Ingabe imithi ejwayelekile ifana nemithi enegama lomkhiqizo?

Imininingwane Yezidakamizwa Kunokwehluka okuyinhloko oku-3: Intengo, izithako ezingasebenzi, nokubukeka

Igama lomkhiqizo kuqhathaniswa nemithi ejwayelekile | I-Biosimilar vs. izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile | Ungayikhetha nini i-generic | Ungawukhetha nini umkhiqizo

Unekhanda elibuhlungu ngakho uya esitolo sezidakamizwa ufuna usizo. Ukukhetha kukhulu kakhulu. Uma kufanele ukhethe i-counter-the-counter generic ibuprofen , noma uhambe nohlobo lwegama lomkhiqizo oludumile njenge-Advil noma iMotrin? Uma kufanele ucele umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi anikeze uLipitor, nomai-atorvastatin nje kahle?Amagama omkhiqizo asekelwa ngabenzi bezidakamizwa abakhulu, abaphumelelayo nososayensi abakhokhelwa kahle. Imikhiqizo yabo yezidakamizwa kumele iphakame kunemikhiqizo ejwayelekile yezitolo zemithi, akunjalo? Kepha inani likunika ikhefu. Amanye amagama omkhiqizo abiza cishe imali ephindwe kabili kunaleyo ejwayelekile. Yikuphi okufanele ukhethe?

Ngokusho kwe- Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa zase-U.S (FDA), imishanguzo ejwayelekile idalelwa ukufana nesidakamizwa esivele simakethwa ngegama lomkhiqizo ngesilinganiso somthamo, ukuphepha, amandla, umzila wokuphatha, ikhwalithi, izici zokusebenza, nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Imithi ejwayelekile inezithako ezisebenzayo ezifanayo nezinegama lomkhiqizo, ngakho-ke iba nezinzuzo ezifanayo, izingozi, nemiphumela engemihle. Ngo-2016, ucwaningo luthi mayelana 90% yemithi enqunyiwe kuleli kwakungeyemithi ejwayelekile.

Ingabe imithi ejwayelekile ifana nemithi enegama lomkhiqizo?

Yebo, kusho ochwepheshe. Eqinisweni, eyodwa funda ukubheka ngaphezulu kwabantu abangama-3,500 bathole ukuthi labo abathathe izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zemithi kadokotela yezimo ezingalapheki ezifana isifo sikashukela , umfutho wegazi ophakeme , futhi ukudana ibe nemiphumela yomtholampilo engaqhathaniswa neyalabo abathathe imikhiqizo yamagama.

Ukushibha akusho ikhwalithi ephansi, kusho uJawad N. Saleh, Pharm.D., Umphathi wezokwelapha wezinsizakalo zekhemisi e Isibhedlela Sokuhlinzwa Okukhethekile eNew York City. Imithi ejwayelekile ibanjwa ngezinga elifanayo lekhwalithi ephezulu njengemithi enegama lomkhiqizo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi zilethe umuthi ojwayelekile emakethe, i-FDA idinga ukuthi abenzi bezidakamizwa bahambise lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi isicelo esisha esifushanisiwe (ANDA). Lapho umuthi omusha wegama lomkhiqizo wenziwa, umqambi wawo kufanele akhombise i-FDA ukuthi iphephile futhi iyasebenza, kuchaza UBrittany Riley, Pharm.D. , uprofesa osebenzisana nomtholampilo eMarshall University School of Pharmacy eHuntington, eWest Virginia. Leyo nqubo yokugunyazwa isifushanisiwe yezidakamizwa ezijwayelekile, ngoba inkampani ejwayelekile yezidakamizwa kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi umuthi unesithako esifanayo esisebenzayo, amandla, ifomu lokulinganisa, kanye nomzila wokuphatha. Ngamanye amagama, kufanele ikhombise ukuthi ilingana ngokulingana nomuthi wegama lomkhiqizo. Izitshalo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile kufanele zidlulise izindinganiso zekhwalithi ezifanayo nezimboni ezikhiqiza igama.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwegama lomkhiqizo nemithi ejwayelekile?

Ngokuyisisekelo, kunezintathu: intengo, izithako ezingasebenzi, nokubukeka.

