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Imiphumela emibi ye-Metformin nokuthi ungayigwema kanjani

Imiphumela emibi ye-Metformin nokuthi ungayigwema kanjaniImininingwane Yezidakamizwa

I-Metformin umuthi olwa nesifo sikashukela (ngokwezobuchwepheshe ohlukaniswa njenge-biguanide) odokotela abajwayele ukukunika ukwelapha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela kanye nama-prediabetes. Kuyasiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini nokubuyisa impendulo yomzimba ku-insulin. I-Metformin nayo ingaphatha i-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS). Amagama omkhiqizo adumile we-metformin afaka phakathi I-Glucophage , Fortamet, Amahlaya , noRiomet.





Zombili izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela kanye ne-PCOS yizimo ezivamile zezempilo, ngasinye sinamacala amasha angaphezu kwama-200,000 e-U.S. Minyaka yonke. Izigidi zabantu abadala zisengozini yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ngokwesaziso sezempilo somphakathi seCDC.



Uma utholakale ukuthi unanoma yisiphi isimo, kungenzeka ukuthi, i-metformin iyindlela yokwelashwa kuwe. Ukufunda ngemiphumela emibi ye-metformin, izexwayiso, kanye nokusebenzisana kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esisizayo ekutholeni ukuqonda okungcono komuthi.

Yini i-metformin?

I-Metformin ijwayele ukunikezwa ukusiza abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 lubangelwa ukumelana ne-insulin noma ukunciphisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin, okusho ukuthi umzimba awuphenduli kahle kwi-insulin. Abantu abane-type 2 diabetes noma ama-prediabetes une-hyperglycemia (ushukela ophakeme wegazi). I-Metformin isebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-glucose esibindi nangokunciphisa ukumuncwa komzimba kukashukela, womabili lawo asiza ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini. Kukholelwa futhi ukuthi i-metformin inyusa ukuzwela kwe-insulin, okusiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-glucose.

I-Metformin nayo ingabekwa ngaphandle kwelebuli yokwelapha i-polycystic ovary syndrome ( I-PCOS ), Isimo esingadala amazinga aphezulu e-insulin akhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela. Lo muthi usiza ukujwayelekile amazinga e-insulin futhi kungenzeka thuthukisa ukuzala .



Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-metformin

Ukufunda ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona ye-metformin kubaluleke njengokufunda ngezinzuzo. Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, kuhlale kunezingozi ezingaba khona. Le eminye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-metformin:

  • Uhudo
  • Isicanucanu
  • Isisu esibuhlungu
  • Ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni
  • Ukuhlanza
  • Ukuqhuma kwesisu
  • Ukwehla kwesisindo
  • Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
  • Isilungulela
  • Ukuqhakaza
  • Khwehlela
  • Ukulala
  • Ukuqunjelwa
  • Ubuhlungu bekhanda
  • Ukuchama kabuhlungu noma okunzima
  • I-Asthenia
  • Ukwehla kwamazinga kavithamini B12

Ingabe i-metformin ibangela ukulahleka kwesisindo?

Ukukhathazeka okuvamile mayelana ne-metformin ukuthi kubangela ukulahleka kwesisindo. Yize kungadala ukwehla kwesisindo ngokushintsha indlela umzimba ogcina ngayo amafutha, lokhu akusho ukuthi wonke umuntu odla umuthi uzokwehlisa isisindo, noma ukuthi kufanele uwusebenzise ukunciphisa umzimba.

Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani imiphumela emibi ye-metformin?

Imiphumela emibi ingaqala lapho uqala ukuthatha i-metformin. Kwabanye abantu, imiphumela emibi izophela kungekudala ngemuva kokuthi umzimba wabo uvumelane nomuthi. Kwabanye, imiphumela emibi ingahlala isikhathi eside noma ibe yimbi kakhulu. Iningi labantu lithatha i-metformin isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke uma imiphumela emibi ingapheli, ingadala ukulimala kwesikhathi eside. Eminye imiphumela emibi ye-metformin ingahamba enganakwa , ngakho kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo.



Imiphumela emibi ye-metformin

I-Metformin ihlotshaniswa neminye imiphumela emibi, emibi yesikhathi eside. Eminye imiphumela emibi ebangwa yi-metformin iyingozi futhi idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma ikuphi kokulandelayo, thintana nodokotela wezempilo ngokushesha:

  • Ukukhathala
  • Ukulala okungavamile
  • Ukuphefumula kanzima
  • Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okungajwayelekile
  • Inwele elikhanyayo noma isiyezi

Ukuthatha i-metformin isikhathi esengeziwe kungahle kube nemiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside. I-Metformin ingathinta amandla omzimba wokuthola i-vitamin B12 futhi ibangele ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12. Kaningi kuyadingeka ukuthi abantu abathatha i-metformin bathole ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze babheke amazinga abo kavithamini B12.

