Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza oku-3 abesifazane abakudingayo

Imfundo Yezempilo

Uma ucabanga ngokuhlolwa umdlavuza, ukungakhululeki mhlawumbe yigama lokuqala eliza engqondweni. Noma ngabe yi-Pap smear, mammogram, noma nje ukukhumula ukuze kuhlolwe isikhumba kudokotela wesikhumba-akukho okunye kokuhlolwa okuthokozisa kakhulu. Kepha bona kukhona kubalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yakho, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula.

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza kubalulekile ngoba bayakwazi ukuthola umdlavuza ngaphambi kokubona izimpawu, kusho URebecca Berens , MD, udokotela womndeni kanye nomnikazi weVida Family Medicine eHouston, eTexas. Umdlavuza wokuqala utholakele, mancane amathuba okuthi umdlavuza ukhule futhi usakazeke (metastasizing). Imidlavuza emikhulu nomdlavuza onesisindo kunzima ukwelapha nokufeza ikhambi, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi babe nezinkinga zesikhathi eside noma baholele ekufeni.

OKUSHIWO: Kungani ukuhlolwa kowesifazane omuhle kubaluleke kangaka

Ngubani odinga ukuhlolwa komdlavuza?

Bonke abesifazane kufanele bahlolwe umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza wesibeletho, nomdlavuza wamathumbu, kusho U-Anjali Malik, MD , i-radiologist eqinisekiswe yibhodi eWashington, D.C.Uma besengozini enkulu, ngokwesibonelo, ababhemayo noma abantu abanomlando womndeni, abesifazane kufanele futhi bahlolwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Futhi abesifazane abane-genetic syndrome, abathatha imishanguzo ethile, noma abanomlando womndeni, nabo kufanele bahlolwe umdlavuza wesibeletho nowe-pancreatic.

Kepha kuthiwani uma ngabe uphilile ngenye indlela futhi ungenazo izici zomdlavuza?

Ngisho nabantu abanempilo enhle ngokomzimba bangaba nomdlavuza ngenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene, kusho UJeff Fortner, Pharm.D. , uprofesa osebenza naye ePacific University School of Pharmacy eHillsboro, Oregon, nelungu le- IBhodi leSingleCare Medical Review . Ezinye zazo zingaphandle kokulawulwa kwazo, njengomlando womndeni, ukuvezwa komdlavuza odala izinto, nokuguga. Ngenkathi ezinye izinto zilawulwa njengokudla, utshwala, nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi.

Abesifazane kufanele bahlolelwe nini umdlavuza?

Uhlobo ngalunye lomdlavuza luza nezici zalo zobungozi ezihlobene nobudala. Sebenzisa lo mhlahlandlela wokuhlolwa umdlavuza kwabesifazane ngeminyaka nangohlobo lomdlavuza.

Umdlavuza wesibeletho

Iminyaka yokuhlolwa umdlavuza wesibeletho: Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kufanele kuqale eneminyaka engama-21 kungakhathalekile ukuthi uqale nini ukuya ocansini, kusho uDkt Berens. Ngokusho kwe- i-CDC , inqobo nje uma imiphumela ye-pap smear ijwayelekile, izikrini kufanele zenziwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-21 kuya kwengama-29. Kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-30 kuye kwengama-65, izikrini zingenziwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu uma imiphumela yakho iqhubeka nokujwayelekile.

Izici zobungozi: Cishe wonke umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ubangelwa yigciwane le-human papilloma virus (i-HPV), okuyisifo esaziwa kakhulu ngocansi. Ngokusho kwe- Izikhungo Zase-U.S. Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo (CDC), i-HPV ivame kakhulu kangangokuba cishe wonke umuntu uzoyithola ngesikhathi esithile ezimpilweni zakhe. Kepha akuzona zonke izingqinamba ezibangela umdlavuza wesibeletho. Ezinye zidala izinsumpa zangasese noma zesikhumba, kanti ezinye zingahle zingaholeli kunoma yiziphi izimpawu nhlobo.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho: Kukhona I umuthi wokugoma ophephile nosebenzayo otholakalayo we-HPV kubizwe IGardasil 9 . Kunconyelwa abafana namantombazane abaneminyaka eyi-11 noma eyi-12, kepha kunganikezwa abancane abaneminyaka engu-9 noma abaneminyaka yobudala engama-45. Izingane zidinga imithamo emibili ye-Gardasil, ehlukaniswe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Uma ingane yakho ithola umthamo wayo wokuqala weGardasil ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala eyi-15, kufanele ithole imithamo emithathu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola: I-OB-GYN yakho izokuhlolela amaseli omlomo wesibeletho angajwayelekile isebenzisa i-pap smear. Lokhu kwenziwa nge-swab kakotini efakwe esithweni sakho sangasese bese iswidiwa ngomlomo wesibeletho sakho.

OKUSHIWO: Kungani kufanele uthole umuthi wokugoma we-HPV — noma ngabe useminyakeni engama-30 noma engama-40

Umdlavuza webele

Iminyaka yokuhlola umdlavuza webele: Ngokusho kukaDkt Malik, Screening mammography yabesifazane abanobungozi obujwayelekile minyaka yonke iqala kuma-40, ngaphambi kwalokho uma kunengozi enkulu. Imihlahlandlela ye-CDC Ncoma ukuthi abesifazane abasesimweni sobungozi baba ne-mammogram kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-50 kuya kwengama-74, futhi kufanele uxoxe ngesheduli yakho yokuhlola nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kusukela eminyakeni engama-40.

