Izimpawu zokuqala eziyi-10 zesifo sikashukela nokuthi uzobona nini umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo

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Ingabe uqaphele ukuthi kamuva nje womile ngokweqile — futhi uya endlini yangasese ungami? Kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke kuwe ngesikhathi esithile ngesizathu esithile noma esinye. Kodwa ongase ungakuqapheli ukuthi uma lezi zimpawu ezimbili zingamahlalakhona, kungaba yizimpawu zesifo sikashukela, isimo lapho ushukela wegazi lakho ungalawuleki.

Abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 baphila nesifo sikashukela noma ama-prediabetes, ngokusho kwe Izikhungo Zase-U.S. Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo (CDC) -futhi iningi labo alazi ukuthi banalo. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi abaningi baphuthelwa yizimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zokuqala zikashukela zingaba mnene zingabonakali noma zingazi ukuthi zifunani.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela?

Imvamisa, umzimba usebenzisa i-insulin ukusiza amangqamuzana emisipha namafutha ukuthi athathe i-glucose (uhlobo lukashukela) ukuze ayisebenzise njengamandla, kusho U-Erica Weitzner , MD, isazi se-endocrinologist eSummit Medical Group eNew Jersey. Lapho uba nesifo sikashukela, umzimba wakho uyeka ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngempumelelo, okuvumela ushukela ukuba wakhe egazini lakho.

• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala kwenzeka lapho amanyikwe akho ehluleka ukukhiqiza i-insulin — amasosha omzimba abulala amaseli awukhiqizayo. Phambilini yaziwa njengesifo sikashukela sentsha, kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
• Thayipha 2 sikashukela kwenzeka lapho amaseli akho engaphenduli kahle kwi-insulin njengoba kufanele, futhi kudingeka ne-insulin eyengeziwe ukufeza umphumela ofanayo njengakuqala, kuchaza uDkt Weitzner. Ikakhulukazi kuthinta abantu abadala.
• Isifo sikashukela kwenzeka lapho amazinga kashukela egazini akho ephakeme kunokujwayelekile, kodwa hhayi aphezulu ngokwanele ukuthi angatholakala nesifo sikashukela soHlobo 2.
• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwenzeka lapho ama-hormone okhulelwe ethinta amandla akhe okukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele emzimbeni wakhe. Cishe 7% kwabesifazane baba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

OKUSHIWO: Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela nemithi

Izimpawu eziyi-10 unesifo sikashukela

Kunezimpawu eziyishumi zokuqala zesifo sikashukela ngokusho kwe- Ucwaningo Lwentsha Yesifo Sikashukela isisekelo:

