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Amaski obuso 101: Okudingayo ukwazi ngokufihla

Amaski obuso 101: Okudingayo ukwazi ngokufihlaUkuphila kahle

Ukugqoka imaski yobuso kungenye yezindlela zokuqapha ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazithatha ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwe-coronavirus, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-COVID-19. Ezinye izinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele uzithathe? Izikhulu zezempilo zomphakathi zincoma ukuwashwa kwezandla, ukunqamulelwa umphakathi okungenani ngamamitha angu-6, ukungathinti ubuso bakho, nokuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane endaweni ezungezile. Ngokwenza zonke lezi zindlela zokuphepha, awukwazi nje ukuzigcina wena nomndeni wakho niphilile — kepha nomphakathi wakho wonkana.





Kodwa nje ngoba uyakwazi wena kufanele ukufihla akusho ukuthi uyazi Kanjani . Lapha, sikhuluma nochwepheshe bezifo ezithathelwanayo ngokuthi iziphi izinto ezingcono kakhulu kumamaski obuso asebenza kabusha, ukuthi uzigqoka kanjani kahle, nokuthi uzihlanza nini futhi kanjani.



Amaski obuso akuvimbela kanjani ukusabalala kwe-coronavirus?

Izindwangu noma izifihla-buso zokuhlinza zisiza ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwezifo zokuphefumula njenge-COVID-19 ngamaconsi asemoyeni akhululwa ngesikhathi sokuthimula, ukukhwehlela, noma ngisho nokukhuluma, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezincane ezingenamoya omncane. (Ukugqoka isifihla-buso nakho kungakuvikela emkhuhlaneni noma emkhuhlaneni, okuthathwe isifundo sango-2018 nakho kungasakazwa emoyeni Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqoka isifihla-buso kungasho ukuthi ngeke ugule uma unenkinga ye-coronavirus. Kufanele ugqoke imaski ezungeze noma ngubani ongahlali naye.

Inhloso enkulu yokumboza ubuso bezindwangu ukunciphisa ukudluliswa kwe-SARS-CoV-2 [COVID-19] kubantu abanegciwane abangathathelana kodwa abangenazo izimpawu zokwelashwa zaleli gciwane noma abangaba nezimpawu zokuqala noma ezimnene abazenzayo angazi, usho URavina Kullar , Pharm.D., MPH, uzakwabo kanye nomkhulumeli we I-Infectious Diseases Society of America . Kodwa-ke, i-CDC ibuye ithi ukumbozwa ubuso nakho kunganikela ngokuvikelwa kokungaphinde kuvezwe ku-coronavirus. Asazi namanje ukuthi umuntu angaphinde atheleleke futhi.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva oluvela eU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lilinganisela ukuthi u-40% wezifo ze-coronavirus e-United States akunampawu . Ungaba ne-pre-symptomatic, noma, uma ngabe kube nesikhathi esinqunyiwe selokhu uhlolwe futhi uthola ukuhlolwa okungekuhle, ubungalithola igciwane ngaleso sikhathi.



Amaski obuso amahle kakhulu wokuvikelwa kwe-coronavirus

Kunamaski amaningi avuselelekayo ongakhetha kuwo, kusuka kumamaski endwangu anemibala online kuya kwemfashini kusuka kumklami wakho owathandayo. Isifihla-buso sobuso esihle kakhulu sinezendwangu eziningi zendwangu (izifihla-buso zikakotini zihamba phambili) futhi zingena kahle emakhaleni omuntu ozigqokile, emlonyeni nasesiswini. Amanye amaski eza namapokhethi ezihlungi ezilahlwayo. Ungathenga futhi izimaski ezisetshenziswa kanye ngobuningi online noma ezitolo zokudla noma zezidakamizwa.

Izinhlobo zobuso buso
Izinto zokwakha Izinto zokwakha Ukusebenza Kuhle kakhulu ku-
Imaski ye-n95 Imicu plastic zokwenziwa Amabhulokhi ama-95% ezinhlayiya ezincane Abasebenzi bezempilo
Izihlangu zobuso Ipulasitiki noma indwangu Yehlisa ukuvezwa kwegciwane ngokushesha nge 96% kungakapheli i-18 yokukhwehlela Abasebenzi bezempilo ngaphezu kwesifihla-buso sobuso; abantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula abangakwazi ukugqoka imaski
Amaski angasetshenziswa kabusha Indwangu Uvimba amaconsi ngo-2,5; kufanele igezwe phakathi kokusebenzisa ngakunye Umphakathi jikelele
Amamaski wokusetshenziswa okukodwa Iphepha noma okunye okungalukiwe Uvimba amaconsi ngo-8; kufanele ilahlwe ngemuva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye Umphakathi jikelele

Ucwaningo lwamuva basebenzise umshini wentuthu kanye ne-manikin ukulingisa ukukhwehlela komuntu ukukala ngokubonakalayo ukuthi amathonsi azohamba ibanga elingakanani.

