Main >> Imfundo Yezempilo >> Ukuphathwa kwemithi yeziguli ezinomdlavuza nabanakekeli

Ukuphathwa kwemithi yeziguli ezinomdlavuza nabanakekeli

Ukuphathwa kwemithi yeziguli ezinomdlavuza nabanakekeliImfundo Yezempilo

Ezigulini ezinomdlavuza, umuthi uyisici esibucayi sokululama. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi ethile yesiguli kuzokwakhiwa ngokubonisana nethimba lokunakekela. Leyo mithi izosebenza kahle kakhulu uma inikezwa ngemithamo nangezikhathi ezifanele.





Lo mhlahlandlela uzosiza iziguli ezinomdlavuza kanye nabanakekeli ukuphatha ngempumelelo ukugcinwa, isilinganiso, nezimo ezikhethekile ezihlobene nemithi yomdlavuza.



Yini ama-5 R okuphepha kwemithi?

Abanakekeli abalandela amaLungelo ama-5 okuphathwa kwemithi yibo abazosebenza kakhulu ekugcineni iziguli ezinomdlavuza ziphephile futhi ziphilile. Lezi yizinyathelo ezifanayo ezilandelwa ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa emtholampilo noma esibhedlela sakho.

  1. Isidakamizwa esifanele
  2. Umthamo ofanele
  3. Isikhathi esifanele
  4. Umzila ofanele
  5. Umuntu ofanele

Isidakamizwa esifanele

Njengoba ulungele ukufaka umuthi, okokuqala qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa efanele. Bheka ibhodlela lephilisi, bese ufunda igama lomuthi ngokuzwakalayo.

Umthamo ofanele

Isizathu esivamile semicimbi eyingozi yezidakamizwa sinikeza isilinganiso esingalungile. Leli phutha livame ukwenzeka lapho abanakekeli bengafundi kahle noma bengalinganiseli kahle inani elifanele.



Isikhathi esifanele

Uhlelo lwemithi luzophumelela kuphela uma umuthi ofanele unikezwa ngesikhathi esifanele . Isixazululo esihle kunazo zonke uhlelo lwemithi olubhaliwe.

Isheduli Yemithi Yansuku zonke

Umzila ofanele

Imithi yomdlavuza inganikezwa njengamaphilisi, uketshezi, ukwelashwa ngezihloko okugcotshwa esikhunjeni, kanye nokwelashwa okujova. Ukwelashwa ngomjovo kufaka phakathi imijovo emithanjeni (IV) noma imijovo ngomthambo, imijovo ye-intramuscular (IM) emisipheni, nemijovo engaphansi kwesikhumba (SQ). Landela izinkomba ezinikezwe ngomuthi, bese ucela usizo uma uzizwa ukuthi uyaludinga.



Umuntu ofanele

Amabhodlela amaphilisi angabukeka efana kakhulu. Njengesinyathelo sokugcina ngaphambi kokunikeza umuthi, bheka futhi umuthi owuphethe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uwunikeza isiguli esifanele.

Izeluleko ezijwayelekile zokuphathwa kwemithi yomdlavuza esebenzayo

Amasu amabili abalulekile azokusiza ukuthi unikeze imithi ngokuphepha kuyo yonke inqubo yokwelashwa: ukugcina uhlu lwemithi nokugcina imithi kahle. Ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwemithi kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaba yingozi.

Uhlu lwemithi

Uhlu lwemithi lumbhalo obucayi okuzobhekwa kuwo iziguli, abanakekeli, osokhemisi nodokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ungeza noma iziphi izithasiselo noma imishanguzo yokuthenga ohlwini ngaphezu kwemithi enqunyiwe.



Uhlu lwemithi kufanele lubandakanye igama lomuthi, isilinganiso noma ukuthi umuthi uphuzwa kanjani, lapho ukwelashwa ngemithi kuqala, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka onakho njengemiphumela emibi ohlangabezane nayo.

uhlu lwemithi



Isitoreji nokuphepha

Imithi yomdlavuza inamandla futhi iyingozi kakhulu uma ithathwa ngumuntu ongafanele noma iphathwe ngendlela engafanele.

