Ukungezwani komzimba no-Rx 101: Imibuzo yakho yemithi yokwaliwa yisizini iphenduliwe

Usokhemisi Wezemfundo Yezempilo Wazi Kakhulu

Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 e-U.S. Babhekana nokungezwani komzimba minyaka yonke, ngokusho kwe- I-American College of Allergy, Isifuba Somoya Ne-Immunology . Ngamanye amagama, uma ukungezwani komzimba ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka uthimula, ukhwehlela, futhi ushaye amakhala-awuwedwa. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinketho eziningi zokususa lezo zimpawu eziwuhlupho uma uthola ukungezwani nento ethile esemoyeni?

Njengosokhemisi, sikubone konke futhi sazi zonke izinketho onazo zemithi yokungezwani komzimba yesizini. Nazi izimpendulo zemibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana nalezi zinketho:

1. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokungezwani komzimba nenkathi ethile yonyaka?

Ukungezwani kwesizini ngokuvamile zenzeka ngasikhathi sinye unyaka ngamunye, imvamisa phakathi kukaJanuwari no-Ephreli, noma ngisho nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ukungezwani komzimba okuvamile kwesizini kufaka impova evela ezihlahleni, utshani, kanye / noma ukhula.

Ukungezwani komzimba okungapheli ingakuthinta unyaka wonke, noma yenzeke ngezikhathi ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene. Izimbangela ezivamile zokungezwani komzimba okungapheli zibandakanya: isikhunta, izibungu zothuli, izinambuzane kanye ne-pet dander.

Akunandaba nhlobo lwe ukungezwani komzimba , lapho umzimba wakho uzama ukulwa nembangela yokuphendula, ungahlangabezana nanoma yiziphi noma zonke lezi zimpawu:

• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukuqhuma
• Ukuthimula
• Iphunga eligijimayo
• Ukuminyana kwempumulo noma kwesifuba
• Ukuluma umphimbo
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Ukukhathala
• Amehlo amanzi noma alumayo

Imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba, kokubili i-OTC nemithi kadokotela kungasiza ukuyinciphisa.

2. Yimuphi umuthi ongcono kakhulu wokungezwani komzimba nesikhathi sonyaka?

Impendulo emfushane ukuthi kuya ngezimpawu zakho.

Uma uzizwa ulunywa futhi unekhala eligobayo noma amehlo anamanzi , ungahlomula kakhulu nge-antihistamine, okungcono okungazeli njenge UClaritin . Ungangeza i-nasal steroid efana ne- UFlonase ukusiza ukukhulula lezo zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezicinene. I-Nasal saline iyindlela enhle yokugcina izindinyana zamakhala zingomi. Amaconsi e-OTC ongezwani nokugula angasiza ekunciphiseni amehlo alumayo.

Uma unekhala eligcwele , ungahle uthande ukufaka i-decongestant. Imithi eminingi yokungezwani nokungezwani komzimba ifaka i-decongestant, efana I-Allegra-D . Kepha uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kufanele uyigweme le mithi, ngoba ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho ngokuqhubekayo. Futhi, amanye ama-antihistamine akaphephile kubantu abane-glaucoma noma izinkinga ze-prostate. Usokhemisi wakho angakusiza ukhethe umkhiqizo ongcono kakhulu wezimpawu zakho, ucabangele noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo neminye imithi oyiphuzayo.

3. Kungcono ukuthatha imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba nomkhiqizo noma ojwayelekile we-OTC?

Imithi ejwayelekile izohlinzeka ukukhululeka kokungezwani komzimba ngendlela efanele njengomkhiqizo wegama lomkhiqizo, nangengxenyana yentengo. Buza usokhemisi wakho uma udinga usizo lokuthola umkhiqizo ojwayelekile. Indawo yokungezwani komzimba ingaba namandla.

Futhi njenge-FYI, ungathola izaphulelo nge-SingleCare kuma-OTC meds allergy, kepha uzodinga landela lezi zinyathelo .

4. Uma imishanguzo ye-OTC ingasebenzi, ingabe zikhona izinketho zemithi etholakalayo?

Iningi lemithi yokungezwani komzimba selitholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter (OTC). Kodwa-ke, izifutho eziningi zamakhala ziyatholakala ngomuthi kadokotela kuphela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi I-Astepro ( azelastine ), Dymista (azelastine / fluticasone), kanye I-Nasonex (mometasone). I-Flonase iyatholakala kumandla kadokotela naku-OTC.

Imithi ye-OTC ivame ukwanela ukuphatha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, kepha uma izimpawu zakho zingakhululiwe yimithi ye-OTC, hlola umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze ubone ukuthi umuthi kadokotela ungakulungela yini.

Uma une-asthma kanye ne-allergies, kunezinhlobonhlobo zokwelashwa ezitholakala ngemithi yokunciphisa kokubili, kufaka phakathi ama-inhalers noma imithi yomlomo efana I-Singulair ( montelukast ).

5. Usinciphisa kanjani ukozela?

Ama-antihistamine amadala, njenge UBenadryl (diphenhydramine), kungadala ukozela okukhulu. Ama-antihistamine amasha, njengeClaritin (loratadine), I-Allegra (fexofenadine), I-Zyrtec (cetirizine), kanye Xyzal ( levocetirizine ), kukhona mancane amathuba okubangela ukozela , kodwa iziguli eziningi zibika ukulala okuthile.