Yize kungavamile, i-metformin ingadala ukungezwani komzimba. Izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile zibandakanya ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma izandla, nokuqubuka kwesikhumba. Kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ukholwa ukuthi uhlangabezana nokusabela okweqile.



I-Lactic acidosis

Ukuthatha i-metformin kungadala isimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthii-lactic acidosis, okuyiqoqo le-lactic acid egazini. I-Lactic acidosis ingadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi cishe njalo idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Ukuphuza kakhulu utshwala ngenkathi ukwimetformin kungakhuphula kakhulu amathuba okuthola i-lactic acidosis. Izimpawu ze-lactic acidosis zifaka:

  • Isiyezi noma ikhanda elikhanyayo
  • Ubuhlungu bemisipha
  • Ubuthakathaka obukhulu noma ukukhathala
  • Ukuphefumula kanzima
  • Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okuhamba kancane
  • Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
  • Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla
  • Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngokuthatha i-metformin, kungcono ukubiza udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uzokunikeza izeluleko ngokufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo, futhi angakutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-metformin.



Izexwayiso zeMetformin

I-Metformin akuyona imithi efanelekile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokulungile ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma ama-prediabetes, inqobo nje uma udokotela ekuvumela, kepha imithamo izokwehluka. Kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80, i-metformin iyi- ebekiwe ngokuqapha ngokwesisekelo ngamacala.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezempilo banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola imiphumela emibi ngokuthatha i-metformin. Noma ngubani onenkinga yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukusebenza kwezinso okonakele, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi, noma i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela akufanele athathe i-metformin.



Abantu abanezinkinga zegazi, izinkinga zezinso, isifo sezinso, isifo sesibindi, noma izinkinga zokuphefumula kufanele baqaphele ukuthatha i-metformin. Ukuba nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimo nokuthatha i-metformin kungadala ukuthi i-metformin ingasebenzi kahle noma ibangele izinkinga ezengeziwe zezempilo, njenge-lactic acidosis.Lesi simo sibangela ukwakheka kwe-lactic acid egazini futhi kungabulala.

Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-metformin ingaba nezici zobungozi ezidlula imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile. Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa (i-FDA) kuphenya ukuthi i-metformin iqukethe carcinogens , kanye a Ucwaningo lwe-2018 iphakamisa ukuthi i-metformin inganciphisa ezinye zezinzuzo ezinhle zokuzivocavoca nge-aerobic kubantu abadala asebekhulile.



Okwamanje, ezinye izinganekwane ze-metformin zikhishwe. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi i-metformin ibanga ukuwohloka komqondo kepha a Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ngoFebhuwari 2019 ithole ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-metformin kuhlotshaniswa nengozi encishisiwe yokuwohloka komqondo.

Yize i-metformin ingasebenzi kwabanye abantu, lezi zixwayiso akufanele ziphikise iqiniso lokuthi isasiza abantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele ukuphatha izimo zabo zezempilo.

Ukusebenzisana kweMetformin

Imithi ethile ingenza i-metformin ingasebenzi kahle noma ibe mibi kakhulu.

Isibonelo, ukuthatha i-metformin nge-insulin ekhipha amaphilisi noma i-insulin kungadala i-hypoglycemia (ushukela ophansi wegazi), ngokusho Isikhungo Sokufundisa Ngesifo Sikashukela e-University of California . Abantu abaningi abathatha i-metformin bazodinga ukuqapha amazinga egazi labo eduze. Izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia zifaka isiyezi, ukuqhaqhazela, ukudideka, ukukhathala nokuquleka.

I-Metformin ingasebenzisana neminye imishanguzo, kufaka phakathi imishanguzo yokwelapha isisu, imishanguzo ye-steroid, imishanguzo ethile yegilo, imishanguzo yokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, kanye nesiteshi se-calcium esivimba izidakamizwa ezifana ne-nifedipine, kusho uChirag Shah, MD kanye nomsunguli Push Health , ipulatifomu yokunakekelwa kwezempilo eku-inthanethi. Ngenxa yokuhlangana okuhlukahlukene kwemithi, kubalulekile ukuthi ubuyekeze imishanguzo yesiguli ngaphambi kokubeka i-metformin.

Ukwakha uhlu lwazo zonke izithasiselo nemithi kadokotela oyithathayo futhi wabelane ngayo nodokotela wakho kuzokusiza ukuthi ugweme imiphumela engemihle engaqhamuka ekuthatheni i-metformin ngokunye okuthile.

