Ungakunciphisa kanjani ukuvezwa kwakho yimisebe ye-UV

Ukuphila kahle

Akukho okushiwo ihlobo njengesithembiso sezinsuku ezinde ezichithwa elangeni. Njengoba amabhishi ekhanga, nemindeni ishisa ama-grill abo asemuva, ochwepheshe bathi kubalulekile nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela isikhumba elangeni lasehlobo. I-U.S. UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu uqambe inyanga kaJulayi Inyanga Yezokuphepha ye-UV , njengesikhumbuzo sokuzivikela elangeni phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo lapho imisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) inamandla kakhulu.

Iyini imisebe ye-ultraviolet?

Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet (UV) iyingxenye yamandla emvelo akhiqizwa yilanga futhi enziwe ngabantu, imithombo yokufakelwa efana nemibhede yokushuka yasendlini, amalambu amnyama, namalambu e-halogen, ngokusho kuka-Elizabeth Goldberg, MD, udokotela wesikhumba oqinisekiswe yibhodi eNew York City, kanye nomkhulumeli weThe Skin Cancer Foundation. Imisebe ye-UV iwela maphakathi nomthambo we-electromagnetic ngemisebe yamandla aphezulu (okungukuthi, ama-X-ray) kolunye uhlangothi nemisebe ephansi yemvamisa (okungukuthi, amagagasi omsakazo) kolunye.

Ilanga likhipha izinhlobo ezintathu zemisebe ye-UV:

• Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet A (UVA) angene ajule kunemisebe ye-UVB futhi angadala amangqamuzana esikhumba ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi aholele ekulimaleni kwesikhumba njengamabala elanga, imibimbi nomdlavuza wesikhumba.
• Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet B (UVB) ziqine kakhulu futhi zibhekene nokushiswa yilanga kanye nokwakhiwa kweningi lomdlavuza wesikhumba.
• Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet C (UVC) ziyingozi ngempela kubantu abasebenza ngamathoshi okushisela noma amalambu e-mercury.

Njengoba imisebe yelanga ye-UV iqine kakhulu phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama, uDkt.Goldberg utusa ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga lakho phakathi nalezi zikhathi.

Iyingozi kangakanani imisebe ye-UV?

Ngisho nokukhanya okuqine kakhulu kwe-ultraviolet akunawo amandla anele okungena ngokujulile emzimbeni, ngakho-ke imiphumela eyinhloko yezempilo esikhumbeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isikhumba sakho sikhiqiza uvithamini D lapho sichayeka emisebeni ye-UV. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iningi lomdlavuza wesikhumba liwumphumela wokuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society .

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuchayeka kakhulu emisebeni ye-UV kungakhuphula ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba, kusho uDkt Goldberg.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zomdlavuza wesikhumba: i-basal cell carcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, ne-melanoma. I-Basal cell carcinoma kanye nama-squamous cell cancer akhona iningi lomdlavuza wesikhumba, kepha uDkt.Goldberg uthi i-melanoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olubi kakhulu luyanda. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku Ijenali Yomhlaba Wonke Yomdlavuza ithole ukuthi ama-91% ama-melanomas, okuyindlela ebucayi kakhulu yomdlavuza wesikhumba, axhunyaniswe nemisebe ye-UV, ikakhulu ngenxa yokushiswa yilanga.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani lamacala amasha we-melanoma ngo-2020 azokhuphuka cishe ngo-2%, kusho uDkt Goldberg. Yize ethi okunye kwalokhu kukhuphuka ngezindlela ezingcono zokuthola.

Ngenkathi abantu abasengozini enkulu yomdlavuza wesikhumba bekhuthazwa ukuthi bahlolelwe isikhumba esigcwele emzimbeni kudokotela wesikhumba kanye ngonyaka, uDkt.Goldberg uphawula ukuthi amazinga omdlavuza wesikhumba kwabesifazane abasebasha nawo andile, isibalo esichazwe ngokwengxenye ukushuka imibhede ethi sebenzisa imisebe ye-UVA.

Izici zomdlavuza wesikhumba zibandakanya abantu abane:

• izinwele ezimhloshana noma ezibomvu namehlo anombala okhanyayo
• umlando wokushiswa yilanga
• Izinsumpa ezishintsha ukuma noma umbala
• ama-freckles noma obani abashiswa yilanga kalula
• umlando womndeni womdlavuza wesikhumba
• isimo se-immunocompromised

Izingozi zifaka nabantu abasezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, emithini ethile, noma abachayeka emisebeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kwe-UV nakho kungandisa ingozi yezifo zamehlo. Isikhungo saseMelika se-Ophthalmology uthi ukuvezwa imisebe ye-UV isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kokuvikelwa yilanga ngendlela efanele, kungaholela ekhathazweni, ukonakala kwe-macular, nokuningi.

Kukhona nemiphumela yemisebe ye-UV kumasosha omzimba, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu emzimbeni ukulwa nokutheleleka nokuphendula emithini yokugoma.

