Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kweSinus nemithi
Imfundo YezempiloKuyini ukutheleleka kwesinus? | Ukuxilongwa kwesifo seSinus | Izinketho zokwelashwa kokutheleleka kweSinus | Imithi yokutheleleka ngeSinus | Imithi ehamba phambili yokutheleleka nge-sinus | Imiphumela emibi yokutheleleka nge-sinus | Amakhambi we-Sinus ukutheleleka ekhaya | Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa | Izinsizakusebenza
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi yini angayilindela lapho kubanda kanye nenkathi yokungezwani komzimba nokuzungeza kwakho — ulindele ikhala eligudlukayo, umqala onukayo, nokuthimula njalo. Kepha uma izimpawu zesono zakho ziba zimbi, futhi uzwa ubuhlungu besikhathi eside ebusweni, ikhala eligijimayo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nokuminyana kwamakhala, ungaba nenkinga enkulu kakhulu.
Lapho izimpawu ezibandayo noma zokungezwani komzimba zingapheli, zingabangelwa ukutheleleka nge-sinus. Sebenzisa lo mhlahlandlela walokho okutheleleka nge-sinus nokuthi ungakuphatha kanjani ngemithi nangezinye izindlela zokwelapha ekhaya.
Kuyini ukutheleleka kwesinus (sinusitis)?
Ukutheleleka nge-sinus, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-sinusitis noma i-rhinosinusitis, yisimo lapho izicubu ezifaka khona izindinyana zamakhala ziyavuvukala. Ukutheleleka kweSinus kuvame kakhulu, kuthinta cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingama-30 e-U.S. unyaka nonyaka, futhi amaphesenti amakhulu alawa magciwane azixazululela ngokwawo. Izimpawu ze-sinusitis ezijwayelekile zifaka ukuminyana kwamakhala, umphimbo obuhlungu, ikhanda elibuhlungu nobuso ebusweni.
Kuchazwa nje, ukutheleleka nge-sinus kwenzeka uma kune- ukutheleleka ezonweni , uhlelo oluxhunywe lwezikhala ezigcwaliswe emoyeni kugebhezi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, amafinyila aphuma ukuze umoya udlule emigodini yesono. Lapho uketshezi lukhula ezinsini, amagciwane ayakhula futhi ukutheleleka kungenzeka.
Ukutheleleka ngeSinus kungadala ukungakhululeki ebusweni ngenxa yokucinana kwamakhala. Ungase ube nekhanda, ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo, nobumnene bobuso noma ukuvuvukala. Ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-sinus ziyefana nokuba nomkhuhlane omubi noma ukungezwani komzimba okubandakanya ukukhishwa kwamakhala, ukudonswa kwangemva kokubeletha, ukukhathala, ingcindezi yesinus, ukulahleka kwephunga, ukucasuka komphimbo, kanye nomkhuhlane.
Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba noma umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka nge-sinus kungathatha izinhlobo eziningi. I-sinusitis enamandla ingadala izimpawu ezincane futhi ihambe ngokushesha ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic. Lawa macala avame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane njengomkhuhlane ovamile futhi awadingi lutho olungaphezu kokwelashwa okuyisibonakaliso kwenduduzo yakho.
I-sinusitis engapheli, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa futhi ibe nzima kakhulu. Ngokuya ngobukhulu bokutheleleka, ungakwazi ukuzelapha ngamakhambi asekhaya, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi badinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic .
Amaqembu athile abantu maningi amathuba okuthola izifo zesono. Uma ubhema, hamba uye endaweni ephakeme ehlukile, unesifo somzimba esibuthakathaka, i-allergen rhinitis, noma i-cystic fibrosis, usengozini yokuthola izifo zesono.
I-sinusitis itholakala kanjani?
Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu nengcindezi engacaci kungapheli isonto kuya ezinsukwini eziyi-10, kungaba yisikhathi sokuhlela ukuqokwa kukadokotela. Ungavakashela udokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko ukuze ahlolwe ukutheleleka nge-sinus.