Izici zobungozi: Ngokusho kwe- i-CDC , izinto eziningi ezandisa ingozi yowesifazane yokuba nomdlavuza webele zingaphezu kwamandla akhe. Izakhi zofuzo, ukukhula, ukuqala isikhathi sakho ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-12 noma ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-55, ukuba namabele aminyene, nomlando womndeni womdlavuza webele konke kungafaka engcupheni eyengeziwe.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho: Kunezici ezithile zobungozi ezilawulwayo, noma kunjalo. Abesifazane bangakwazi ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele ngokuhlala uvivinya umzimba, ugcine isisindo esinempilo, nokugwema ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwamahomoni, utshwala nogwayi. Ucwaningo lukhombisa nokuthi ukukhulelwa kokuqala ungakabi neminyaka engama-30 nokuncelisa kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola: Odokotela basebenzisa i-mammogram, efana ne-X-ray ngokucindezela kwesifuba, ukuhlola umdlavuza webele.

Umdlavuza we-Colon (noma i-colorectal)

Iminyaka yokuhlolwa umdlavuza wamakholoni: Ngomdlavuza wekoloni, abesifazane kufanele baqale ukuhlolwa ku-50, noma ngaphambi kwalokho uma besengozini enkulu ngenxa yezinkinga zamakholoni noma umlando womndeni, kusho uDkt Fortner. Iziguli kufanele zithole ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal minyaka yonke, kepha i-colonoscopy ejwayelekile idinga ukuphindwa kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-10, noma lapho ithola imiphumela engajwayelekile ekuhlolweni kwe-fecal. I- i-CDC incoma ukuhlolwa kusuka kuma-50, ngemvamisa kususelwa kuzincomo zabahlinzeki bezempilo.

Izici zobungozi: Ingozi yomdlavuza wamakholoni iyakhula ngokuya ngeminyaka, izakhi zofuzo, kanye nomlando womuntu siqu wezifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn nesifo sezilonda emathunjini, kusho uDkt. Berens. Uyaphawula ukuthi, njengakwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, ukungadli kahle nokuvivinya umzimba nakho kungafaka engcupheni yomdlavuza wekoloni. Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi nokuphuza utshwala nakho kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamathumbu.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho: Ukudla okune-fiber okuqukethe izithelo nemifino eningi nokudla okuncane okucutshungulwayo kuzonciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wekoloni. Ungavivinya umzimba futhi uvikele ugwayi notshwala.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola: Kunabambalwa izinketho zokuhlolwa komdlavuza wekoloni . Okuvame kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-colonoscopy noma i-fecal. Ngokwenketho yokugcina, udokotela uqoqa isampula yendle bese ebheka imichilo emincane yegazi esitokisini sakho. Uma kutholakala noma yiliphi igazi, udokotela uzo-oda i-colonoscopy. Ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, uqala uthanjiswe, bese udokotela efaka insimbi ende, eguquguqukayo ku-rectum yakho bese eyihlanganisa kuze kufike komunye umkhawulo wamathumbu akho amakhulu. Ithuluzi lithumela isithombe sangaphakathi kwikholoni yakho ukuze udokotela akwazi ukusihlola ngokungajwayelekile. Akubuhlungu, kepha kungadala ukungakhululeki, umuzwa we-gassy.

Eminye imidlavuza

Iningi labesifazane lizodinga kuphela ukuhlolwa okuvamile komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, webele nowe-colon. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uvakashele kahle unyaka nonyaka nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo bese ubuza ukuthi ngabe unezici ezithile eziyingozi ezingabonisa isidingo sokuhlola eminye imidlavuza, njengesikhumba, amaphaphu, isibeletho noma umdlavuza we-ovari.

Izingozi zobungozi bomdlavuza othile zifaka:

• Ukubhema
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Umlando womndeni
• Imithi ethile
• Izakhi zofuzo
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ukudla okungafanele
• Izifo ezithile zofuzo

Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele. Xoxa ngezidingo zakho zezempilo nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo.

Kubiza malini ukuhlolwa komdlavuza?

Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zimboza ukuhlolwa komdlavuza okunconywayo ngokuya ngeminyaka yakho nezinye izinto ezinobungozi. Kepha uma ungenawo umshuwalense, kunezinye izindlela zokuthola ukuhlolwa kwamahhala komdlavuza.

I-Planned Parenthood, izikhungo zezempilo ezifanelekayo, kanye neminyango yezempilo yendawo inikela ngezinsizakalo eziningi zokuvikela abesifazane ngesilinganiso semali eshibhile, kusho uDkt. Berens. Imikhuba yokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo eqondile itholakala ezweni lonke futhi inikezela ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo okuphelele okungabizi kuzo zonke iziguli kungakhathalekile isimo somshuwalense, futhi zingasiza ukuxhuma iziguli ezizikhokhela ngezinsizakusebenza ezingabizi zokuhlolwa.