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi ngokwenza izindlela ezilula zokuvikela ilanga, unganciphisa izingozi zemisebe ye-UV futhi wehlise amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-sunscreen kahle

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ukuvikela emisebeni ye-UV-kodwa kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa kahle. Sebenzisa lawa masu okuvikela ilanga ukuvikela isikhumba sakho nokunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kwelanga.

Khetha isivikelo selanga esifanele . Khetha isikrini selanga esibanzi, esizovikela emisebeni ye-UVA ne-UVB. UDkt.Goldberg uthi ufuna enye enesici sokuvikela ilanga (SPF) engama-30 noma ngaphezulu.

Futhi uma unesikhumba esibucayi noma i-psoriasis, uDebra Jaliman, MD, udokotela wesikhumba oqinisekisiwe webhodi we-NYC uthi ungahle uthande ukuthola isikhumba selanga somzimba — esiqukethe izithako zamaminerali ezifana ne-titanium dioxide noma i-zinc oxide-kunokuba i-sunscreen yamakhemikhali. Ama-sunscreen amakhemikhali enziwe ngezithako zokwenziwa ngenkathi ama-sunscreen amaminerali engokwemvelo, usho kanjalo. Gwema imikhiqizo ene-Oxybenzone ne-PABA. Uma ujwayele ukuba nezinduna, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebhalwe ukuthi ayinayo i-comedogenic noma i-oyela.

Gcoba isivikelo selanga kahle. Inani elinconywayo lesikrini selanga yizipuni ezimbili, noma okulingana nengilazi yokudubula. Ungakhohlwa iziqongo zezindlebe zakho nangemuva kwentamo yakho, izindawo uDkt Goldberg athi zivame ukuphuthelwa futhi zivezwe yimisebe ye-UV.

Uma usebenzisa i-sunscreen yokufafaza, uDkt Jaliman uthi kubalulekile ukuyihlikihla kahle.

Uzofuna ukufaka isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokuphuma ungene elangeni bese uletha ibhodlela nawe nomaphi lapho uya khona.

Kubalulekile futhi ukufaka isicelo sokuzivikela elangeni njalo emahoreni amabili usuku lonke, kusho uDkt. Goldberg, noma njalo ngehora uma ubhukuda noma ujuluka.

Kubalulekile ukufaka i-sunscreen isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokuphuma ungene elangeni, kusho uDkt. Goldberg. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi ufaka i-sunscreen eyanele, inani elinconyiwe yizipuni ezimbili, noma okulingana nengilazi yesibhamu.

Uma ufaka i-sunscreen, uDkt.Goldberg uthi kubalulekile ukunganaki phezulu kwezindlebe nangemuva kwentamo, zombili izindawo ezivame ukuphuthelwa futhi zivezwe yimisebe ye-UV.

Yenza i-sunscreen ibe ingxenye yomkhuba wakho . Qala usuku lwakho ngokufaka amafutha okuthambisa ebusweni aqukethe i-sunscreen, ngisho nasebusika. Lokhu kuzokuvikela emiphumeleni yesikhathi eside yokuvezwa yilanga nsuku zonke: imibimbi, isikhumba esishintshe umbala, nesikhumba esomile. Futhi, isikhumba sakho sizozizwa sinamanzi!

Kufanele uqoqe wonke umzimba wakho sonke isikhathi — hhayi nje lapho uya olwandle. Eqinisweni, uDkt.Goldberg uthi kufanele uhlale ugcoba i-sunscreen ngaphambi kokuba uphume endlini ukuvikela ekushisweni yilanga ngenkathi ushayela.

Ucwaningo kushicilelwe ku- Ijenali yeAmerican Academy of Dermatology ithole ukuthi cishe u-53% womdlavuza wesikhumba e-United States uvela ohlangothini lwesobunxele, noma ohlangothini lomshayeli womzimba.

Ukukhanya kwe-UV kungangena emafasiteleni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi usuku lonke futhi kungadala umonakalo ofanayo sengathi uzobe usebhishi noma echibini, uDkt Jaliman uyanezela. Njalo lapho ilanga lishaya isikhumba sakho, noma ngabe uphume ngqo elangeni noma endlini uthola ukukhanya kwelanga okungaqondile, isikhumba sakho sivezwa yimisebe ye-UV.

Sebenzisa i-sunscreen noma ngabe liguqubele . Futhi, yebo, le mithetho iyasebenza konke usuku — hhayi nje izinsuku ezinelanga. Ngaphandle kokushoda kwelanga, kusenokwenzeka ukushiswa yilanga ngosuku olunamafu.

Ngenkathi amafu engavimba ilanga, uDkt Jaliman uthi, ayivimbeli imisebe ye-UV.

OKUSHIWO: Ingabe i-sunscreen iyaphela?