1. Ukuchama njalo: Uma uvakashela indlu yangasese kaningi kunokujwayelekile, kungasho ukuthi izinso zakho zizama ukuqeda ushukela oweqile egazini lakho.
2. Ukoma okukhulu: Ulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaningi uma usebenzisa indlu yangasese ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokho kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni futhi kubangele imizwa yokoma ngokweqile, okungaholela ekuphuzeni uketshezi oluningi (nokuya endlini yangasese ngaphezulu).
3. Umlomo owomile noma isikhumba esomile: Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kungenza umlomo wakho uzwakale njengogwadule futhi kwenze isikhumba sakho sizizwe siqinile noma siluma.
4. Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka: Ubuthakathaka obedlulele, ukuvilapha, noma ukulala kungaba yizimpawu zokuthi ushukela wegazi lakho uphelile. Lokhu kungadala isiyezi — noma ukuquleka — uma ushukela egazini lakho uphakama noma ube phansi ngokuyingozi. Abanye abantu baba buthakathaka baze balahlekelwe ukwazi bese bengakwazi ukubuyela emqondweni futhi. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi yi ikhoma yesifo sikashukela , futhi kungaba inkinga esongela impilo.
5. Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla noma ukulahleka kwesisindo okungaqondakali: Uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukuthola amandla anele ekucubunguleni ushukela ekudleni okudlayo ungahle ubone ukwanda okungavamile kwesifiso sakho sokudla noma ngisho nokwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe nokungaqondakali.
6. Ukusikeka okungasheshi: Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazi angaqinisa imithambo yakho yegazi, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi igazi lijikeleze umzimba wakho. Ukusakazwa okungalungile kusho ukuthi imihuzuko noma izilonda ezincane ziphola kancane.
7. Ukutheleleka ngemvubelo: Imvubelo idla ushukela. Uma kune-glucose eningi kakhulu ejikeleza emzimbeni wakho, ingadala ukugcwala kwemvubelo-kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
8. Ubuhlungu noma ukuphazamiseka emaphethelweni: Ukulimala kwemithambo kwenzeka ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, ngenxa kashukela ophakeme wegazi kanye namazinga aphezulu amafutha. Lokho kungadala ukulimala kwezinzwa, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela . Ungahle ubone ukutetema ezandleni nasezinyaweni zakho. Ukulimala kwemithambo kungathinta nezitho zangaphakathi, njengesinye sakho.
9. Izinguquko zombono: Izinguquko kwamehlo zingaba isandulela se isifo samehlo sikashukela . Isifo sikashukela esingalashwa, noma isifo sikashukela esingaphethwe kahle, singaholela ezinkingeni zombono, ngisho nokungaboni.
10. Izithelo, noma umoya onuka kamnandi: Lapho umzimba wakho uzama ukuqeda ushukela okweqile, ungenza umoya wakho unuke kamnandi ngenxa yamaketoni aphezulu.

OKUSHIWO: Ayini amazinga ejwayelekile kashukela egazini?

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 lungavela ngokuzumayo ngezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto nje okuba nezimpawu noma uzizwe ugula, kusho uDkt Weitzner. Kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ziqala kungazelelwe kuhlobo 2 lukashukela; kepha kuvame ukuqhubeka kancane kancane nabantu abathile banezimpawu izinyanga ngaphambi kokuba batholwe. Kukhona nokuqubuka kwesifo sikashukela i-pancreatic, okuyi kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka ngemuva kokususwa kwamanyikwe.

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngesifo sikashukela zingancika kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela osithuthukisayo. I- I-American Diabetes Association futhi Inhlangano yaseMelika Yokukhulelwa nikeza incazelo ephelele neningiliziwe yezimpawu zezinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo sikashukela, ngezansi isifinyezo esifingqiwe.

Uphawu	Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala	Thayipha 2 sikashukela	Isifo sikashukela	Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
Ukuchama Njalo	+	+	+	+
Ukoma ngokweqile	+	+	+	+
Umlomo owomile noma isikhumba esomile	+	+	+	+
Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka	+	+	+	+
Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla noma ukulahleka kwesisindo okungaqondakali *	+	+	+	+
Ukusikeka okungasheshi	+	+	+	+
Ukutheleleka ngemvubelo	+	+
Ubuhlungu noma ukuphazamiseka emaphethelweni		+	+
Umbono uyashintsha	+	+	+	+
Izithelo, noma umoya onuka kamnandi	+	+	+	+

* Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki kuvamise ukuba uphawu lwe-Type 1 diabetes.

Isifo sikashukela esingatholakali sizizwa kanjani?

Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezingenhla, ungazizwa unenkungu noma uvaliwe-kilter uma uthuthukisa isifo sikashukela. Izikhathi eziningi ngithola izikhalazo zokuthi iziguli zami zizizwa nje zingasebenzi, kuchaza UPatrick McEneaney , I-DPM, udokotela wezinyawo onakekela ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo zesifo sikashukela eChicago kanye ne-CEO yeNorthern Illinois Foot kanye ne-Ankle Specialists. Ukuzizwa uphethwe amakhanda, unesiyezi, ubuthakathaka, uyahlanya futhi womile kungakwenza uzizwe ungaphilile — futhi konke lokhu kuyizimpawu zesifo sikashukela.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zesifo sikashukela?