Ukutheleleka nge-sinus kuvame ukutholakala kunamandla ngaphandle kwesidingo sokucabanga noma amasiko, kuchaza ULindsey Elmore , I-Pharm.D., BCPS. Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okulula nokubuyekezwa kwezimpawu zakho kufanele kube ngokwanele kudokotela wakho ukukhomba ukutheleleka kwesono. Udokotela wakho cishe uzohlola ikhala lakho ngokukhanya ukuze abheke ukuvuvukala. Naye angakubuza nganoma yibuphi ubuhlungu obuzwayo ukuze abone ukuthi buhlehlela emuva emigodini yesono.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, noma uma uthola izifo njalo, udokotela wakho angenza ezinye izivivinyo ukukhipha ezinye izimo njengokutheleleka kwefungal. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba, i-endoscopy yamakhala ukuze uhlole ngokubonakalayo ama-sinus, ukuswayipha ikhala lakho ukuze uthole isiko lamanzi wamanzi, noma izithombe zebhu ukuskena okungahambi kahle.
Izimpawu zingaba zimbi (isikhathi esifushane) noma ezingapheli (isikhathi eside), futhi kufanele ufune usizo lukadokotela uma unezimpawu ezihlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-10, noma zingaxazululeki kuma-counter agents ngoba lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi une ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesono, kusho uDkt. Elmore.
Izinketho zokwelashwa kokutheleleka kweSinus
Kunezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-sinus, kepha inketho yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu iyahluka ngobukhulu becala. Okunye ukutheleleka okunamandla kwesono kuzoziqedela ngokwakho ngaphandle kokwelapha, futhi ungacabanga nje ukuthi bekubanda. Abanye badinga ukungenelela okubucayi kakhulu ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo abajwayelekile banquma ukutheleleka okucatshangwa ukuthi yi-bacterial sinus infection kuyi-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo se-sinus esibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane njengokubanda okuvamile, udokotela wakho ngeke anikeze ama-antibiotic njengoba le mithi ilapha kuphela ukutheleleka kwamagciwane. Esikhundleni salokho, ungaphatha ukutheleleka nge-sinus ngesifo kuze kuxazululeke, ngama-decongestants wamakhala kanye nama-antihistamine.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-sinus ekhaya ngemithi ye-over-the-counter (OTC) namakhambi asekhaya. Ama-antihistamine we-OTC avimba imiphumela ye-histamine, esiza izimpawu ezifana nokuthimula nekhala eligijimayo. Ukwelashwa okulula njengamanzi okuphuza, ukugcina amasunusi akho ahlanjululwe (ngomkhiqizo we-nasal rinse), nokusebenzisa ukucindezela okufudumele, kungasiza ekwelapheni izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-sinus.
Ukugcina izindima zakho zamakhala zihlanzekile kungakusiza uvikele izifo zesono zesikhathi esizayo. Uma ulindele ukuba nezinkinga zesinus ngesikhathi sokungezwani komzimba noma sonyaka obandayo, ukukhipha amavesi akho acinene ngesisombululo samanzi anosawoti kungakusiza ukuthi ugweme izinhlungu zesifo se-sinus.
Ukutheleleka okuvamile futhi okungapheli kwesifo kungaba yisibonakaliso senkinga enkulu kakhulu ngesakhiwo somzimba sezono, njenge-septum ephambukile noma ama-polyp nasal. Lezi zinkinga zingadinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile kusuka ku-allergist, i-otolaryngologist, noma omunye udokotela ukugwema ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo kwesono ngokuzayo.
Imithi yokutheleleka ngeSinus
Lapho imishanguzo idingeka ekwelashweni kokutheleleka nge-sinus, kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-sinus zifaka ama-decongestants, ama-antibiotic, ama-steroids, ama-antihistamine, kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID).
Ama-decongestants
Imishanguzo yokuncipha isiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ingcindezi nokucinana kwamafinyila ezindimeni zamakhala. Ama-decongestants okutheleleka nge-sinus ngokuvamile avela ngesifutho samakhala esifana ne-Vicks Sinus Nasal Spray noma i-Afrin Nasal Spray (womabili aqukethe i-oxymetazoline), namaphilisi omlomo afana neSudafed.