Uma unomuntu ekhaya ongaziphuzisa ngephutha (njengengane noma isilwane), qiniseka ukuthi ugcina amaphilisi endaweni ephakeme angakwazi ukufinyelela kuyo. Ungase futhi ufune ukutshala imali ebhokisini lokukhiya lamaphilisi. Ungalokothi ugcine imithi yomdlavuza endlini yokugezela — umswakama unganciphisa ukusebenza kwawo.



Okufanelekile, kuphela umuntu othatha umuthi ozowuthinta. Uma umnakekeli edinga ukuphatha umuthi, kufanele enze kanjalo kuphela ngenkathi egqoke amagilavu.

Imithi eyingozi ekhaya

Uma noma imuphi umuthi othathwa ekhaya uyingozi, njengemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali efana ne-doxorubicin noma i-vincristine, abanakekeli bazodinga ukuthatha ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha.



Abanakekeli kufanele banikezwe amakhithi akhethekile anemiyalo nezinto zokwenziwa zokuhlanza ukuchitheka, neziqukathi ezikhethekile zokulahla imishanguzo eyingozi.

Le mithi isengaba khona ngobuningi obuyingozi oketshezini lomzimba, olufana nomchamo, igazi, amathe, njll. izindwangu ezingcoliswe ngamanzi ashisayo ngokwehlukana nokunye kokuwashwa.

Isiguli kufanele sinakekele ngokukhethekile lapho sisebenzisa indlu yangasese. Emahoreni angama-48 ngemuva kokwelapha umjovo noma i-IV, isiguli kufanele sishise ithoyilethi kabili ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa, sigeze izandla kahle, futhi sihlanze noma yiziphi izitho zomzimba ezinomchamo noma indle. Amanzi asendlini yangasese asengaba nomkhondo wamakhemikhali ayingozi, ngakho-ke izingane nezilwane ezifuywayo kufanele zigcinwe kude nendawo yokugezela.

Izidakamizwa ezinamandla zomdlavuza, njenganoma imuphi umuthi, kumele ithathwe ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze iphumelele kakhulu . Ukuphuthelwa izikhathi zokufakwa okuhleliwe ngokuphelele noma ukuthatha amaphilisi ngesikhathi esingalungile kungaba yingozi.

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uphatha wonke amaphilisi ngesikhathi esifanele, setha ama-alamu wesikhumbuzi kuwashi le-alamu noma isibali sikhathi. Uma une-smartphone, cabanga ukusebenzisa i uhlelo lokusebenza olwenzelwe ukuphathwa kwemithi .

Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukubhala phansi uhlelo lwemithi yansuku zonke ephepheni. Uhlu lomzimba lungakopishwa kalula futhi lwabiwe nabanye abanakekeli nabasizi bezempilo, futhi akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuhambisana kwefoni noma ukuphuma kwedatha okwenza uhlelo lwemithi lungafinyeleleki.

Ukuba nerekhodi lemithi yansuku zonke nakho kuyasiza kakhulu kuma-aphoyintimenti okulandelela nethimba lokunakekela lesiguli. Lezi zikhundla yisikhathi esikahle sokuxoxa ngokulungiswa kwesikhathi semithi esingasiza ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi etholwayo. Ungaxoxa ngokuhambisa isikhathi somthamo wokwelashwa eduze nesikhathi sokudla, ngokwesibonelo, noma ukude nesikhathi sokulala. Lezi yizibonelo nje. Ungalokothi wenze ushintsho ohlelweni lwemithi ngaphandle kokuxoxa kuqala nethimba labanakekeli elibelwe.

Ukuqonda ilebula lebhodlela kadokotela

Imvamisa, ilebula kadokotela linezingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili nezinhlobo zolwazi. Hlala wazi ukuthi amalebula akho kadokotela angahle abukeke ahlukile, kepha ngokujwayelekile azoba nokuqukethwe okufanayo okusohlwini ongakusebenzisa. Funda ukubona lezi zingxenye emithini yakho.
Izingxenye eziyi-8 zelebula kadokotela