Amaconsi ahamba ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-8 ngaphandle kwesifihla-buso. Umnqobi ocacile ube ngu- imaski yendwangu yenziwe ngamatshe amabili okotini we-quilting, owamisa amaconsi cishe ngamasentimitha angu-2,5. A imaski elahlwayo (kuleli cala, iCVS Cone Face Mask eyenziwe ngemicu ehlukahlukene) igcine amaconsi ukuthi angahambi ibanga elingaphezu kwamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili. Ekugcineni, i-folded iduku futhi bandana zazingcono kungelutho, kepha hhayi kakhulu.



Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukukhwehlela okungavundululiwe okwenziwe kungakwazi ukuhamba kude kakhulu kunesiqondiso esinconywayo samanje sokuhambisa amabanga ayisithupha, isifundo siphetha.

Isifihla-buso sobuso esihamba phambili sokuvikelwa kwe-coronavirus: Ishadi lebanga le-jet lokuphefumula eliphefumulayo

Esinye isifundo kuhlolwe ukuvikelwa kwe izihlangu zobuso kuqhathaniswa nobuso buso. Yize izihlangu zobuso zibambe amanye amaconsi aqonde ebusweni, amanye amaconsi abesekwazi ukuhamba azungeze isihlangu.



Ukuphefumula kwe-N95 namaski afanayo ebanga lezokwelapha kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha abaphambili, abasadinga kakhulu okokuvikela (PPE).

Ama-N95 kufanele afakelwe ukusebenza kahle, futhi awukwazi ukuwagqoka isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into esiyincomayo, abantu abagqoke nje uma bengaphandle emphakathini, kusho uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo U-Amesh Adalja , MD, isazi esiphakeme eJohns Hopkins University Center for Health Security. Sifuna futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sine-N95 eyanele yabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo — ngakho-ke ungase ukwazi ukuwathola ukuze athengiswe, kodwa akuyona into esincoma ukuthi abantu bayithenge.



Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuzivikela kuyancomeka, kodwa umphakathi jikelele awudingi isifihla-buso sobuso bezokwelapha ukushaya esitolo; imaski yobuso bukakotini ilungile.

Ngubani okufanele afake izembozo zobuso?

Ngokusho kwe- i-CDC , wonke umuntu kufanele afake isembozo sobuso kuzilungiselelo zomphakathi. Kunamaqembu ambalwa akhishiwe kulesi sincomo:



  • Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala
  • Noma ngubani onenkinga yokuphefumula
  • Noma ngubani oqulekile, okhubazekile, noma ngenye indlela akakwazi ukususa indwangu yokumboza ubuso ngaphandle kosizo

Kulabo abanenkinga yokuphefumula, uDkt. Kullar uthi ezinye izindlela zingasetshenziswa, njengesihlangu sobuso.

Yimiphi imithetho ezungeze imaski yobuso ne-coronavirus?

Imithetho yemaski yehlukile kuzo zonke izifundazwe futhi naphakathi kwamadolobha. # Masks4All zinciphise izinombolo, futhi cishe zonke izifundazwe okungenani zinemihlahlandlela ethile ekhona, ngenani elikhulayo elizigunyaza emphakathini ngandlela thile. Izinhlawulo zokungafaki imaski ziyehluka ngendawo, kepha zingafaka inhlawulo noma amasamanisi.



Amabhizinisi angahlawuliswa uma engahambisani nemithetho yendawo. Kungenzeka ukwenqaba inkonzo kumakhasimende angagqokile izifihla-buso, noma ubacele ukuthi bafake enye ngaphambi kokungena ebhizinisini labo, noma ngabe lapho izimaski zingagunyaziwe ngokomthetho.

Wenza kanjani amaski obuso ekhaya

I- i-CDC inikeza imiyalelo yokwenza izinhlobo ezimbili zamaski obuso bendwangu: akukho-thunga nokujwayelekile.

Amaski obuso angathungwa

Uzodinga ucezu lwendwangu kakotini olungu-20 × 20 (kusuka esikhafu, ibhande, ithawula, noma isikibha) namabhande erabha noma othayi bezinwele. (Ungabheka nezinyathelo zevidiyo lapha .)

