yakho. Kuyindlela enhle uma wesaba izinaliti, noma ungeke ufike kuma-aphoyintimenti amasonto onke.

Kepha, ithebhulethi ngayinye noma idonsa kuphela inikezela nge-allergen eyodwa.Ayitholakali ukuvikela ukungezwani komzimba nempova yezihlahla, kepha kuyindlela yokwelashwa etholakala ngohlobo lokungezwani notshani, i-ragweed, kanye ne-dust mite, kusho uDkt Gupta.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo we-SLIT afaka phakathi I-Odactra , IGastek , I-Oralair , futhi I-Ragwitek .

Ingabe izibhamu zokungezwani komzimba zikufanele?

Abanye abantu bayanqikaza ukuqala ama-allergy shots ngoba badinga ukuzibophezela kwesikhathi.Ukudubula kokungezwani komzimba kunikezwa ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu futhi kunganciphisa ukungezwani komzimba kwakho iminyaka eminingana ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa, kusho URatika Gupta, MD , i-allergen ku-ENT kanye ne-Allergy Associates eBrooklyn, eNew York. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu zingabuya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ama-Allergists anquma ukuthi iziguli zingamisa nini isibhamu ngokuya ngezimpawu zazo. Ngonyaka wesithathu uma umuntu ebelokhu ethola isibhamu njalo ngaphandle kokutholwa ngamanani futhi angasenazo izimpawu, angayeka. Kepha ngokujwayelekile, abantu basenezimpawu ezithile ezimnene, ngakho-ke bazodinga ukuqhubeka iminyaka emihlanu egcwele. Yebo, yinde leyo kodwa inkokhelo ingashintsha impilo kwabanye. Iningi labantu lithola isibhamu sokungezwani komzimba sikufanele ukuthuthukisa impilo yaso.