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Ungawuvikela kanjani umkhuhlane

Imfundo Yezempilo

Umkhuhlane wonyaka uvame ukucatshangwa njengobungozi — ongathandeki, kodwa ongenabungozi njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Iqiniso ngomkhuhlane libucayi kakhulu. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu bemisipha nomzimba, ukukhwehlela, ukuthimula, ukuminyana, impumu egijimayo, ikhala eligcwele, umphimbo obuhlungu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu zesisu. Kodwa abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi umkhuhlane nawo kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu njenge-pneumonia, ukuwohloka kwezimo ezikhona zezempilo — njengesifo senhliziyo nesifo samaphaphu, ukulaliswa esibhedlela, ngisho nokufa. (Futhi lokho akubheki nokuthi iqiniso lokuthi inkathi yomkhuhlane ka-2020-2021 izosebenza ngasikhathi sinye nobhadane lwe-COVID-19.)

Ngenkathi yomkhuhlane ka-2018-2019, iCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ilinganisela ukuthi abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-42.9 bagula, abantu abangu-647,000 balaliswa ezibhedlela, kwathi abangu-36,400-61,200 bashona, kusho uKumar Dharmarajan, MD, oyisikhulu sesayensi Impilo kaClover . Ukuvimbela umkhuhlane kubaluleke kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye nakubantu bonke.

Umkhuhlane udutshulwe uyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvikela ukubamba nokusabalalisa umkhuhlane; kepha imikhuba yenhlanzeko njengokugeza izandla, indawo yokuhlanza indle, kanye nokukhetha okunempilo jikelele kungasiza kakhulu ekunqandeni ukubhebhetheka komkhuhlane.

Usakazeka kanjani umkhuhlane?

Ngokuvamile, abantu abangenwe umkhuhlane bayathathelana usuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuba bazizwe begula kuze kube yizinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokugula , kepha lokhu kungahluka. Ngokuya [kocwaningo], kwezinye izimo, uhhafu kuphela wabantu abathelelekile ozoba nezimpawu, kusho uDkt. Dharmarajan. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungazi ngokuphelele ukuthi unemfuluwenza, kepha ube unegciwane emzimbeni wakho futhi ukwazi ukulidlulisela kwabanye.

Leli gciwane lisakazeka ngamaconsi oketshezi lomzimba , umuntu angahlangana naye kakhulu ngokukhwehlela, ukuthimula, noma ngokuthinta izindawo ezingcolisiwe njengezikhonkwane zeminyango.

Ngenxa yokuthi kunegciwane lesifo somkhuhlane ezingaphezu kwesisodwa elijikeleza inkathi ngayinye yomkhuhlane, futhi lezo zinhlobo zishintsha unyaka nonyaka, usengcupheni yokubamba umkhuhlane uma usuvele unawo lo mkhuhlane, ngisho muva nje.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ukuvikela okuhle kakhulu

Into ebaluleke kakhulu abantu abangayenza ukulwa nokubhebhetheka komkhuhlane, futhi ukuzivikela, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane (nge-flu shot noma umuthi wokugoma wamakhala) ngamunye unyaka. Umkhuhlane udutshulwa ukuphela kokuqapha okwenza impendulo yomzimba womzimba eqondene ngqo negciwane lomkhuhlane uqobo.

I-CDC incoma ukuthi umkhuhlane udutshulwe kuwo wonke umuntu oneminyaka eyisithupha noma ngaphezulu, kusho uDkt. Dharmarajan. Umuthi wokugoma ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka okunzima, njengezingane ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nalabo abanezimo ezingalapheki.

Kukhona nezinguqulo ezingenamaqanda manje kulabo abesaba ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba neqanda kuvimbela ukuthola kwabo ukuvikelwa, kusho uJoshua Septimus, MD, umuthi wangaphakathi kanye noprofesa ohlangene wezokwelapha emtholampilo IHouston Methodist Hospital .