  • Imininingwane yekhemisi: Imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nekhemisi eligcwalise incwadi yakho kadokotela
  • Imininingwane yakho: Imininingwane yokuxhumana nesiguli
  • Ukunikeza imininingwane kadokotela: Imininingwane yokuxhumana nodokotela noma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo
  • Igama lomuthi namandla: Igama lomkhiqizo, lamakhemikhali, noma elejwayelekile kanye nenani elilinganisiwe leyunithi eyodwa yomuthi
  • Imiyalo yokuphuza umuthi: Uzoyiphuza kanjani futhi nini imithi
  • Imininingwane kadokotela: Imininingwane ethile yokusiza ekuhleleni ukuthola ama-refill
  • Imininingwane yomenzi wemithi: Igama lenkampani ekhiqize umuthi wakho kanye nencazelo ebonakalayo yomuthi
  • Isitatimende sesixwayiso sikahulumeni: Izexwayiso zemithi egunyazwe nguhulumeni wase-U.S

Imithi eminingi kadokotela iza nemihlahlandlela yemithi evunyelwe yi-Federal Drug Administration (FDA). Le mihlahlandlela inolwazi mayelana nezinkinga ezithile zemithi ethile, futhi ingasiza iziguli ukuthi zigweme imiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Imijovo yasekhaya noma ukwelashwa ngemithambo

Uma kuphephile ukwenza njalo, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kunganikezwa ekhaya. Umsizi wezempilo ekhaya uzokwenza inqubo, noma aqeqeshe umnakekeli ukuthi enze kanjalo.

Uma umsizi wezempilo wasekhaya ehlinzeka ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha ekhaya, bazoba nesibopho sokufunda nokunakekela okokusebenza okukhethekile, njengamashubhu, ulayini, amachweba namakhetha asetshenziswa ekwelashweni komdlavuza. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Othile esikhungweni sokunakekela umdlavuza uzoqeqesha umsizi wezempilo wasekhaya noma umnakekeli ngemishini ethile ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ekhaya.

Gwema ukushintsha amakhemisi noma odokotela

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyinkimbinkimbi. Ithimba lokunakekela lizobe lilinganisela izinto eziningi ekwakheni uhlelo lwakho lwemithi, kufaka phakathi umlando wakho wezokwelapha owedlule, ukungezwani komzimba, isigaba somdlavuza, nokunye.

Ngoba inqubo ibandakanyeke kakhulu, kungcono ukuhlala ungaguquguquki nekhemisi oyisebenzisayo nodokotela obabonayo. Lokho kusho ukunamathela ekhemisi elilodwa kuyo yonke imithi yakho, uma kungenzeka.

Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo nokwelashwa kokugcinwa

Imidlavuza eminingi ilashwa ngenhloso yokuyiqeda emzimbeni. Lapho ukwelashwa kukulesi sigaba, kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okusebenzayo. Esimweni esihle kakhulu, isiguli sikhululekile ngokuphelele kumdlavuza ekugcineni kokwelashwa.

Eminye imidlavuza ayipheli emvelweni. Abakwazi ukwelashwa ngokuphelele; ziphathwa kuphela ngokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuqhubekayo ukugcina umdlavuza ungasabalali noma ube mubi. Imidlavuza enjalo ingafaka umdlavuza we-ovari, amanye ama-leukemias, namanye ama-lymphomas.

Uma ukwelashwa sekwehlise ngempumelelo izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza, lesi sifo kuthiwa siyathethelelwa. Lapho umdlavuza ungakhuli, kungabizwa ngokuthi ulawulwa noma uzinzile. Umdlavuza okhulayo uvame ukuchazwa njengasesigabeni sokuqhubeka. Uma umdlavuza ongapheli uqala ukuthuthuka, kuzodingeka ukuthi uqale kabusha ukwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-homeopathic, okunye, noma okuhambisanayo

Izibhedlela kanye nezindawo zokunakekela umdlavuza zithatha indlela esekwe ebufakazini yokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza okunconywe udokotela wakho kufakazele ukuthi kuyasebenza ekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo yeziguli ezinomdlavuza.

Kunezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezingafakazelwa ukuthi ziqeda umdlavuza, kepha zinganciphisa ezinye izimpawu zesifo. Ukuzindla kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka. Itiye lingasiza ukugaya noma ukunciphisa isicanucanu. Ukubhucungwa noma ukutshopa kungadambisa izinhlungu. Ochwepheshe abaningi bezokwelapha umdlavuza bakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha lapho zisetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela nokwelashwa okusekelwe ebufakazini.

