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Ukutheleleka kwezindlebe ezinganeni

Imfundo Yezempilo

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli nokuthimula, amakhala agobayo, namaqhubu alumayo angachazeki — izingane zibonakala ziyibuthe lamagciwane. Kumhlahlandlela womzali wethu ezifweni zobuntwana, sikhuluma ngezimpawu nokwelashwa kwezimo ezivame kakhulu. Funda uchungechunge oluphelele lapha.

Ambalwa amaphunga angithutha angibuyisele ebusheni bami ngokushesha ukwedlula umuthi wobhanana. Njengengane eyayiphathwa kaningi yizindlebe, ngajwayelana kahle nalolo ketshezi olukhanyayo oluphuzi olwalunambitheka njengoswidi, kodwa empeleni lwaluyi-antibiotic. Ukuthi ngiye ngaba nezikhathi eziningi kakhulu zokuxubha i-nostalgic ngephunga ezinsukwini zami njengothisha wokunakekela izingane, futhi manje njengomzali, kwenza into eyodwa icace: Ukutheleleka ngezindlebe nobuntwana kuyahambisana.

Kuyini ukutheleleka kwezindlebe?

Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuphakathi (i-acute otitis media, noma i-AOM) ukuvuvukala kwendlebe ephakathi. Kwenzeka lapho uketshezi lwakha ngemuva kwendlebe futhi ngokuvamile kubangelwa amagciwane. Ukutheleleka kwezindlebe ezinganeni kuvame kakhulu, nge Izingane ezi-5 kwezingu-6 ukuhlangabezana okungenani okukodwa ngesikhathi lapho beneminyaka emithathu ubudala, kanti izehlakalo eziphakeme zenzeka phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engu-6 nengu-12.

Ngenkathi ukutheleleka kwezindlebe kungukutheleleka ngaphakathi kwendlebe ephakathi, kuvame ukuqala ngokutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumula okubangelwa amagciwane, kufaka phakathi amagciwane omkhuhlane. Amagciwane noma amagciwane aphuma emakhaleni nasemphinjeni angena endlebeni ephakathi naphakathi kwe-eardrum (ulwelwesi lwe-tympanic), okudala ukwanda kwezimfihlo, ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.

Ezinye izingane zithambekele kakhulu ekungenweni yizindlebe kunezinye. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6, eziya enkulisa, ezichayeke ngentuthu kagwayi, ezinezinye izimo zempilo ezifana nesifuba somoya, indlebe noma ukukhubazeka ebusweni, ezihlala ezindaweni ezingcolisiwe, noma eziphuza ebhodleleni elilele phezulu ingozi yokutheleleka ezindlebeni. Futhi, ukuntuleka kokuncelisa noma imishanguzo ye-pneumococcal kanye ne-influenza kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka ezindlebeni. Ukutheleleka ngezindlebe nakho kungasebenza emindenini.

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwezindlebe ezinganeni

Uma kunokwakheka koketshezi endlebeni ephakathi ngaphandle kokutheleleka, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-otitis media nge-effusion. Lokhu ngokuvamile akubangeli ukushisa komzimba, ubomvu, noma ukudonsa amanzi, kodwa kusengadala ubuhlungu bokucindezelwa noma ezinye izinkinga.

Uma kunoketshezi endlebeni ephakathi, indlebe ayikwazi ukudlidlizela ngakho-ke izimpawu zokuqala ongazibona umuzwa wokugcwala endlebeni ephakathi nokuncipha kwekhono lakho lokuzwa kuleyo ndlebe, kusho uLeann Poston, MD, udokotela umnikeli we-Ikon Health.

Lokhu kwakha oketshezi kungaba kubi kakhulu. Noma yisiphi isikhathi lapho uketshezi luhleli, njengas echibini, amabhaktheriya namagciwane aqala ukwanda ngenani futhi abangele ukutheleleka, kusho uDkt. Poston.

Izingane ezikhuluma ngamazwi zingatshela abazali bazo ngobuhlungu bendlebe — kodwa ngoba izifo zendlebe zivame ukuqala ngaphambi kokuba izingane zikwazi ukuveza imizwa yazo ngokusobala, kubalulekile ukuthi abazali babheke ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka endlebeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

Ukudonsa / ukudonsa ezindlebeni
Umkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezisencane
Inkinga yokulala
Ukudinwa / ukucasuka / ukukhala
Inkinga yokuzwa / ukungabi nempendulo emisindweni ethule
Ukukhipha uketshezi kusuka endlebeni
Ukuxakeka / izinkinga ngokulinganisela

Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami kudokotela ukuze ithole ukutheleleka endlebeni?

Ukutheleleka endlebeni akudingi njalo ukuvakashela udokotela, kodwa kuwumqondo omuhle ukubona umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma kusolwa ukutheleleka kwendlebe-noma ngabe nje ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpawu zibangelwa ukutheleleka endlebeni hhayi okunye. Amazinyo, ukutheleleka nge-sinus, ukwakheka kwe-earwax, noma amalaka onegciwane nakho kungaholela ebuhlungwini bendlebe obungebangelwa ukutheleleka, kusho uDkt Poston.