Qaphela lapho ukhetha noma yimuphi umkhiqizo wenhlanganisela (njenge NyQuil ) yokungezwani komzimba noma ukukhwehlela nokubanda ngoba eziningi zazo ziqukethe ama-antihistamine wokuthambisa. Buza usokhemisi wakho ukuthi akusize ukhethe umkhiqizo ongeke ukulale ngokushesha.

6. Yimiphi imithi yokungezwani komzimba ongayixuba?

Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho, eminye imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba ingaphepha ukuyisebenzisa inhlanganisela . Ngokuvamile, ungasebenzisa i-antihistamine ene-decongestant (uma ungenayo imibandela yezokwelapha engqubuzanayo).

Kodwa-ke, awufuni ukuphinda kabili imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba. Isibonelo, ngokuvamile ubungeke uthande ukuthatha uClaritin ekuseni noZyrtec kusihlwa (ngaphandle kwezimo ezingavamile njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho).

7. Ngingabuphuza utshwala nemithi yami yokungezwani nokwaliwa?

Ngokuvamile, kunjalo akunconywa ukuhlanganisa imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba notshwala. Ukuhlanganisa ama-antihistamine okuhlala ngaphezulu notshwala kungaba yingozi kakhulu, kwandise ingozi yemiphumela emibi nokukhubazeka. Ukuhlanganisa ama-antihistamine amasha, okuncipha kokudambisa utshwala ayingozi kangako, kepha kusamele kugwenywe.

8. Kuphephile yini ukuthatha imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba ne-OTC nsuku zonke?

Ngokuvamile, yebo-noma kufanele uthintane nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso. I-Nasal steroids ingathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi iphumelele. Uma unezimpawu ngezikhathi ezithile, kulungile ukuthatha ama-antihistamine njengoba kudingeka, ulandela izinkomba zephakeji.

9. Ubani okungafanele athathe imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba?

Ama-antihistamine angahlali phansi aphephe kakhulu ezigulini eziningi, kepha akufanele uthathe ama-antihistamine amadala (njengeBenadryl) uma unezinkinga ze-prostate noma i-glaucoma. Akufanele uthathe ama-decongestant uma une-high blood pressure. Uma kunjalo ukhulelwe noma uncelise ibele , thintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba (noma imiphi imithi).

10. Ngididekile kakhulu-indawo yokungezwani komzimba neqhwa iyamangaza. Ungakwazi yini ukuphula umuthi ngamunye?

Indawo yokungezwani komzimba ingaba kakhulu ukudideka . Ungacabanga ukuthi uzongena ebhokisini likaClaritin, bese ubona izinhlobo ezingama-24 ezahlukahlukene zeClaritin: uhlobo lomkhiqizo, uhlobo olujwayelekile, isilinganiso esihlukile, namafomu.

Imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba nayo iwela ezigabeni ezilandelayo:

• Ama-antihistamine: Lawa ma-meds avimba i-histamine futhi angasiza izimpawu zokuthimula, ukunwaya noma amehlo amanzi, futhi ukuvuza kwangemva kwamakhala . IBenadryl (diphenhydramine) iyi-antihistamine endala, yesizukulwane sokuqala, engadala ukozela. Ama-antihistamine amasha, njengeClaritin (loratadine), i-Allegra (fexofenadine), I-Zyrtec (cetirizine), kanye Xyzal (levocetirizine), mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi zenze ukozela.
• Ama-decongestants: Lezi zisiza ukukhulula ikhala eligcwele. I-decongestant ejwayelekile yile Udidekile (pseudoephedrine noma phenylephrine). Ama-decongestants athengiswa wedwa futhi ahlanganiswe nama-antihistamine (Allegra-D, I-Zyrtec-D , UClaritin-D ). Uma une-high blood pressure, kufanele ugweme ama-decongestant, ngoba angakhuphula umfutho wegazi.
• I-Nasal steroids: Lokhu kusiza ukwehlisa ukuvuvukala ezindimeni zakho zamakhala, kukhulula ukucinana kwamakhala. Kungathatha kuze kube amasonto amabili ukusebenza. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi: I-Flonase (i-fluticasone), I-Nasacort (triamcinolone), futhi Ubhejane (budesonide). Uma usebenzisa i-nasal steroids, ungasebenzisa futhi amaconsi nosawoti acinene noma izifutho ukuze izindinyana zakho zamakhala zingomi.
• Amaconsi wamehlo: Ukwehla kokungezwani komzimba amaconsi kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokulunywa, namehlo abomvu. Ezinye izibonelo zingukuthi Zaditor (ketotifen) kanye Ngolwesibili (olopatadine), evunyelwe yi-FDA futhi kufanele itholakale ngokushesha ku-OTC.

Njalo hlola nomuthi wakho wemithi uma udinga usizo lokukhetha umuthi ofanele we-OTC wokungezwani komzimba. Uma ulwa nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti ne-allergen ukuze ukhulume ngokuhlolwa kwezimbangela, ukugwema i-allergen, kanye nesidingo I-EpiPen (eziphuthumayo epinephrine ).