Izinsana nezingane zisengcupheni yokushiswa yilanga

Izinsana nezingane banamandla alinganiselwe okuzivikela futhi bathembele kubantu abadala ukukhawulela ukuvezwa kwabo kwe-UV. Futhi banokwanda kokuchayeka kwendawo ebusweni kanye nesikhumba esintekenteke ngokwengeziwe. I- I-American Academy Yezingane inikeza okulandelayo amathiphu :

• Gcina izingane zingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen kancane ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Ezinganeni ezingaphezulu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, gcoba isivikelo selanga kusenesikhathi futhi kaningi futhi unakekele ukugwema amehlo.
• Uma kungenzeka, gwema isithako sesikrini selanga i-oxybenzone ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngezindawo ze-hormonal eziphansi.
• Ezingxenyeni ezibucayi zomzimba, ezinjengamakhala, izihlathi, iziqongo zezindlebe namahlombe, khetha isivikelo selanga esine-zinc oxide noma i-titanium dioxide.
• Ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa, fonela noma ufune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma zithola ukushiswa yilanga. Ezinganeni ezindadlana, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kukhona ukushaywa ngamakhala, ubuhlungu, noma imfiva.
• Vikela amehlo ezingane ngezibuko zelanga ezinesilinganiso esifanele ngokuvikela kwe-UV.

Ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela ekuchayekeni kwe-UV

Yize ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen kuwumkhuba omuhle ukuqala-akufanele kube ukuphela komthombo wakho wokuvikelwa, kusho uDkt. Jaliman, ophinde abe ngumsizi kaprofesa wesikhumba e-Icahn School of Medicine eMount Sinai kanye nombhali we Imithetho Yesikhumba: Izimfihlo Zokuhweba ezivela ku-Top New York Dermatologist .

Uma uzoba selangeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engu-15 ngosuku, uDkt Jaliman noDkt Goldberg batusa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Nciphisa isikhathi elangeni lasemini

Imisebe yelanga ye-UV iqine kakhulu phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. Kangangokunokwenzeka, nciphisa ukuvelela elangeni ngalezi zikhathi.

Thwala isigqoko

Isigqoko ngeke nje sivikele ubuso bakho, ikakhulukazi amehlo, emisebeni ye-UV — kodwa sizovikela nezinwele zakho nesikhumba sakho. Ngincoma ukuthi ngigqoke isigqoko esibanzi sobubanzi okungenani obunemiphetho emi-2 kanye ne-Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) engama-30-50, kusho uDkt Jaliman.

Sebenzisa isambulela noma enye idivayisi yokufiphaza

Unganciphisa ukuvezwa yilanga ngokufiphaza ngaphansi kwesambulela, isisitho selanga, noma isihlahla, kepha lezi zinhlaka azinikeli ukuvikelwa okuphelele, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela.

Ungakhohlwa izibuko zelanga

Yize ukuvikela isikhumba sakho emisebeni ye-UV kubalulekile, kubalulekile futhi ukuvikela amehlo akho. UDkt Jaliman uncoma ukuthenga izibuko zelanga ezinikela ngokuvikelwa kwe-UV okungu-100%. Lezi zibuko zivikela amehlo akho kuyo yomibili imisebe ye-UVA ne-UVB, usho kanjalo. Ngokuvimba imisebe ye-UV, ivimbela ukulimala kwamehlo futhi ivikele isikhumba esibucayi esizungeze amehlo akho.

Thenga izingubo ezi-sun-smart

Uma uzochitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle, hlakanipha ngezingubo nezimpahla zokubhukuda ozikhethayo. Ukugqoka nge-Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) kukala ukuthi i-UV ingadlula kangakanani endwangwini, kusho uDkt Jaliman. Bheka inombolo ephezulu ye-UP ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okungcono elangeni. Kukonke, okokugqoka kuyisivikelo esihle selanga. Khetha okokuphefumula okunjengendwangu ukuvikela ukushisa noma ukuqhuma.

Bheka inkomba ye-UV

Ngaphambi kokuya elangeni, hlola i- Inkomba ye-UV , okunikeza isibikezelo sengozi elindelekile yokuchayeka ngokweqile emisebeni ye-UV evela elangeni. Isiphetho esiphansi sesikali se-UV sikhombisa ukuthi kunemisebe embalwa elimazayo, uma amaphuzu ephakeme, isibalo semisebe eyingozi siba sikhulu. Ngombhalo ophakeme we-UV we-6 noma ngaphezulu, ukulimala kwelanga kungenzeka ngokushesha, okukhombisa ukuthi kufanele ubeke isikhathi sakho elangeni noma uhlale endlini ngangokunokwenzeka ngalezo zinsuku.

Futhi akuyona nje ingozi engaphandle: Kufanele ugweme izibani zelanga nemibhede yokushuka ukuze uzivikele ekuchayekeni kwe-UV. Ukuqapha ukuvikela isikhumba sakho kuzo zonke izimo kuzoba nomthelela ohlala njalo. Ngokulandela le mihlahlandlela evunyelwe udokotela, wena nomndeni wakho kufanele nikwazi ukujabulela usuku elangeni ngaphandle kokwesaba imisebe ye-UV.