Uma usengozini enkulu yesifo sikashukela, kuzodingeka uqaphele kakhulu mayelana nezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.

Thayipha izici zesifo sikashukela sokuqala

Ngokusho kwe- i-CDC , Umlando womndeni nobuncane beminyaka kungakhuphula ubungozi besifo sikashukela soHlobo 1.

Umlando womndeni udlala indima enkulu; uma abazali bakho noma abanye abantu emndenini wakho benesifo sikashukela, usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela, kuchaza uDkt. Weitzner.

Thayipha izici zesifo sikashukela ezi-2

Ungaba sengozini enkulu yokukhula Thayipha 2 sikashukela uma u:

• Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile
• Uneminyaka engama-45 noma ngaphezulu
• Yiba nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi
• Yiba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma amazinga aphansi we-HDL, noma i-cholesterol enhle
• Phila impilo engasebenzi
• Kutholwe ngaphambili ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukudangala, noma i-polycystic ovary syndrome (POC)
• Ubelethe ingane enesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalolunye noma ngaphezulu.

Uma umnyama, uHispanic, uMdabu waseMelika, uLatino, noma u-Asia, usengozini enkulu yesifo sikashukela soHlobo 2 nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Izici ezinobungozi bama-prediabetes zifana nezici zobungozi besifo sikashukela soHlobo 2.

Izici zobungozi besifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

Ngokuvumelana ne Umtholampilo waseMayo , usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa uma:

• Badala kunama-25
• Yiba nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela soHlobo 2
• Yiba nomlando wakho nesifo sikashukela
• Babekhuluphele ngaphambi kokukhulelwa

Uzoyibona nini isazi sesifo sikashukela

Kungumqondo omuhle ukuya kumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo uma unezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.

Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, isinyathelo sokuqala kungaba ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, njengomsebenzi wakho womndeni, i-internist noma udokotela wezingane, uthi Soma Mandal , MD, weSummit Medical Group eBerkeley Heights, eNew Jersey. Babekhuluma nawe mayelana nokuthi unaziphi izimpawu, baxoxe ngomlando wakho wezempilo womndeni, nokuthi indlela yakho yokuphila injani.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela: Uma umuntu ebelokhu ekhuphuka ukoma nokuchama, bese eba nesicanucanu nokuhlanza, kungadingeka ukuthi aye esibhedlela ngoba ushukela ophakeme kakhulu ungaba yingozi, kusho uDkt Weitzner.

I-Prediabetes kanye nesigaba sokuqala sesifo sikashukela soHlobo 2 kuvame ukuphathwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, kusho uDkt. Weitzner, kepha kungenzeka bakuthumele ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela, okubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa kabili ukuqinisekisa imiphumela. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela kungabandakanya ukuphuza okuthile okumnandi kakhulu nokuhlolwa ushukela wegazi ngaphambi kokukuphuza kanye nezikhathi ezimbalwa ngemuva kokukuphuza, uyachaza.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, kunezazi ezimbalwa ezihlukile ongazibona, kufaka phakathi i-endocrinologist, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ogxile ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela.

Ungase futhi ubone udokotela wezinyawo, owaziwa nangokuthi udokotela onyawo, ngoba ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umuntu otholwe enesifo sikashukela. Ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo nokuhlolwa kungasiza ekuvikeleni nasekwelapheni izilonda (izilonda ezivulekile) ezinyaweni — esinye sezinkinga ezivame kakhulu zesifo sikashukela, kanye nezinkinga ezinzima njenge-neuropathy.

Noma, ungavakashela i-ophthalmologist, owaziwa nangokuthi udokotela wamehlo. I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela yisimo ezinye iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ezingase zibe naso, lapho kulimala khona imithambo yegazi emincane futhi ingaholela ekufiphaleni ekugcineni futhi ilahlekelwe umbono. Noma ngubani onesifo sikashukela kufanele abonane nodokotela wamehlo minyaka yonke.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, ungalindi ukuvakashelwa kwakho kwaminyaka yonke — shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.