Ukuvakashela umhlinzeki wezempilo (imvamisa udokotela womndeni, udokotela wezingane, noma umhlengikazi) kuyadingeka uma nakhu:

Imfiva engu-102.2 degrees Fahrenheit noma ngaphezulu ezinganeni ezindala kunezinyanga eziyisithupha
Umkhuhlane u-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit noma ngaphezulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha
Ukuchithwa, ubomvu, noma uketshezi oluvela endlebeni
Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
Ukuphathwa ikhanda, intamo eqinile, noma umphimbo obuhlungu
Noma yiluphi olunye uphawu oluphathelene noma olunzima

Kufanele futhi uhlele i-aphoyintimenti uma izimpawu zihlala isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, ziba zimbi, noma ubuhlungu bungalawuleki ngemithi yasesitolo.

Ekuvakasheni kwakho, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho uvame ukwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuze ahlole izimpawu. Umhlinzeki wezokwelapha usebenzisa i-otoscope, okuyisilazi esikhulisa kushubhu elinelambu, ukubheka emseleni wezindlebe oya endlebeni, kusho uDkt Poston. Uma ithelelekile izobukeka ibomvu futhi ivuvukile futhi uvame ukubona uketshezi oluphuzi ngemuva kwayo. Uma ingcindezi yakha kakhulu ingavula imbobo endlebeni. Lokhu kudambisa ingcindezi nobuhlungu namanzi athelelekile aphuma endlebeni.

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka ezindlebeni ezinganeni

Ama-antibiotic anqunywa uma kubonakala uketshezi ngemuva kwe-eardrum, ukutheleleka kwendlebe kubuhlungu, noma ingane inemfiva nobuhlungu bendlebe, kusho uDkt Poston. Inketho yokuqala yama-antibiotics ithi imvamisa i-Amoxicillin Ngaphandle kokuthi une-allergen, usanda kuba ku-Amoxicillin, unezifo eziphindelela zezindlebe ezingazweli ekwelashweni nge-Amoxicillin, noma unesifo samehlo ngokutheleleka endlebeni. Umthamo we-Amoxicillin usekelwe kusisindo.

Ama-antibiotic anjalo akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi . Ama-antibiotic ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa izingane ezithola ukutheleleka okuphindelela kwezindlebe; kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izingane ezidinga ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane, kusho uSoma Mandal, MD, osebenza ebhodini oqinisekisiwe e Summit Medical Group . Ukutheleleka okuningi kwezindlebe kungasula kukodwa futhi kudambise izinhlungu ezifana acetaminophen kungathathwa ukudambisa izinhlungu. Imithi elwa namagciwane ayibambiqhaza ekwelapheni ukutheleleka kwendlebe ngegciwane, futhi ingahlotshaniswa nemiphumela engemihle kanye namandla okulwa nemithi elwa namagciwane. Amanye ama-antibiotic okuqala afaka phakathi cefdinir , umagasine , cefporthime , noma umabhebhana .

Cishe i-80% yezingane ezinokutheleleka ezindlebeni ezinzima zizolulama ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic. Uma ingane ingekho ebunzimeni obukhulu, noma ikhombisa izimpawu zokutheleleka okunzima, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angase asikisele ukulinda okuqaphile — ukuhlola izindlebe zengane ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uketshezi luzikhelela lodwa. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukubambezela ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, kuhlanganiswe nokulinda okulindile, akuwenyusi amathuba okuthi ingane ibe nezinkinga ezinkulu. Uma ukutheleleka kunegciwane, ama-antibiotic ngeke alwelaphe.

I-American Academy Yezingane iyeluleka, Isinqumo sokunganiki imishanguzo yokuqala yama-antibiotic kanye nokugcina kufanele kube yisinqumo esihlanganyelwe sodokotela nabazali. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uhlelo lokulandelela okusondele kanye nezindlela zokuqala ama-antibiotic kufanele lube khona uma izimpawu ziba zimbi noma kungabi khona ukuthuthuka kubonakala emahoreni angama-48 kuye kwangama-72.

OKUSHIWO: Imithi yokutheleleka ngezindlebe nokwelashwa

Ukuphathwa kwezimpawu kuyindlela ongayenza ngenkathi ulinde ukutheleleka ezindlebeni ukusula ngokwakho. Lokhu kungafaka:

Imithi yezinhlungu nemfiva njenge-ibuprofen ( I-Advil , UMotrin ) noma UTylenol (ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, sebenzisa kuphela iTylenol — ungalokothi unikeze ingane i-Aspirin)
Izindlebe zehla ngendlebe —Funda ilebula bese uqinisekisa ukuthi aziqukethe izithako uxwayiswe yi-FDA yezingane, futhi uthintane nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi endlebe. Ukuze uthole amathiphu wokuthi uwafaka kanjani amaconsi endlebe, bheka lokhu okokufundisa kusuka I-American Academy of Pediatrics.
Phumula
Ukuvuthwa ngamanzi nolunye uketshezi

OKUSHIWO: Yikuphi ukudambisa izinhlungu okuhle noma ukunciphisa imfiva ezinganeni?

