Okufanele ukwazi ngokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-IUD

Imininingwane Yezidakamizwa

Unezinketho eziningi uma kuziwa ukukhetha indlela yokulawula ukuzalwa . Elinye eliphakeme phakathi kwabasebenzisi yi-IUD noma i-intrauterine device. IUD iyithuluzi elincane elenziwe ngo-T udokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo akufaka esibelethweni sakho ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Idivayisi ye-intrauterine iza ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ama-IUDs ama-hormonal nama-IUD angawona ama-hormonal. Zombili zisebenza ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa kodwa ngezindlela ezingafani.

Uma ufuna i- ukuvimbela inzalo esebenza isikhathi eside (LARC) nayo ebhekwa njengeyimpumelelo futhi ephephile kwabesifazane abaningi, cabanga ukuzama i-IUD.

Kuyini ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-IUD?

IUD iyithuluzi elincane lokuvimbela inzalo elisebenza ngudokotela noma umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo alifaka ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sakho ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-IUD atholakala e-United States. Enye yi-IUD yamahomoni ekhipha i-hormone i-progestin, kanti enye i-IUD engeyona eyehomoni noma eboshwe ngethusi. Zombili zivunyelwe yi-FDA.

Ama-IUDs amahomoni atholakala e-United States afaka phakathi UMirena , I-Liletta , USkyla , futhi UKyleena .

Uma ukhetha indlela engeyona eye-hormonal, okuwukuphela kwenketho evunyelwe yi-FDA e-United States IParaGard .

Isebenza kanjani i-IUD?

Kokubili i-IUD yamahomoni ne-IUD yethusi ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngokuvimbela isidoda ukuthi singafiki eqandeni. Ukwenza kwabo lokhu yikho okubahlukanisayo.

i-hormonal IUD

Ama-IUDs amaHormonal ayisiqeshana sepulasitiki esimise okwe-T esingena ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sakho. Basebenza ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngokukhipha inani elincane le-hormone progestin emzimbeni wakho. Lapho i-hormonal IUD ikhipha i-progestin, i-mucus yakho yomlomo wesibeletho iyaqina. Lo mfinyila wesibeletho ojiyile unciphisa ukunyakaza kwesidoda ukukuvimbela ekuhlanganeni neqanda ukulivundisa. AmaHormonal IUD nawo agcina ulwelwesi lwesibeletho luncane kakhulu, okuzovimbela iqanda elikhulelisiwe ukuba lingafakwa esibelethweni.

Amanye ama-IUD asuselwa ku-progestin nawo angavikela ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ekwenzekeni kokumisa amaqanda ekushiyeleni amaqanda akho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isidoda asinalo iqanda lokuhlangana naso futhi nokukhulelwa kungavinjelwa.

Ngokungeziwe ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okujwayelekile njengendlela yokulawula ukubeletha ephumelelayo, ama-IUD ama-hormonal nawo anganciphisa izimpawu zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini njengokugcotshwa futhi zenze ukuphuma kwegazi kube lula. Abanye besifazane bangayeka ukuya esikhathini ngokuphelele, kanti abanye bangathola ukopha okungavamile noma babone phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala.

I-non-hormonal IUD

I-non-hormonal IUD isebenzisa ithusi ukuvikela ukukhulelwa, okungathandwa amaseli wesidoda. Ithusi lenza ukuthi isidoda siguqule indlela ezihamba ngayo, zivimbele ukuthi zingabhukudi ziye eqandeni bese zisifaka umquba. Uma iqanda lingavundiswanga, alikwazi ukufakwa odongeni lwesibeletho, okusho ukuthi ukukhulelwa akunakwenzeka.

Ngokungafani ne-IUD hormonal, i-IUD yethusi itholakala kuphela kuhlobo olulodwa, olubizwa ngokuthi iParagard IUD noma ithusi T IUD. Noma kunjalo, le IUD engenawo ama-hormone isebenza isikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Ngaphandle kokuthi uhlangabezana nezinkinga ngeParagard, ungayishiya kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10.

Amathuba okukhulelwa

Amathuba okukhulelwa ngazo zombili izinhlobo zama-IUD aphansi. Ngokusho kwe-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), i-IUD, ethathwa njengenqubo yokuvimbela inzalo esebenza isikhathi eside, ingenye yezindlela zokulawula inzalo eziphumelela kakhulu. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokusetshenziswa, i-ACOG ithi bangaphansi kwesisodwa kwabesifazane abayi-100 abane-IUD abazokhulelwa.