Intengo

Ngokuya nge-FDA, imishanguzo ejwayelekile ingabiza kuze kufike ku-85% ngaphansi kunezilinganiso zamagama ayo. Inani lentengo ephansi kungenxa yokuthi abakhiqizi abajwayelekile abadingi ukwenza zonke izivivinyo zokwelashwa ezibiza kakhulu ezibonisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle abakhiqizi begama lomkhiqizo abadinga ukukunikeza ngaphambi kokuba bathole ukuvunyelwa kwe-FDA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abenzi bemithi ejwayelekile ngokuvamile abakhokhi imali enkulu yokwenza uphawu nokukhangisa komkhiqizo.

Izidakamizwa ezibizwa ngegama lomkhiqizo zingaphansi kwelungelo lobunikazi cishe iminyaka engama-20. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, abakhiqizi balahlekelwa wukukhetha kwabo kuso. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinkampani eziningi zingaletha umuthi ojwayelekile emakethe, ngaleyo ndlela wakhe ukuncintisana kwamanani amaningi.

Eminye imishanguzo ejwayelekile ejwayelekile kanye negama layo lomkhiqizo yilezi:

Qhathanisa amanani entengo yegama elidumile lomkhiqizo uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi ejwayelekile
I gama le-brand	Igama elijwayelekile	Intengo
Ambien	zolpidem	Qhathanisa amanani
I-Ativan	mzwandile	Qhathanisa amanani
UFlonase	phindokuhle	Qhathanisa amanani
I-Glucophage	metformin	Qhathanisa amanani
Prilosec	omeprazole	Qhathanisa amanani
I-Proventil	albuterol	Qhathanisa amanani
I-Wellbutrin	bupropion	Qhathanisa amanani
Xanax	alprazolamu	Qhathanisa amanani

Izithako ezingasebenzi

Izithako ezingasebenzi ngudayi, izivimbelakuvunda, nabakhiqizi bokugcwalisa abazisebenzisayo emithini yabo. Abanalo inani lokwelapha. Okusho ukuthi, ayithinti ukuthi umuthi usiphatha kahle kanjani isimo sezempilo osithathayo. Futhi, zingahluka phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezijwayelekile nezomkhiqizo.

Ukubukeka

Ngenxa yemithetho yophawu lokuhweba nokukhathazeka kophawu, ama-generic kufanele abukeke ahlukile kunabalingani begama lomkhiqizo. Zingaba umbala ohlukile noma zibe nokunambitheka okwehlukile. Kepha lokhu kwehluka ngeke kuthinte ukusebenza okuphelele komuthi.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezidakamizwa ze-biosimilar kanye ne-generic?

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi uyini umuthi we-biosimilar, kufanele uqale uqonde ukuthi uyini umuthi we-biologic. I-Biologics yizidakamizwa ezikhiqizwa noma eziqukethe izinto eziphilayo (cabanga ngamaprotheni, amaseli, i-DNA, noma izingxenye zegazi). Imithi yokugoma kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kwamahomoni kuyizibonelo zemithi ye-biologic.

Ngokungafani nemithi ejwayelekile, okumele ibe nezithako ezisebenzayo ezifanayo nezinegama lomkhiqizo, izidakamizwa ze-biosimilar yilokho i-FDA ekubiza ngokufana kakhulu nomuthi osuvele wamukelwe we-FDA we-biologic (obizwa ngomkhiqizo oyisethenjwa). Kepha kungenzeka babe nokungezwani okuncane. Ngamanye amagama, ngokungafani nemithi ejwayelekile, akufani nomuthi abawulingisa ngemuva. Isibonelo, iCyltezo (adalimumab-adbm) yamukelwa yi-FDA njenge-biosimilar yeHumira (adalimumab) yokwelapha isifo samathambo.