  1. Songa indwangu ngesigamu
  2. Songa phezulu phansi nangaphansi ukuze uhlangane phakathi.
  3. Beka amabhande enjoloba ahlukaniswe ngamasentimitha ayisithupha endwangwini.
  4. Songa imikhawulo yendwangu uyifake phakathi bese uyifaka emabhendeni enjoloba ukwenza izihibe zezindlebe.

Indlela yokwenza imaski yobuso emiyalweni yasekhaya

Indwangu ejwayelekile yobuso bendwangu

Ngaphezu komshini wokuthunga, uzodinga noxande ababili bendwangu kakotini, elinganisa amasentimitha ayi-10 × 6 lilinye; ucezu olubili lwama-intshi angu-6 noma into efanayo; inaliti nentambo; nesikele.

Imiyalo ye-CDC zimi kanje.

  1. Beka izingcezu zikakotini ngaphezulu komunye nomunye.
  2. Songa izinhlangothi ezinde ¼ intshi nehem. Bese ugoqa ungqimba ophindwe kabili wendwangu ngaphezu kwama-intshi angu-along ezinhlangothini ezimfushane bese ugoba phansi.
  3. Qalisa ubude obungamasentimitha ayisithupha okunwebeka okungu-1/8-intshi ububanzi ngomphetho obanzi ohlangothini ngalunye lwemaski. Lezi kuzoba izihibe zezindlebe. Sebenzisa inaliti enkulu noma iphini le-bobby ukuyifaka ngentambo. Bopha imikhawulo ngokuqinile. (Ungafaka esikhundleni se-ponytail holders, imichilo yendwangu, noma amabhande asekhanda ukudala izihibe zezindlebe.)
  4. Donsa ngobumnene ukunwebeka ukuze amafindo afakwe ngaphakathi komphetho. Hlanganisa izinhlangothi zemaski kunwebeka bese ulungisa ukuze imaski ilingane ebusweni bakho. Bese uqinisa ngokunwebeka endaweni ukuze kungashibilikisi.

Uyithunga kanjani imaski yobuso bendwangu

Ungasigqoka isikhathi esingakanani imaski elahlwayo?

Ukugcina izimaski zakho zihlanzekile kubalulekile ukumisa ukusabalala kwe-COVID-19, ngakho-ke sebenzisa imaski yakho kanye ngaphambi kokuyigeza noma uyilahle uma ilahlwa. Cabanga ngesifihla-buso sakho — ikakhulukazi ingaphambili nesihlungi — ukuthi singcoliswe njalo lapho usetshenziswa.

UDkt. Kullar uncoma le ndlela elandelayo yokususa imaski ngakho-ke ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuchayeka:

  1. Hlanza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi noma nge-sanitizer ngaphambi kokuthinta imaski.
  2. Gwema ukuthinta ingaphambili lesifihla-buso ngoba singcolisiwe.
  3. Thinta kuphela izihibe zezindlebe / izibopho / ibhande.
  4. Bamba zombili izihibe zezindlebe bese uphakamisa ngobumnene bese ususa imaski.
  5. Geza bese womisa izandla kahle.

Amathiphu wokuhlanza amaski

Uma unesifihla-buso esigezekayo, ungaphonsa imaski yakho nayo yonke enye impahla yakho yokuwasha bese uyisebenzisa endaweni eshisayo. Uma ungenakho ukufinyelela kumshini wokuwasha, ungakhathazeki. Ungageza imaski yakho ngesandla usebenzisa amanzi ashisayo nensipho, bese uyiyeka yome. (The i-CDC futhi inemininingwane yokuthi ungaxuba kanjani i-bleach namanzi ndawonye ukuthola imask enhle cwilisa.)

Uma imaski yakho ingasalingani ubuso bakho futhi kunezikhala phakathi kwendwangu nesilevu sakho, izihlathi, noma ikhala, sekuyisikhathi sokuyifaka esikhundleni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kukwenza ulinge kakhulu ukuthinta ubuso bakho ukulungisa imaski yakho.

Uma singathola wonke umuntu ukuthi agqoke imaski njengamanje ngicabanga ukuthi emasontweni amane, ayisithupha, ayisishiyagalombili singalawula lo bhubhane, kusho URobert Redfield , MD, umqondisi we-CDC. Ukugqoka imaski kungangeza izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezengeziwe osukwini lwakho futhi uzizwe ungakhululekile, kodwa kuwumzamo omncane wokukhokhelwa okukhulu kangaka.