Ungasibona kanjani isifo seLyme-ngaphandle kokuqubuka kweso lenkabi ebomvu

Imfundo Yezempilo

Lapho indodana yami u-Evan ibanga lesithupha, wahamba nohambo lwakhe lokukhempa ebusuku nekilasi lakhe. Ube nesikhathi esimnandi nabangane bakhe futhi akakhumbuli elunywa yilutho. Emasontweni nasemasontweni kamuva, sasisezansi ogwini lwaseDelaware eholidini, futhi u-Evan waqala ukukhononda ngobuhlungu bekhanda nemisipha. Ngobunye ubusuku lapho siphuma siyofuna u-ayisikhilimu, wasitshela ukuthi amalambu ezimoto ayewakhathaza ngempela amehlo akhe. Zonke lezo zimpawu zazibonakala zengeza esifweni seLyme — kodwa wayengenakho ukuqubuka kwamehlo kwenkunzi ebomvu okwedume kabi.

Ngakusasa ekuseni, ngashayela udokotela wezingane wethu, uDkt. Bruce Lockman Lockman noLubell Associates eFort Washington, ePennsylvania. Wanginxusa ukuba ngishayele u-Evan ngemoto siye ekhaya, lapho ahlolwa khona uLyme. Ukuhlolwa kwabuya kutholakele, futhi wafakwa ngokushesha izifundo ze umabhebhana . Saphetha ngokuthi kufanele ukuthi utheleleke cishe izinyanga ezimbili kuleli phuzu (mhlawumbe elunywe wumkhaza wezinyamazane kuleyo khempu), ngakho-ke udokotela wamgcina emithini elwa namagciwane amasonto ayisithupha. Ekugcineni, izimpawu zancipha, futhi impilo yabuyela kokujwayelekile ku-Evan.

Abanye abanesifo seLyme abanenhlanhla futhi bakhuthazelela izingqinamba ezinkulu zesikhathi eside zezokwelapha. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu uma isifo singalashwa. Kunezici eziningana eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingaholela ekuhlolweni okubambezelekile. Umkhaza wezinyamazane ngokwawo mncane (umkhaza we-nymph ulingana nembewu ye-poppy) futhi ukuluma kwayo kuvame ukunganakwa. Ukuqhuma kwamehlo kwenkunzi kuwuphawu lwesifo esaziwa kakhulu seLyme, kepha kuze kufike ku-30% wabagulayo abakutholi nhlobo ukuqubuka. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi abanegciwane abazi nakancane ukuthi kunenkinga baze babe noLyme amasonto (noma izinyanga).

Isivivinyo sokuqala esivame kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi uLyme uyi-ELISA (ukuhlolwa kwe-immunosorbent okuxhunyaniswe ne-enzyme). Ihlola igazi lakho ukuthola amasosha omzimba weLyme. Amasosha akho omzimba enza amasosha omzimba ekuphenduleni ukutheleleka kweLyme. Kodwa-ke, la ma-antibody avame ukuthatha amasonto ngemuva kokuba umuntu ethelelekile ukuthi avele egazini lakho. Ngakho-ke, ukuhumusha umphumela kungaba yinkohliso.

Izimpawu zesifo se-Atypical Lyme

Uma ngabe ubuzizwa ungaphansi kwesimo sezulu ngemuva kokuchitha isikhathi ungaphandle, lezi ezinye zezimpawu zesifo esaziwa kancane seLyme:

• ikhanda
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
• ama-lymph node avuvukile
• ubuhlungu bezinzwa
• ukuqina kwentamo
• izinkinga zememori zesikhashana

Izigaba zesifo seLyme

Ngikhulume noDkt Lockman ochaze kabanzi ngalesi sifo esibuhlungu. Kunezigaba ezimbili zeLyme:

• okwenziwe endaweni (ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezingama-30 ngemuva kokutheleleka)
• kusatshalaliswa (ngaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa emva kokutheleleka)

Enkambisweni yakhe yasedolobheni iPhiladelphia, uDkt. Lockman uthi ubona izingane ezimbalwa ekuqaleni, isigaba sendawo, futhi inkambo emfushane yama-antibiotic [amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu] anele ukuyikhipha ezinhlelweni zayo.

U-Lockman ubhale ezinye zezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngemuva kwesikhathi ezisatshalaliswa iLyme. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-arthritis, enamalungu avuvukile. Inhliziyo nayo ingathinteka (ukuvuvukala kubangele izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo). Izimpawu ze-Neurologic zingafaka ukukhubazeka kukaBell (ukukhubazeka kolunye uhlangothi lobuso), i-meningitis, nezinkinga zokuqonda (ukucabanga). Kungabuye kube nezinguquko zamehlo (iris ebomvu, evuvukile noma i-cornea) nokuvuvukala kwesibindi nobende. Ngokusatshalaliswa kweLyme, ama-antibiotic e-IV kwesinye isikhathi adingeka isikhathi eside. Yize, uLockman enezele, kunokuphikisana okuhle emsebenzini wobudokotela mayelana namaphethini wesifo seLyme esizayo.

Sitholakala kuphi isifo seLyme?

Njengamanje kunezigameko ezingama-330,000 zesifo seLyme minyaka yonke e-US Amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu ala macala atholakele ezifundazweni eziyi-14 kuphela, ikakhulukazi eNyakatho-mpumalanga (yaqala ukutholwa eLyme, eConnecticut), yize amacala nawo evela eCalifornia, e-Oregon. , kanye nezwe laseWashington. Indodana yami — yayilala ngaphandle eningizimu-mpumalanga yePennsylvania — yayiyilungu eliphambili lokulunywa umkhaza wezinyamazane ezithwala abantu baseLyme.

Umkhaza ophethe isifo seLyme usukhulise uhla lwawo eNyakatho Melika ngenxa yokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi [kanye] nokuqhuma kwezinyamazane ezimhlophe, kuchaza uDkt. Patrick Gaffney waseKolishi Lomhlaba, Ulwandle Nezemvelo eNyuvesi yaseDelaware.

Ungasigwema kanjani isifo seLyme

Kusukela ngo-2018, kube nezimo zeLyme kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi awunayo indlela yokuzivikela. Uma uzoba ngaphandle ezindaweni ezinezihlahla, nciphisa ukuvezwa kwesikhumba sakho otshanini ngokugqoka amabhulukwe nemikhono enemikhono emide, bese usebenzisa umuthi oxosha umkhaza. Hlola isikhumba sakho kahle ngemuva kokuba ungaphandle, futhi ususe ngokucophelela noma imiphi imikhaza ngokushesha. (Funda imininingwane ephelele yokukhishwa kwemikhaza lapha .)

Noma ngabe ulunywe wumkhaza noma cha, naka njalo izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ezifana nokuthiikhanda, isiyezi, umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bemisipha, nokukhathala,okungaba yizimpawu zesifo seLyme. Futhi-ke, qaphela ukuqhuma kwamehlo kwenkunzi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okungenhla, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.