I-biosimilar kufanele iziphathe ngendlela engahlukile ngokwenele kumuthi wegama lomkhiqizo, kuchaza uDkt. Riley. Kodwa ngenxa yendlela imishanguzo ekhiqizwa ngayo [kusuka ezintweni eziphilayo], kungaba nzima ukudala imithi yokwenziwa eyiqiniso [efana namakhemikhali] kubo. Ngakho-ke, i-FDA idale indlela ye-biosimilar, esiza ukunciphisa izindleko ezihambisana nama-biologic agents, okuyimithi ejwayelekile ebiza kakhulu. Ziyafana neze-generic, ngoba ngokuvamile zibiza kancane kunezakwabo be-biologic.

Kungani kufanele ukhethe imithi ejwayelekile?

Ukuthi ukhetha umuthi ojwayelekile noma wegama lomkhiqizo cishe kuzokwehla ngentengo, ukumbozwa komshuwalense wezempilo, kanye nokuthandwa nguwe noma okufunwa ngummeli.

Intengo

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, imishanguzo ejwayelekile ingabiza ngokweqile kunezilinganiso zamagama azo. Isibonelo, igama lomkhiqizo i-Ambien lingabiza ngaphezulu kwama- $ 600 ngokuhlinzekwa nyangazonke, kuyilapho i-generic zolpidem ingabiza imali efinyelela ku- $ 60 yenani elifanayo. Nge-SingleCare, ungathola izindleko eziphansi kakhulu cishe ngama- $ 30!

Ukutholakala komshuwalense

Ngenxa yokuthi imishanguzo ejwayelekile ishibhile, izinhlelo zomshuwalense zikulungele kakhulu ukuzihlanganisa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-copay yakho izobiza kakhulu uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekubeka umuthi ojwayelekile esikhundleni segama lomkhiqizo. Kokunye ukuhlola kwamuva, abacwaningi baqhathanisa ukumbozwa kweMedicare Part D kwezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kuka-1,300 ezijwayelekile kanye nemikhiqizo yomkhiqizo bakuthola lokho Amaphesenti angama-84% ahlanganiswe kuphela yimithi ejwayelekile ngenkathi u-0.9% embozwe kuphela amagama anegama (i-15% imbozwe womabili). Uma izindleko kuyinkinga, unganqikazi ukubuza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma ngabe kukhona okunye okungajwayelekile.

Okuthandwa nguwe / okhethiwe

Imithetho yombuso ingahluka, kepha uma ukhetha ukonga imali, cela lowo obhalele wena ukuthi akhombise ukufaka esikhundleni esivumelekile kudokotela noma ubhale incwadi kadokotela enegama elejwayelekile. Uma kukhona i-generic etholakalayo, usokhemisi uzogcwalisa incwadi kadokotela wakho ojwayelekile. Ungahlala ubuza usokhemisi ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho agcwaliswe, uma unemibuzo ngamanani entengo nokutholakala kwezinye izindlela ezejwayelekile.

Lapho i-generic ingahle kungabi umqondo omuhle

Isikhathi esiningi, izidakamizwa ezinamagama kanye nezinye izindlela ezijwayelekile ziyaguquguquka. Kunamacala ambalwa angawodwa lapho ukwenza inkinobho kungathinta impilo yakho. Isibonelo esisodwa, kusho uDkt Saleh, umuthi wokuquleka. Ukushintsha kusuka kumuthi wegama lomkhiqizo we-antiseizure uye kwelomuthi ojwayelekile kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokulawulwa kokubanjwa. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile ze izimo zamehlo ezithile kungenzeka ingakhiqizi umphumela ofanayo ezigulini.

Kepha, ngokujwayelekile, ukushintshela ku-generic kunengqondo lapho kukhona okutholakalayo futhi ukhululekile ukwenza ukushintshaniswa. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyikhethe. Uma kungukukhetha phakathi kokungawuthathi umuthi ngenxa yezindleko, nomuthi ojwayelekile, i-generic ukukhetha okuhle okusobala.

Njengoba imithi ejwayelekile ilingana nemithi yamagama, ukushintshela kumuthi ojwayelekile noma nini lapho kutholakala kungaba iqhinga elihle lokwehlisa izindleko esigulini, ekhemisi, noma esikhungweni, kusho uDkt Saleh.

Ukuze uthole ukonga okukhulu kakhulu, sesha singlecare.com ukubona ukuthi ungonga kangakanani kunguqulo ejwayelekile yemithi yakho.