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Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yeXarelto kubantu asebekhulile?

Imininingwane Yezidakamizwa

I-Xarelto inguhlobo lomkhiqizo lwe-rivaroxaban powder. Kuyinto enciphise igazi elapha futhi inciphise ubungozi bamahlule egazi kubantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, futhi inganciphisa nengozi yokushaywa unhlangothi. IXarelto ijwayele ukunikezwa abantu abadala kepha ingadala imiphumela emibi eminingi kubantu abadala kunasebekhulile. Ake sibheke ngokujulile ukuthi kungani kunqunywa lokhu kuncipha kwegazi nemiphumela emibi yeXarelto kubantu asebekhulile.

Kungani abanciphisi begazi benikezwa abantu abadala?

Ama-thinner egazi, abizwa nangokuthi ama-anticoagulants, yimithi eyandisa isikhathi esithatha umzimba ukwakha igazi. IXarelto iyisici Xa inhibitor, okuwuhlobo lwe-anticoagulant evimbela i-enzyme thrombin ukuthi yakheke, edlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni amahlule egazi. Abadala bavame ukuba sengozini enkulu yokuthola amahlule egazi, futhi abaciphisi begazi banomphumela oqinile we-anticoagulation.

Kunezimo eziningi zezempilo abadala abangaba nazo ezingadinga ukuthi bathathe igazi elincanyana. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezingaqinisekisa ukuthi kunikezwa umuthi omncane wegazi:

I-fibrillation ye-atrial engavumelekile: Lolu hlobo lwe-fibrillation ye-atrial alubangelwa inkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo, kepha lubangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokungajwayelekile. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi simo siphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi futhi sandisa ingozi yokuthola igazi, abantu abaningi abanalo kuzodingeka bathathe igazi elincanyana, futhi izivivinyo zokwelashwa kukhombisile ukuthi iXarelto iphephile futhi iyasebenza kubantu abane-atrial fibrillation.
I-vein thrombosis ejulile (i-DVT): I-DVT yisimo lapho i-clot yegazi ikhula ijule ngaphakathi komthambo, imvamisa emlenzeni ophansi noma ethangeni. Lesi simo singasongela impilo uma sidala ukubumbana kwamaphaphu. Abantu abanezimpawu noma ukuxilongwa kwe-DVT bangathatha igazi elincanyana ukugcina i-clot yegazi ingabi yimbi futhi ivimbele noma iyiphi entsha ukuthi yakheke.
I-embolism ye-pulmonary: TO embolism yamaphaphu yilokho okwenzekayo lapho i-clot yegazi le-DVT ikhululeka lapho yakha khona futhi yangena komunye wemithambo yamaphaphu emaphashini. Lokhu kungadala ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane, futhi kungabeka impilo engozini uma kungelashwa ngezinciphisi zegazi noma izinqubo.
Isifo semithambo yegazi (CAD): I-CAD iphawulwa ngokuncipha noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni. Abantu abane-CAD banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola amahlule egazi angadala isifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.
Isifo semithambo eseceleni (PAD): Njenge-CAD, abantu abanesifo semithambo eseceleni banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola amahlule egazi nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukushaywa unhlangothi ngenxa yabo. I-PAD ibonakala ngokuncipha kwemithambo emilenzeni, ezingalweni nasekhanda.
Ukuhlinzwa ngamadolo noma okhalweni: Abantu abadala asebekhulile bavame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa ngamadolo noma okhalweni emuva kwesikhathi empilweni, futhi lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinzwa zingakhuphula ingozi yokuthola igazi. Kwesinye isikhathi odokotela bazonikeza umuntu ocekela phansi igazi njengoXarelto ngemuva kokuhlinzwa edolweni noma okhalweni.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yeXarelto kubantu asebekhulile?

Ama-thinner egazi afana neXarelto mahle ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni amahlule egazi kepha futhi eza nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola imiphumela emibi ethile. Ngenxa yokuthi izinciphisi zegazi zithinta ukushuba kwegazi, zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nemiphumela emibi ehlobene nokopha. Ziphinde zithinte ukubalwa kwamaseli egazi, okungadala izimpawu ezihlukile.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile

Nayi imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yeXarelto abadala abangayithola:

Ingozi eyengeziwe yokopha
Ukulimaza kalula
Ukopha isikhathi eside ngokusikeka
Izinsini zokopha
Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
Isiyezi
Ubuhlungu bekhanda
Ukopha ngamakhala
Ubudikadika
Ukungasebenzi kwamathumbu noma kwesisu
Ubuthakathaka

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

Le ngozi yokuhlangabezana ukopha njengoba imiphumela eseceleni yeXarelto izokwanda uma ithathwa ngasikhathi sinye neminye imithi ethile. Nalu uhlu lwemithi engadala ukuhlangana kwezidakamizwa ezingezinhle:

Amanye ama-anticoagulants anokujova noma omlomo
I-Aspirin
Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)
Imithi equkethe i-heparin
I-Warfarin
I-Clopidogrel
Ama-Platelet inhibitors
I-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe (SSRIs)
ISerotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu

Ukuthatha iXarelto nakho kungadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. Kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi elandelayo ngenkathi uthatha iXarelto:

Ukopha okungalawuleki noma okungavamile
Umchamo obomvu, obomvana noma onsundu
Izitulo ezinegazi
Indle emnyama
Akhwehlele igazi
Ukukhwehlela amahlule egazi
Vomit ebukeka njengezindawo zekhofi

Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abathatha iXarelto bafune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma benanoma iyiphi yale miphumela emibi ngoba bangakhombisa ukuthi kukhona ukopha ngaphakathi , ukopha emathunjini, noma ukopha ebuchosheni (ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi). Lezi zinhlobo zezehlakalo zokopha zivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abathatha iXarelto futhi zingabeka impilo engozini uma kungakhulunywa nazo ngokushesha. Iziguli ezindala eziwa ngenkathi zithatha iXarelto kufanele zazise udokotela wazo ngokwenzekile futhi zibheke noma yiziphi izimpawu zokopha kwangaphakathi ezingakhombisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokufuna ukwelulekwa kwezokwelapha.

Ezinye izexwayiso

Ngaphezu kwale miphumela engemihle, iXarelto iza nefayela le- isexwayiso sebhokisi exwayisa ngokumisa umuthi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi begazi elivale umthambo noma umthambo. Imiyalo yomkhiqizi iphakamisa ukuthi kufanele kuthathwe okokunciphisa igazi okwehlukile esikhundleni seXarelto uma umuthi udinga ukumiswa nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kwemicimbi emikhulu yokopha. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umuntu obethatha iXarelto akazwani namahlwili egazi angadingekile futhi asongela impilo.

IXarelto iza nesixwayiso sesibili esibhoksini sengozi eyengeziwe ye- umgogodla / ama-hematomas omgogodla . Abantu abane-punctures yomgogodla noma abantu abathola imijovo emgogodleni noma endaweni ye-epidural banengozi enkulu yokuthola i-clot yegazi engadala ukukhubazeka kwesikhathi eside noma unomphela. Odokotela bazobheka ngokucophelela iziguli zabo ukuthola izimpawu zegazi, okungabandakanya ukushoshozela, ukuba ndikindiki, ubuhlungu beqolo, ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, nobuthakathaka bemisipha. Uma une-puncture yomgogodla, i-catheter ye-epidural, noma uthola imijovo emgogodleni wakho futhi unanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ungayithatha kanjani iXarelto

Ukuthatha kahle i-Xarelto kubalulekile ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kusebenza kahle ngangokunokwenzeka nokuthi kubanga inani elincane lemiphumela emibi. Amaphilisi e-Xarelto anezikhwepha ezine zomthamo: 2.5mg, 10mg, 15mg, no-20mg. Nayi i- imithamo ejwayelekile yeXarelto yezimo ezehlukene zezokwelapha:

I-atrial fibrillation ayibangelwa inkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo: I-15-20 mg ithathwa kanye ngosuku ngesidlo sakusihlwa.
I-vein thrombosis ejulile (i-DVT): I-15 mg ithathwa kabili ngosuku ngokudla, ngezikhathi ezifanayo ngosuku ngalunye.
I-embolism ye-pulmonary: I-15 mg ithathwa kabili ngosuku ngokudla, ngezikhathi ezifanayo ngosuku ngalunye.
Isifo semithambo yegazi (CAD): I-2.5 mg ithathwa kabili ngosuku noma ngaphandle kokudla.
Isifo semithambo eseceleni (PAD): I-2.5 mg ithathwa kabili ngosuku noma ngaphandle kokudla.
Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe ngamadolo noma ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-hip: I-10 mg ithathwa kanye ngosuku noma ngaphandle kokudla.

Kuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamane ukuthi iXarelto ifinyelele ekugcineni kwayo kokuncipha kwegazi, kepha tinani eliqondile leXarelto umuntu adinga ukulithatha lizohluka ngokuya ngesimo sakhe sempilo, umlando wezokwelapha, nobudala, ngakho-ke kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi kufanele uthathe iXarelto engakanani.

Uma usukhulume nodokotela wakho futhi wazi ukuthi kufanele uthathe i-Xarelto engakanani, ungaqala ukuyithatha inqobo nje uma ulandela noma yiziphi izinkombandlela udokotela wakho akunikeze zona. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthi iziguli zithathe iXarelto ebusuku ngesidlo sakusihlwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa ( I-FDA ) ukhiphe imininingwane ethi iXarelto ingahle ingasebenzi kahle uma ingathathwa ngaleyo ndlela.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa nezidakamizwa

Ukudla neziphuzo eziningi kuphephile ukuthatha neXarelto, ngaphandle kotshwala, izithelo zomvini nojusi wezithelo zomvini. Izifundo kukhombisile ukuthi ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi uthatha iXarelto kungakhuphula ubungozi bokuphuma kwegazi, ukulimazeka kanye nokuphathwa ikhanda. Kwezinye iziguli, ukuphuza utshwala ngokulinganisela ngenkathi uthatha iXarelto kungahle kulunge, kepha ngaso sonke isikhathi kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza nodokotela wakho ukuthi usohlangothini oluphephile.

