Ubani onganikela ngegazi-futhi ngubani ongakwazi

Ukuphila kahle

Ukunikela ngegazi kusho ukunikela ngesipho sempilo, kepha naphezu kwesidingo esiqhubekayo seminikelo yegazi, kuphela 3 kokungu-100 abantu banikela ngegazi. Ngeziguli e-U.S. Ezidinga igazi njalo ngemizuzwana emibili, amabhange egazi esizwe ahlala efuna abanikeli bokuzithandela ukuze balondoloze ukutholakala kwegazi okutholakala kalula.

Kungani kufanele unikele ngegazi?

Ukunikela ngegazi okukodwa kungasindisa izimpilo zabantu abangafika kwabathathu, kusho uRoss Coyle, okhulumela iStanford Blood Center, isikhungo esizimele somphakathi egazini ePalo Alto, eCalifornia. Iminikelo yegazi yehla kakhulu phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika nasehlobo, ngenxa yesimo sezulu namaholide, kepha isidingo seminikelo yegazi siyinkinga yonyaka wonke.

Ngaphezu kokwenza okuthile okuhle kwabanye, ukunikela ngegazi nakho kunikeza izinzuzo zezempilo ezinhle kubaxhasi. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukunikela ngegazi kungathuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo ngokwehlisa cholesterol nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuthi isifo senhliziyo.

Lisetshenziselwani igazi elinikelwe?

UJohn Cunha, DO, ongudokotela wezimo eziphuthumayo e-Holy Cross Hospital eFort Lauderdale, eFlorida, uthi ukunikela ngegazi kubaluleke kakhulu ngezizathu eziningi futhi kuyadingeka kuzo zombili izimo eziphuthumayo nokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside.

Igazi elinikelwayo lisetshenziselwa iziguli ezihlukumezekile ezinjengalezo ezalimala ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo noma ezinhlekeleleni ezinkulu, iziguli ezinomdlavuza ezidinga ukumpontshelwa igazi nalabo abalahlekelwa yigazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu, kusho uDkt Cunha. Ngeke wazi ukuthi wena noma umuntu omthandayo angawudinga nini umnikelo wegazi.

Nginganikela ngegazi?

Yiziphi izidingo zokunikela ngegazi?

Wonke amabhange egazi agcina izimfuneko zokuba kufanelekile kwabanikeli ukuze bavikele bobabili abanikela ngegazi nalabo abalamukelayo. UCoyle uthi labo abanesifiso sokunikela ngegazi kufanele bacabangele lokhu okulandelayo, bese beluleka ukuthi baxhumane nebhange lakho lasendaweni uma unemibuzo eyengeziwe:

Ubudala : Abanikeli begazi kumele okungenani babe neminyaka eyi-17 ubudala (noma i-16 kwezinye izifundazwe nefomu lokuvuma lomzali elisayiniwe). UCoyle uthi awukho umkhawulo weminyaka ephezulu ekunikeleni ngegazi uma nje unempilo enhle.

Isisindo: Abanikeli begazi kufanele babe nempilo enhle futhi babe nesisindo samakhilogremu ayi-110 ukuze bakwazi ukufaneleka. Akukho mkhawulo ongaphezulu wesisindo.

Yini ezokufanelekela ekunikeleni ngegazi?

Azikho izidingo eziningi eziseduze nobani can nikela ngegazi, kodwa kunezimo eziningi ezingakuvimbela ekunikeleni.

Ukushoda kwegazi : Ongoti bathi i-hemoglobin ephansi amazinga (ngaphansi kuka-12.5 g / dL), angakhombisa amazinga aphansi ensimbi, ayisizathu sokuqala esenza abantu bangakwazi ukunikela ngegazi. Uma unezinga eliphansi le-hemoglobin, ibhange legazi lingasikisela ukubonisana nodokotela wakho ngokuthi ungawakhuphula kanjani amazinga akho bese ubuya ngokuzayo uzonikela ngegazi.

Uvalo : Abanye bathi banqena ukunikela ngegazi ekukhathazekeni ngenqubo efana nenaliti yokwesaba noma ukwesaba ukuquleka. UCoyle uthi ukunikela ngegazi kuphephile futhi kuthatha imizuzu engu-5-10 kuphela. Iningi labaxhasi lizizwa lihle ngemuva kwalokho futhi alinayo imiphumela emibi.

Ukukhulelwa : Abesifazane abakwazi ukunikela ngegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwabo noma amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva kokubeletha.

Abanikeli be-LGBTQ : I- inqubomgomo yamanje ye-FDA uthi abesilisa abayizitabane nabesilisa nabesilisa abakwazi ukunikela ngegazi ngaphandle kwalapho beyeke ukuya ocansini ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule. Okwamanje iRed Cross isebenza ukuguqula ukuhlehliselwa ezinyangeni ezintathu.

Ama-tattoo nokubhoboza : Ezifundazweni eziningi, uma i- ukudweba umzimba emzimbeni noma indlebe / ukubhoboza umzimba kwenziwa indawo enelayisense nochwepheshe esifundazweni sakho kusetshenziswa izinaliti eziyinyumba noyinki ongasetshenziswanga, ayikho inkathi yokuhlehlisa. Ezifundazweni ezingalawuli izindawo ze-tattoo, kungahle kube nesikhathi sokuhlehliswa. Buza ebhange lakho lasendaweni ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Uhambo lamazwe aphesheya : UCoyle uthi labo abanakho ukuhamba noma ukuhlala kwelinye izwe , bangathola isikhathi sokuhlehliswa ngokuya ngokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi bavezwa yisifo esithathelwanayo esiqhamukayo. Isibonelo, ukuba negciwane le-Ebola kwenza abazobhapathizwa bangafaneleki ukunikela ngegazi. Ukuchayeka ezifweni ezithwalwa omiyane ezifana nodenga noma i-chikungunya, kungahle kuholele ekuhlehlisweni kuze kuxazululwe izimpawu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abahambe noma abahlala emazweni lapho umalaleveva ukudluliswa kwenzeka, izophinde ithole ukuhlehliswa kweminyaka engu-1-3.

Imithi : Uma uthatha imiyalo ethile njengabanciphisi begazi, ama-antibiotic , imishanguzo ye-multiple sclerosis nomdlavuza, nezinye izimo zempilo, ungathola ukuhlehliswa okuvela ebhange legazi kusuka esontweni kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Izimo ezithile zempilo : Iziguli njengamanje ezelashwa umdlavuza, noma ezazine-hepatitis / jaundice ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala eyi-11, umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ezinsukwini ezimbili ezedlule, noma ukumpontshelwa igazi onyakeni owedlule azifanele ukunikela ngegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo namaphaphu, izifo zemithambo yegazi, i-Hepatitis B no-C, ukutheleleka nge-HIV (i-AIDS), noma ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi nazo vimbela umuntu ekunikeleni ngegazi .

Futhi, uma ukunikela ngegazi kuyisenzo sakho esihle osithandayo, qaphela isikhathi sokulinda. Kufanele ulinde amasonto ayisishiyagalombili phakathi kweminikelo yegazi.