I-Paragard, i-IUD yethusi, ingavimbela ukukhulelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uMirena, uKyleena, uLiletta, noSkyla — ama-IUDs amahomoni — kuvimbela kuphela ukukhulelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakwa uma udokotela wakho ekubeke ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa zokuqala zomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, baqala ukusebenza izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokufakwa, ngokusho kwe- Umzali Ohleliwe .

Alukho uhlobo lwe-IUD oluzokuvikela ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi, noma kuma-STI. Ukuze uvikeleke ngokwengeziwe, cela umlingani wakho ukuthi afake ikhondomu.

Ama-IUD njengokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo

Uma ifakwe zingakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu zocansi olungavikelekile, iParagard (ithusi) IUD ithathwa njengefomu le- izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo . Kodwa-ke, ama-IUD we-hormonal awakwazi ukusetshenziswa njengenzalo yokuvikela inzalo ephuthumayo.

Ukufakwa nokususwa kwe-IUD

Udokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukufakwa nokususwa kwe-IUD ehhovisi labo. Zombili izinqubo ziyashesha futhi zibangela ukungakhululeki okuncane.

Ukufakwa kwe-IUD

Ngaphambi kokubeka i-IUD, udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha bese enza ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic. Ungafaka i-IUD nganoma yisiphi isikhathi phakathi nomjikelezo wakho wenyanga. Ukufaka i-IUD, udokotela wakho uzoqala afake i-speculum esithweni sakho sangasese. Bazosebenzisa ithuluzi lokuqondisa ifoni ngokusebenzisa isitho sakho sangasese kanye nomlomo wesibeletho kanye nesibeletho.

Kulula ukufaka ama-IUD ezigulini eziningi, kusho G. Thomas Ruiz , MD, OB-GYN Uhola e-MemorialCare Orange Coast Medical Center.

IUD inezintambo zokusiza ngenqubo yokususa. Lezi zintambo zepulasitiki ezondile akufanele zikukhathaze. Umlingani wakho angazizwa lezi zintambo ngesikhathi socansi ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, kepha akunakwenzeka neze. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukunciphisa izintambo.

Kufanele uhlole ngezikhathi nobude bezintambo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikashintshi. Izintambo ezimfushane ngokuzumayo noma ezingekho zingakhombisa ukuthi i-IUD isukile esimeni. Kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka.

Imvamisa, okuwukuphela kokungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-IUD ukucindezela okulingene. Ungaphuza imishanguzo yokusiza ngaphambi nangemva kokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Uma unokubekezelela ubuhlungu obuphansi, uDkt Ruiz uthi udokotela wakho angasebenzisa isibulali sendawo sokubulala izinzwa ukuze unciphise ukuminyana kwesibeletho. Kuyizikhathi ezingavamile lapho umuntu eshiya khona inqubo ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu, kusho uDkt Ruiz.

Ngemuva kwenqubo, ungazizwa ubuhlungu nokucinana, ngakho-ke thatha kalula izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukudambisa izinhlungu zasesitolo kuze kudambe izinhlungu.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-IUD ingawa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

mirena

Uma usukulungele ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-IUD, udokotela wakho angayisusa noma kunini phakathi nomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini.

Ukususa i-IUD kuyashesha futhi kulula. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ithuluzi ukuqonda izintambo, ezibavumela ukuthi badonse i-IUD emlomo wesibeletho sakho. Imvamisa kuthatha imizuzu embalwa, futhi ungahle uhlangabezane nokucinana nokuvuza okuncane. Uma lokhu kungapheli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, shayela udokotela wakho.

Uma ushintsha i-IUD, udokotela wakho angafaka i-IUD entsha ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhipha endala. Bangakwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okufanayo kwehhovisi, inqobo nje uma kungekho zinkinga. Akufanele udonse izintambo noma uzame ukususa i-IUD ngokwakho.

Ngemuva kokususwa, ungalindela ukuthi isikhathi sakho sibuyele ngendlela esasiyiyo ngaphambi kwe-IUD. Kepha lokhu kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ungaphinda ukhulelwe ngemuva kokususwa. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukusebenzisa enye indlela yokulawula ukubeletha uma ungafuni ukukhulelwa.