Le mithi elandelayo ingaxhumana kabi ne-metformin:

  • Ama-antibiotic e-quinolone
  • I-Thiazide isisu
  • I-Verapamil
  • Imithi enikezwa ngaphambi kwama-MRIs, ama-X-Rays, noma ama-CT scan
  • I-Ethanol
  • Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)
  • Imithi ye-steroid
  • Imithi yegilo

Udokotela noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokwelapha angakunika uhlu oluphelele lwezidakamizwa ezihlangana kabi ne-metformin.

Ungayigwema kanjani imiphumela emibi ye-metformin

1. Thatha imithamo engaguquguquki

Kungcono ukulandela imiyalo yomkhiqizi yokuthi ungawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi ye-metformin. Iningi leziguli zithatha i-metformin njaloAmahora angu-12. Ukuthatha njalo umthamo ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele kungasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi.

Umthamo ojwayelekile we-metformin wabantu abadala u-1000 mg uthathwa kabili nsuku zonke ngokudla. Ukuthatha i-metforminnokudlakungasiza ukuqeda noma ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ehlobene nesisu. Ukuphuthelwa noma ukweqa umthamo we-metformin kungenza imiphumela emibi ibe mibi kakhulu.

2. Yenza izinguquko zokuphila nezokudla

Izinguquko kwendlela yokuphila zingenye ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela noma ama-prediabetes. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuthinte kahle umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga eglucose egazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ukudla okuthile okufana noshukela ocwengekile, utshwala namafutha e-hydrogenated kungadala ushukela osegazini, ngakho ukukugwema kungasiza kakhulu.

Ukudla nokuvivinya umzimba kungenzeka kungasebenzi njengezindlela eziphelele ze-metformin, kepha zisengathuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi ngenkathi uthatha i-metformin ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

3. Funa ezinye izindlela

Kukhona ezinye izindlela zokukhetha i-metformin yabantu abanezimo zezempilo ezibavimbela ekuthatheni i-metformin, noma kulabo abangakwazi ukuthatha i-metformin ngenxa yemiphumela yayo emibi. Labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bangazuza kuma-SGLT2 inhibitors, imishanguzo ye-GLP1, i-alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, i-gliptins, noma i-pioglitazone.

Ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda ngeminye imithi engahle ikulungele ngokuya ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye.

IMetformin Vs. i-metformin ER

I-Metformin ne-metformin enwetshiwe-release (ER) empeleni iyimithi efanayo, kepha iziguli azithathi i-metformin ER kaningi. I-ER imele ukukhishwa okunwetshiwe, okusho ukuthi umzimba umunca i-metformin ER ngokunensa kune-metformin ejwayelekile. Zombili lezi zidakamizwa zisiza abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 kanye nama-prediabetes ukulawula amazinga abo kashukela egazini.

I-Metformin, kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge-metformin-release-release (IR), ivame ukuthathwa kabili ngosuku. I-Metformin ER ithathwa kaningi, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku. Umthamo ojwayelekile we-metformin ER wabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngu-1000-2000 mg. Abanye abantu bangadinga ukuthatha i-metformin ER kabili nsuku zonke. Uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo anganquma lokhu ngokwezimo ngamacala.

I-Metformin ER inguqulo ejwayelekile yegama lomkhiqizo IGlucophage XR . Iziguli eziphazamisekile esiswini nge-metformin ejwayelekile zingashintshela ku-Metformin ER, ebekezelelwa kangcono.Thatha i-metformin ER njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho. Abanye odokotela bangancoma ukuthatha i-metformin ER kanye ekuseni ngesidlo sasekuseni noma kusihlwa ngesidlo sakusihlwa. Ukuthatha i-metformin ERnokudlakungasiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi bemiphumela emibi njengesisu esibuhlungu nohudo.

IMetformin Vs. imiphumela emibi ye-metformin ER

Ngokufanayo ne-metformin, imiphumela emibi ye-metformin ER ingafaka:

  • Isicanucanu
  • Uhudo
  • Isilungulela
  • Ubuhlungu bekhanda
  • Ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni
  • Ukukhathala
  • Ubumhlophe
  • Ubuhlungu bemisipha
  • Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okungajwayelekile

Njenge-metformin, i-metformin ER ingakhuphula ubungozi be-lactic acidosis.

Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha anganikeza uhlu oluphelele lwemiphumela emibi. Indlela enhle yokufunda kabanzi ngemiphumela emibi ye-metformin ne-metformin ER ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.