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

I- imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza kungathinta ikhono lesiguli lokunamathela ohlelweni lwabo lwemithi. Isibonelo, ukudideka noma i-delirium kungumphumela obucayi ohambisana nokwelashwa komdlavuza nezidakamizwa zokudambisa izinhlungu. Ukuphela kokuqonda okungathi sína ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza-njengokukhohlwa amagama noma izinsuku, noma umuzwa ojwayelekile wokuba mnyama kwengqondo - kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi yi-chemo brain. Isiguli esingacabangi kahle singaba nesikhathi esinzima kunokujwayelekile sokukhumbula ukuthatha imishanguzo.

I-Chemotherapy ingathinta wonke umzimba. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yokwelashwa komdlavuza ifaka ukukhathala okujwayelekile, ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukuqunjelwa, uhudo, nezilonda zomlomo, phakathi kwabanye. Eminye imiphumela emibi, efana nesicanucanu, izinguquko zokunambitha nephunga, nobunzima bokugwinya, kungenza ukuphuza imithi kungathandeki.

Xoxa ngemiphumela emibi neqembu lakho lokunakekela. Uma imiphumela emibi inzima kangangoba isiguli asisakwazi ukuphuza imishanguzo yaso ngokuphepha, kungenziwa ukulungisa umthamo noma uhlobo lomuthi.

Uzoxhumana nini ngokushesha nethimba lakho lezokwelapha

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza, isiguli sichitha isikhathi sabo esiningi ekhaya. Izinkinga eziningi zezokwelapha ezenzeka ekhaya zingaphathwa ngumgcini noma isiguli uqobo. Kepha uma kwenzeka enye yalezi zehlakalo, finyelela eqenjini lakho lokunakekela.

Ukuphathwa Kwemithi Yomdlavuza

  • Udinga ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwemithi yakho
  • Ulahlekelwa, uchithe, noma uhlanze umthamo
  • Omunye umuntu ngephutha uthatha imithi yesiguli somdlavuza
  • Noma yikuphi ukubomvu, imfudumalo, ukuvuvukala, ukulimala, noma ubuhlungu ethekwini noma endaweni yokujova
  • Imfiva
  • Isiguli asikwazi ukuthatha ukwelashwa noma senqabe ukwelashwa
  • Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nomuthi

Ukulahlwa okuphephile kwemithi ehlobene nomdlavuza

Nganoma imuphi umuthi, ukulahlwa okuphephile kubalulekile. Imithi ngamakhemikhali anamandla ayingozi uma efakwe ngengozi, noma uma engena enhlabathini noma emanzini angaphansi komhlaba.

Imithi yomdlavuza ivame ukuba yingozi ngokweqile. Ithimba lakho lokunakekela kufanele likunikeze imiyalo ethile yokulahla le mithi ngokuphepha uma ingasadingeki. Ungathola futhi okokusebenza okukhethekile njengesitsha se-biohazard. Akufanele uzame ukuthola ukuthi ungayilahla kanjani imithi yomdlavuza. Uma unganikwanga imiyalo ethile noma ungakhumbuli ukuthi imiyalo ibiyini, shayela iqembu lakho lokunakekela bese ucela usizo.

Umdlavuza uyesabisa, kepha ukuphathwa kwemithi akudingeki kube njalo

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza onolaka kungaba yinto eshintsha impilo. Amaphilisi, izinaliti namashubhu afakwa emithanjeni angahle abe ingxenye yempilo yakho okwesikhashana njengeposi lansuku zonke. Kubanakekeli, uzobe uthatha indima entsha njengomhlengikazi wesikhashana. Kepha uneqembu labasebenza ngokuzinikela besikhathi esigcwele ngemuva kwakho. Zizokusiza uthole uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lokwelashwa kwasekhaya ngokuya ngokutholakala kwakho namakhono akho. Zifundise ngokufunda imihlahlandlela enjengale, kodwa unganqikazi ukucela usizo. Ungakwenza lokhu.