Abantu abathatha izinciphisi zegazi njengoXarelto akufanele badle izithelo zomvini noma baphuze ijusi lamagilebhisi ngoba ziqukethe izinto ezingasebenzisana nomuthi futhi zidale izinkinga. Ukushintshela kwesinye isithelo samawolintshi njengamawolintshi kungasiza ekunqandeni noma iziphi izifiso ongahle ube nazo ngezithelo ezisawolintshi futhi kukusize uhlale uphephile ngenkathi uthatha iXarelto.

Umthamo ophuthelwe

Uma ugcina ulahlekile umthamo weXarelto, kungcono ukuthatha umthamo ongabanjwanga ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula ngosuku olufanayo. Uma ukhumbula ukuthi uphuthelwe umthamo ngemuva kosuku, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthatha nje umthamo olandelayo ohlelelwe ukuwuthatha. I-Xarelto ine-half-life cishe Amahora ayi-11 kuye kwayi-13 ezigulini esezikhulile, okusho ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi umzimba usebenze isigamu somthamo. Ungathathi umthamo owengeziwe weXarelto uma kwenzeka uphuthelwa umthamo. Ukuba nemithi eyengeziwe ohlelweni lwakho kungadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Izilinganiso ze-Xarelto zingadinga ukwehliswa ezigulini ezindala ezinomsebenzi owehlisiwe wezinso.

Ungayigwema kanjani imiphumela emibi yeXarelto

Ukuthatha iXarelto ngasikhathi sinye usuku ngalunye kuzosiza umzimba wakho ukujwayela umuthi futhi kuzokusiza ukhumbule ukuthi kufanele uwuthathe nini. Lokhu kuzosiza futhi ekunciphiseni amathuba akho okuthola noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi. Uma uqala ukuba nemiphumela engemihle ngemuva kokuqala i-Xarelto, kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha umuthi kepha wazise udokotela wakho. Ukumisa iXarelto ngokungazelelwe kungakhuphula ubungozi bokuthola i- unhlangothi noma uhlangabezana neminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Kuzofanele ukhishwe ku-Xarelto ukuze uyeke ngokuphepha ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzoza necebo lokuthi uzothatha imithamo ephansi yeXarelto esikhathini esithile. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nezimpawu zokuhoxa, izehlakalo ezimbi, nezinkinga zokuvala igazi.

Iyiphi igazi ephephe kunazo zonke?

UXarelto akayona ukuphela kwegazi elinciphile kubantu abadala. Nazi ezinye izinciphisi zegazi ezivamile:

Ama-thinner amahle kakhulu kubantu abadala
Igama lomuthi	Isigaba sezidakamizwa	Umthamo ojwayelekile kwabadala (65 +) *	Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile kubantu abadala	Ukonga kwe-SingleCare	Funda kabanzi
Xarelto (i-rivaroxaban powder)	I-Anticoagulant	2.5 mg-10 mg ngosuku	Ingozi eyengeziwe yokopha, ubuhlungu emuva, nobuthakathaka	Thola isigqebhezana	Imininingwane yeXarelto
U-Eliquis(umabhebhana)	I-Anticoagulant	2.5 mg-10 mg uthathwe kabili ngosuku kuya ngokuthi	Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukulinyazwa, nesiyezi	Thola isigqebhezana	Imininingwane ka-Eliquis
I-Coumadin(warfarin)	I-Anticoagulant	<5 mg per day	Ukulimaza, ukopha nobuthakathaka	Thola isigqebhezana	Imininingwane yeWarfarin
I-Lovenox(enoxaparin)	I-Anticoagulant	I-1 mg-40 mg injected subcutaneously	Ukopha, ukusabela kwendawo yokujova, nokulimala	Thola isigqebhezana	Imininingwane kaLovenox
Pradaxa (dabigatran)	I-Anticoagulant	75 mg-150 mg uthathwe kabili ngosuku	Ukulimaza nokopha okuncane, isicanucanu, nesilungulela	Thola isigqebhezana	Imininingwane kaPradaxa
I-Arixtra (fondaparinux)	I-Anticoagulant	I-2.5 mg-10 mg injected kanye ngosuku	Izinkinga zokopha, i-anemia, nokubalwa kwamaseli abomvu abomvu	Thola isigqebhezana	Imininingwane ye-Arixtra