Le mithi ingasiza ngokushesha ekunciphiseni ingcindezi yesono, kepha akufanele ithathwe isikhathi eside. Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile izifutho zamakhala ezicinene kakhulu kungenza ukuminyana kubi kakhulu , ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe ngamunye wale mithi njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho. Izifutho zamakhala ezicindezelayo kufanele zisetshenziselwe kuphela izinsuku ezi-3. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yalezi zifutho zamakhala zifaka phakathi ukucasuka, ukoma, ukushisa, ukuhlaba, nokuthimula.
Uma isifutho samakhala esiqinisa kakhulu singakomisa, ungangezela isifutho se-saline nasal noma amaconsi ukumanzisa izindinyana zamakhala - imikhiqizo kasawoti ingasetshenziswa njengoba idingeka ngaphandle kwemikhawulo ngesikhathi. Amathebulethi womlomo aqeda ukuqina angakhuphula umfutho wegazi, ngakho-ke uma une-high blood pressure, cela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
Imithi elwa namagciwane
Ezimweni eziningi, ama-antibiotic awadingeki ukutheleleka nge-sinus, kepha odokotela bangahle bakunikeze eyodwa uma besola ukuthi ukutheleleka ngegciwane kuyimbangela yesinusitis. Ama-antibiotic ejwayelekile afana i-amoxicillin noma i-cefdinir ingasetshenziselwa ukumisa ukukhula noma ukubulala amabhaktheriya ukuxazulula ukutheleleka nge-sinus.
Amanye ama-antibiotic athandwayo anqunyelwe ukutheleleka nge-sinus afaka iZithromax (azithromycin) noma i-Augmentin. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yama-antibiotic ifaka phakathi isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nohudo.
Ukuphuza ama-steroid
I-Corticosteroids ingathuthukisa i-sinus drainage ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezono. Odokotela ngokujwayelekile banquma kuphela i-steroids yezifo ezinzima zesono. Ama-steroids ajwayelekile asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-sinus yi-prednisone neMedrol (methylprednisolone).
I-Fluticasone nasal spray yisidakamizwa se-steroid esingathengwa ngaphezulu kwe-counter (noma ngencwadi kadokotela) yokuqeda izimpawu zesinusitis. UFlonase yisifutho samakhala esidumile ongasifafaza emakhaleni ngalinye nsuku zonke ukuze uthole ukukhululeka kokuthimula, ikhala eligobayo, nokuminyana. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-steroids kungadala ukuphazamiseka emazingeni ama-hormone omzimba, ngakho-ke kufanele kuthathwe njengokululekwa kuphela.
Ama-antihistamine
Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-sinus kubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, ngakho-ke ama-antihistamine angasiza ukusula icala le-sinusitis ngokunciphisa noma ngokuyeka ukusabela okweqile. IBenadryl iyi-antihistamine ye-OTC esetshenziswa kakhulu enganciphisa ukuthimula, ikhala eligijimayo, nezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-sinus. Imiphumela emibi emibi yama-antihistamine ifaka phakathi isiyezi, umlomo owomile, nokozela.
Ama-antihistamine amasha amasha afana noClaritin, Allegra, Zyrtec, noXyzal, aphatha izimpawu ezifanayo kepha abangela ukozela okuncane. Amanye ama-antihistamine nawo aqukethe i-decongestant. Cela usokhemisi wakho akusize ekukhetheni umkhiqizo ofanele ozosiza izimpawu zakho futhi uphephile futhi ufanelekile ukuwuthatha, ucabangela izimo zakho zezokwelapha nemithi oyiphuzayo.
AmaTylenol nama-NSAID
Ukudambisa izinhlungu kwe-OTC kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezihambisana nokutheleleka nge-sinus. I-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen) iyi-analgesic esiza ukuqeda ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane, kuyilapho i-Advil (ibuprofen), i-Aleve (naproxen), kanye ne-aspirin kuyizidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID).