Imiphumela emibi ye-IUD

Zonke izinketho zokulawulwa kokuzalwa ziza nemiphumela emibi. Ngenhlanhla, imiphumela eminingi emibi evela ku-IUD imnene futhi iyahamba noma ingabonakali kangako ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Nayi eminye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongayithola ngokusetshenziswa kwe-IUD.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Copper IUD ifaka:

• Izinkathi ezisindayo nezinde isikhathi eside
• Ukuqunjelwa kokuya esikhathini okunzima kakhulu
• Izikhathi ezingajwayelekile
• Ukuqaphela phakathi kwezikhathi
• Ubuhlungu nokucinana ngokufakwa kwe-IUD

Imiphumela emibi ye-Hormonal IUD ifaka:

• Ukuqhakaza
• Ukubona njalo noma izinsuku eziningi zokopha ngenyanga yokuqala.
• Ukuqaphela phakathi kwezikhathi.
• Izikhathi ezingajwayelekile
• Ukopha kokuya esikhathini kungayeka ngokuphelele
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Isicanucanu
• Ubumnene besifuba
• Ukushintsha kwemizwelo
• Ubuhlungu nokucinana ngokufakwa kwe-IUD

Abanye abasebenzisi bakhathazekile ngokuzuza kwesisindo nge-IUD. Izindaba ezimnandi? IUD yethusi ayibangeli ukuzuza kwesisindo. Kodwa-ke, amaphesenti amancane abantu abika okuncane ukuzuza kwesisindo nge-IUD yehomoni, efana neMirena, ngenxa yokukhishwa kwe-progestin. Kepha akucaci ukuthi ngabe lokhu kungenxa ye-progestin noma ezinye izinto zokuphila. Uma unenkinga mayelana nokuzuza kwesisindo, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Yiziphi izingqinamba ze-IUD?

I-IUD iyindlela edumile yokulawulwa kokuzalwa, kepha lokho akusho ukuthi ilungele wonke umuntu. Ngokuvumelana ne UKecia Gaither , MD, i-OB-GYN eqinisekiswe yibhodi kanye nochwepheshe bemithi yokubeletha yomama ezibhedlela ze-NYC Health + / Lincoln, abesifazane abanezimo ezilandelayo akufanele basebenzise i-IUD:

• Ungasebenzisi i-IUD yethusi (engeyona eye-hormonal) uma une-allergy yethusi noma isifo sikaWilson, okuyisifo esingajwayelekile esenza ukuthi ithusi liqoqane ezithweni ezibalulekile njengobuchopho nesibindi.
• Ungasebenzisi i-hormonal-IUD uma unomlando womdlavuza webele.
• Ungasebenzisi i-hormonal IUD noma i-non-hormonal IUD uma unomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho noma wesibeletho, i-AIDS, ukuphuma kwegazi okuphakathi, noma isifo sesibindi.
• Abesifazane abanesifo sokuvuvukala okhalo olusebenzayo noma olunamandla akufanele babe ne-IUD ebekwe kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka sekuxazululekile. Udokotela angakuhlolela ukutheleleka ngaphambi kokufaka i-IUD.

Kukhona nezimo lapho i-IUD kungeyona inketho enhle, kepha isengasebenza.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma uphuma kakhulu esikhathini. Bangakweluleka ngokusebenzisa i-IUD yethusi ngoba ingadala izikhathi ezinzima nokuxinana.

Kwabanye abantu, ukuphuma kakhulu kwegazi nokucinana kuba ngcono emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kepha kwabanye, kuyaqhubeka kuze kususwe i-IUD. Uma ungakulinda isikhathi sokuqala sezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, ungathola ukuthi izimpawu zehla ngokwanele ukuze zikubekezelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uDkt Ruiz uchaza ukuthi ama-IUD aphikisiwe kwabesifazane abane-anatomy engavamile yesibeletho noma umgodi wesibeletho ongajwayelekile. Ama-IUD nawo awanconywa kumuntu ophuma ngokweqile esibelethweni ngaphandle uma ehlolwe i-endometrium yi-hysteroscopy noma i-endometrial biopsy, kusho uDkt Ruiz. Lokho kuhlola kungafaka i-ultrasound ye-pelvic ..

Futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, kukhona ifayela le- ingozi encane yokwanda kwesifo sokuvuvukala okhalweni lapho usebenzisa i-IUD. Ngokusho kwe- ACOG , leyo ngozi ingaphansi kwe-1% noma abesifazane kungakhathalekile ukuthi bangakanani ubudala noma uhlobo lwe-IUD. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo sokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic ivame kakhulu emasontweni amathathu okuqala ngemuva kokuthi udokotela wakho ebeka i-IUD esibelethweni sakho.

Ngokuya nge-ACOG, ama-IUDs we-hormonal non-hormonal awukuvikeli ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi. Ukuya ocansini olungavikelekile kukubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthola izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi njenge-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia, i-herpes yesitho sangasese, i-HPV ne-HIV.

Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Bangakusiza unqume ukuthi ngabe i-IUD iyindlela efanele yokulawula ukuzalwa kwakho.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-IUD?

Kunezinzuzo eziningana kukho kokubili i-hormonal IUD ne-non-hormonal IUD. Eyokuqala, kusho uDkt Ruiz, ubude besikhathi abasebenza ngaso.

Ngokuya ngohlelo noma uhlobo lwe-IUD olukhethayo, uDkt Ruiz uthi i-IUD ingahlala endaweni iqhubeke nokusebenza noma kuphi kusukela eminyakeni emithathu kuya kweyishumi. Ngokuqondile, ama-IUD we-hormonal ngokuvamile asebenza iminyaka emithathu kuya kweyisithupha. Futhi i-IUD yethusi ivimbela ukukhulelwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10.

Okunye okuhle yizinga eliphezulu lokusebenza ngempumelelo. I-IUD inenani elingaphansi kwe-1% lokwehluleka, kusho uDkt Ruiz. Futhi, njengoba i-IUD ihlale ikhona, akukho ukukhohlwa ukuthatha amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, ukufaka isichibi, noma ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akudubule.

Ama-progestin IUDs anenzuzo eyengeziwe yokugeleza kwegazi okuncane kokuya esikhathini noma ukungabikho kwalo isikhathi lapho idivayisi isendaweni. Futhi ama-IUD wethusi anikela ngendlela engeyona eye-hormonal kulabo abangafuni indlela yokuvimbela inzalo yamahomoni.

UDkt Ruiz ubuye abalule ukuthi usizo lwama-progestin IUDs kwabesifazane abanama-mens abuhlungu kakhulu. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha zokufakwa kuze kufike ku-50% ngeke kuphume ukopha esikhathini, kanti omunye u-50% uzoba nokopha okulula, okungabi buhlungu kangako nokwejwayelekile kwesibeletho. Uma uthola ukuphuma esikhathini, kusaphephile ukusebenzisa i-tampon .

Uma ufuna ukukhulelwa, i-IUD iyindlela esebenzayo yokulawula ukuzalwa ongayisebenzisa ekuhleleni umndeni. I-IUD iyindlela eguqukayo yokulawulwa kokuzalwa, okusho ukuthi inenzuzo yokubuyisa inzalo ngokushesha lapho isusiwe. Inzalo izobuya ngokujwayelekile kokujwayelekile kuwe.

Ungayithola kanjani i-IUD

Udokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ngabe i-IUD ikulungele yini. Ezinye izinhlelo zomshuwalense zimboza ukulawulwa kokuzalwa, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukubiza ngaphambi kwenqubo yokunquma ukufaneleka Uma uhlala eduze nomtholampilo womphakathi ogxile kwezempilo yabesifazane, bangahlinzeka ngokufakwa kwe-IUD mahhala noma ngesaphulelo.

I- Umthetho Wokunakekelwa Ongabizi iyalela ukuthi izinhlelo zomshuwalense zihlanganise izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo. Kepha ushintsho kusenzo lungathinta ukufaneleka kwakho kokufakwa mahhala noma okuncishisiwe. Hlola njalo nomshuwalense wakho ukuthola izindleko zakho ze-IUDs. Uma udinga usizo lokukhokhela i-IUD noma ezinye izinketho zokulawulwa kokuzalwa njengei Ukudutshulwa kweDepot-Provera , iphilisi lokulawula ukubeletha , kanye isichibi sokulawula inzalo , qiniseka ukuthi qhathanisa amanani ku-Singlecare .