Amagama okuxwayisa:

NJALO hlolisisa umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokunikeza ingane umuthi wokukhwehlela, amakhaza noma imithi yokuqeda amandla. Le mithi ingadala imiphumela eyingozi ezinganeni.
UNGAZE ufake noma yini ngaphakathi komsele wendlebe wengane (eceleni kwamaconsi uma kunconywa udokotela wengane). Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-swabs kakotini, amabhola kakotini, noma ezinye izinto, noma iziphuzo ngaphandle uma kuqondiswa uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
NJALO uqeda yonke inkambo yama-antibiotic, uma kunqunyiwe — ngisho noma ingane izizwa ingcono.

Izingane zivame ukuqala ukuzizwa zingcono ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kepha uketshezi endlebeni kungahlala amasonto amathathu kuye kwayisithupha.

Ukutheleleka ezindlebeni kukhona kungathelelani . Izingane zingabuyela ku- isikole noma ukunakekelwa kwezinsuku lapho umkhuhlane usuphelile futhi bazizwa bephilile ngokwanele ukwenza kanjalo, noma ngabe basendleleni yama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zezifo ezidala ukutheleleka ezindlebeni ziyathathelana, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi imbangela yokutheleleka ezindlebeni nayo iyanakekelwa ngaphambi kokuvumela ingane eduze kwezinye izingane.

Yiziphi ezinye zezinkinga ezingaba khona ezivela ekungenweni yizindlebe?

Ukutheleleka okuningi kwezindlebe kuzophola ngaphandle kokukhishwa, kepha kunezinkinga ezithile ezingavela.

Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngenxa yoketshezi olude endlebeni, olungathinta ukukhuluma nolimi ezinganeni ezincane
I-eardrum eqhekekile , ezokhipha ingcindezi kepha ingaphola ngezicubu ezibomvu. Ukuqhekeka okuningi kungadala izinkinga ngokudlidliza kolwelwesi.
Mastoiditis lapho ukutheleleka kusakazeka kumaseli omoya ethanjeni le-mastoid ngemuva kwendlebe. Lokhu kungadinga amanzi okuhlinzwa.

Uma izimpawu zengane zingapheli zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, noma ngaphandle kokwelashwa, bheka umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Uma ukulandelwa kunconywa, qiniseka ukuthi uyalandela lapho kubekiwe.

Kuyini ukutheleleka okuvela endlebeni futhi kulashwa kanjani?

Ukutheleleka okuvamile kwezindlebe kungenxa yoketshezi oluqhubekayo ngemuva kwe-eardrum elitheleleka kabusha, kusho uDkt Poston. Izingane ezincane zinamathuba amaningi okuthola ukutheleleka kwezindlebe okuphindaphindiwe ngoba amashubhu abo e-Eustachian (amashubhu okuhambisa amanzi ezindlebeni) angaphezulu futhi mancane ngobubanzi.

Ama-antibiotic awasusi uketshezi olungemva kwe-eardrum, kepha aqeda iningi lama-bacterium. Izingane ezithola izifo ezingaphezu kwezintathu ezindlebeni ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, noma ezine endlebeni ezinyangeni eziyi-12, zingathola amashubhu ezindlebeni zazo. Lezi zinhlayiya ezincane, zepulasitiki zifakwa eardrum, imvamisa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, futhi zisiza ukuphuma kuketshezi ngemuva kwe-eardrum. Zidinga ukuhlolwa futhi zivame ukuphuma zodwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye. Uma okunye ukwelashwa kungakhiqizi, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma uchwepheshe wezindlebe, impumulo, nomphimbo angaphakamisa ukuthi kususwe ama-adenoid engane ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka kumashubhu e-Eustachian.

OKUSHIWO: Ukwelashwa kwezindlebe zokubhukuda nemithi

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukutheleleka ezindlebeni ezinganeni

Ngenkathi ukutheleleka kwezindlebe kungavinjelwa ngokuphelele, kunezindlela ezithile zokunciphisa izinto ezinobungozi ezihambisana nazo:

Gcina intuthu kagwayi kude nezingane, ikakhulukazi izingane. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izingane ezisentuthu kagwayi zinokutheleleka okuningi ezindlebeni.
Gcina imigomo yezingane isesikhathini, ikakhulukazi imishanguzo ye-pneumococcal ne-influenza (flu).
Sebenzisa inhlanzeko yokugeza izandla kuwo wonke umuntu, kufaka phakathi nezingane.
Ungavumeli ibhodlela noma uvumele izingane noma izingane ezincane ukuba ziyolala (noma ukulala) ngebhodlela.
Gcina izingane zikude nabantu abagulayo.
Uncelise ibele izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela, bese uqhubeka nokuncelisa ingane ize ibe nezinyanga okungenani eziyi-12.