Ama-NSAID asiza ngezimpawu zobuhlungu nomkhuhlane, kanye nokuvuvukala / ukuvuvukala. Ama-NSAID angaxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa, ngakho-ke cela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi ungathatha i-NSAID nezinye izidakamizwa oziphuzayo. Futhi, ama-NSAID akufanele athathwe isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke thintana nodokotela wakho uma le ndlela yokwelashwa ingaxazululi i-sinusitis yakho zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-7-10.
Yimuphi umuthi ongcono kakhulu wesifo sesono?
Umuthi omuhle kakhulu wokwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-sinus unqunywa udokotela wakho futhi kuyahlukahluka ngamacala. Ngezansi, ungabona ukuqhathanisa kwemithi ejwayelekile yokutheleleka ngesono ukuze ufunde ukuthi yini ongayilindela.
| Imithi emihle kakhulu yezifo zesinus | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Igama lomuthi | Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Umzila wokuphatha | Isilinganiso esivamile sabantu abadala | Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile |
| I-Flonase (i-fluticasone) | ICorticosteroid | Isifutho sekhala | Izifutho ezi-2 ekhaleni ngalinye ngosuku | Ukuphathwa ikhanda, ukushiswa ngamakhala noma ukucasuka, ukuphuma kwegazi ngamakhala, isiyezi |
| I-Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) | I-Decongestant | Ngomlomo | Amaphilisi ama-2 njalo emahoreni we-4-6; kungabi ngaphezu kwamaphilisi ayisishiyagalombili ngesikhathi samahora angama-24 | Ukuphathwa ikhanda, isiyezi, ukuqwasha, uvalo |
| I-Benadryl (diphenhydramine) | I-antihistamine | Ngomlomo | Ama-capsule ama-1-2 noma amaphilisi njalo ngamahora angu-4-6; ungathathi ngaphezu kwezikhathi eziyisithupha emahoreni angama-24 | Isiyezi, umlomo owomile, ukozela |
| I-Mucinex (guaifenesin) | I-Expectorant (yokucinana kwesifuba / ukukhwehlela okukhiqizayo) | Ngomlomo | Ithebhulethi eyodwa ka-1200 mg njalo emahoreni ayi-12; kungabi ngaphezu kwamaphilisi ama-2 emahoreni angama-24; musa ukuhlafuna noma ukuchoboza. Thatha ngengilazi egcwele yamanzi. | Ukuphathwa ikhanda, isicanucanu, isiyezi, ukozela |
Isilinganiso sinqunywa udokotela wakho ngokuya ngesimo sakho sezempilo, impendulo ekwelashweni, eminyakeni yobudala, nasesisindo. Eminye imiphumela engemihle ekhona. Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yemithi yokutheleleka nge-sinus?
Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yemithi yokutheleleka nge-sinus iyahluka ngohlobo lwemithi oyisebenzisayo. Ama-decongestants athambekele ekubangeleni ukwethuka, ukuqwasha nokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Imiphumela emibi yama-antibiotic ifaka phakathi isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nohudo. Ama-antihistamine nama-steroids angadala isizungu nokuphazamiseka kokulala.
Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwemiphumela emibi yemithi yokutheleleka yesono. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma ikuphi ukusabela okungahambi kahle okuvela emthini noma ekwelashweni, ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Yiziphi izixazululo ezihamba phambili ekhaya zokutheleleka nge-sinus?
Kunamakhambi ambalwa asekhaya alula angasebenza ekuqedeni ubuhlungu bakho futhi akusize usule izono zakho. Ukugwema ukusebenzisa imishanguzo, zama i-compress efudumele emakhaleni nasebusweni, bese uhambisa izindle zamakhala ngamanzi afudumele anosawoti, kusho uDkt. Elmore.
TO Isixazululo esenziwe ekhaya sokunisela ngamakhala kungenye yezindlela zokwelashwa ezihamba phambili ekhaya zokutheleleka nge-sinus. Ungasebenzisa isirinji noma ibhodwe le-neti ukusakaza isisombululo sikasawoti onga-iodized, isoda yokubhaka, namanzi asivivi (noma abilisiwe ngaphambili) ngamakhala ukuze usize ukugcina izindinyana zakho zamakhala zihlanzekile. Noma, ungakhetha umkhiqizo ekhemisi lakho oselungisiwe futhi olungele ukuxuba amaphakethe.
Amanye amakhambi asekhaya okutheleleka nge-sinus afaka ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, usebenzisa izifutho zamakhala eziqeda amandla, nokuhogela umusi phezu kwesitofu noma eshaweni. Ukulungiswa kwendlela ethile yokuphila kungaphinde kukhuthaze ukugeleza kwamanzi acinene njengokulala uphakamise ikhanda ebusuku noma ukugcina okokufudumeza kusebenza ekhaya lakho ukugwema indawo eyomile.
Ukudambisa izinhlungu ekhaya, ungasebenzisa i-compress efudumele noma uphuze imishanguzo yezinhlungu ezithengelayo ukunciphisa ikhanda nobuhlungu ebusweni ekucinaneni.
Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo mayelana nokutheleleka nge-sinus
Ususa kanjani ngokushesha ukutheleleka kwesono?
Ungaphatha ukutheleleka nge-sinus ekhaya noma ngemithi ye-OTC yokuqeda izimpawu, kanye / noma imishanguzo kadokotela yokulwa namagciwane, uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Hlala u-hydrated, sebenzisa i-humidifier, futhi ulale uthambekele ekusizeni ukuxazulula ukutheleleka kwesono sakho ngokushesha. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze ubone ukuthi ngabe uyayidinga yini i-antibiotic.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kokutheleleka nge-sinus?
Ukunisela ngamakhala kanye nezifutho zamakhala kuyindlela yokwelashwa ejwayelekile yokutheleleka nge-sinus. Uma imbangela yokutheleleka ibhaktheriya, ungadinga ama-antibiotic ukusula ukutheleleka. Usokhemisi wakho angaba ngumthombo omkhulu wokukusiza ukhethe i-OTC nasal spray ezosiza izimpawu zakho ezithile.
Ungasusa ukutheleleka kwesono ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic?
Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-sinus kubangelwa igciwane elifana nomkhuhlane ovamile futhi akudingi ama-antibiotic ukwelashwa. Uma unezimpawu ezincane, imithi ye-OTC ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zakho uze uzizwe ungcono. Kodwa-ke, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma izimpawu ziba zimbi noma zingathuthuki ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, noma uma noma nini unobuhlungu obukhulu / obukhulu noma ukucindezela, noma umkhuhlane omkhulu.
Kwenzekani uma uvumela ukutheleleka kwesono kungalashwa?
Ezinye izifo zesinus zingasula zodwa. Ezinye zingahlala isikhathi eside futhi zihlala isikhathi eside. Kungcono ukuvakashela udokotela uma izimpawu zakho zihlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10, noma uma unezimpawu ezinzima.
Yikuphi okunye ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ekhaya kwezifo zesinus?
Ukusebenzisa i-compress efudumele, amanzi okuphuza, nokusebenzisa isisombululo sokunisela ngamakhala kungamakhambi asebenzayo ekhaya okutheleleka nge-sinus. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, kepha uma imbangela yokutheleleka kungamagciwane, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokunika ne-antibiotic.
Yini udokotela azoyinquma nge-sinusitis?
Uma imbangela yokutheleleka ibhaktheriya, udokotela uzokunika i-antibiotic. Uma imbangela iyi-virus, udokotela wakho angancoma ama-OTC decongestants, ama-NSAID, ama-antihistamine, noma ama-steroid kadokotela.
Ingabe kufanele uthathe ama-antibiotics ngesifo se-sinus?
Ama-antibiotic asebenza kuphela ekungenweni yisinus okubangelwa amagciwane. Udokotela uzokusiza ukuthi unqume indlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu.
Ngingayelapha kanjani i-sinusitis ekhaya?
Ungathatha ama-decongestants angaphezu kwama-counter, ama-antihistamine, noma ama-NSAID ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwezono futhi ukhuthaze ukugeleza kwamanzi emakhaleni ekhaya. Lezi zindlela ze-OTC zizohlinzeka ukukhululeka kwezimpawu, kepha ngeke zelaphe ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