UDkt Septimus ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokudutshulwa komkhuhlane kubantu abakhulelwe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuba nezinkinga ezibulalayo zomkhuhlane, kusho uDkt Septimus. Bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabathandekayo babo kufanele benze ukugoma kwemikhuhlane kube yinto eza kuqala. Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ngenkathi ukhulelwe kungavikela ngisho nezingane ezinyangeni ezisanda kuzalwa, lapho zisencane kakhulu ukuthi zingagonywa.

OKUSHIWO: Konke okufanele ukwazi ngokuthola umkhuhlane ngenkathi ukhulelwe

Ukudutshulwa komkhuhlane kungahluka ngokusebenza unyaka nonyaka futhi kumuntu nomuntu, kepha ukusebenza okuphelele kwesibhamu kuphakathi 40% no-60% lapho iningi lamagciwane omkhuhlane ahambisana kahle nomuthi wokugoma. Noma ukudutshulwa kungaphumeleli ngo-100%, kusabaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umkhuhlane.

Umkhuhlane awuvimbeli nje kuphela abantu abaningi ekutholeni umkhuhlane, kodwa futhi uvimbela noma ngubani lowo muntu obezobe engenwe ukugula, njalonjalo. Abantu abambalwa abagulayo, kuncipha ukusakazeka.

Umuthi wokugoma ubuye usize ukuvikela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zomkhuhlane, noma ngabe umuntu ogonyiwe angenwa yigciwane. Ngesikhathi somkhuhlane we-2018-2019, umkhuhlane wadutshulwa kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuvimbele izifo ezingama-4.4 million zomkhuhlane, ukuvakashelwa kwezokwelapha okuhlobene nomkhuhlane kanye nezibhedlela ezingama-58,000 ezihambisana nomkhuhlane. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane usindisa izimpilo zezingane futhi ukhonjiswe ukuthi wehlisa ukuhlala kwe-PICU okuhlobene nomkhuhlane ezinganeni ngama-74%.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlukanisa imfuluwenza, enye yazo ukuthi ngabe iyi- okulandelanayo (izingxenye ezintathu) noma i-quadrivalent (izingxenye ezine) ukwakheka. Imikhiqizo ehlukile zikhona ngaphansi kwesigaba ngasinye, futhi zingakhethwa ngokuya ngeminyaka kanye / noma ezinye izidingo zesiguli.

Kufanele udutshulwe umkhuhlane wakho ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba unyaka nonyaka, kodwa ngoba kuthatha amasonto amabili ukuthi usebenze ngemuva komjovo, ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungcono. Uma ulinda kuze kube yilapho abanye emphakathini wakho beqala ukungenwa umkhuhlane, uzozishiya usengozini phakathi kwewindi phakathi nesikhathi sokudutshulwa nesikhathi sokuvinjelwa kokukhahlela, kuchaza uDkt Dharmarajan.

Noma ngabe uphuthelwe ngumnqamulajuqu wango-Okthoba, akukephuzi kakhulu ukuthi ugonywe. Isikhathi somkhuhlane siqala ngoMeyi, ngakho-ke kungcono sekwephuze kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.

Yize kunolwazi oluningi olungelona iqiniso laphaya mayelana nokudutshulwa ngumkhuhlane, iqiniso ukuthi kuyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokuvikela umkhuhlane kanye nezinkinga zomkhuhlane.

OKUSHIWO: Izinganekwane ezi-7 ezivamile ngomkhuhlane odutshulwe

Ungawuvimbela kanjani umkhuhlane (izinyathelo eziyi-9 ngemuva kokuthola umkhuhlane)

Ngenkathi umkhuhlane ungukuvikela okuhamba phambili, kunezinye izinyathelo esingazithatha ukunciphisa noma ukuvimbela ukusabalala komkhuhlane.

Hlala ekhaya ngenkathi ugula. Ukuhlala kude nabanye abantu ngeke kukwenzele okuningi ukugula kwakho, kepha kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni imikhuhlane. Ngisho noma uzizwa uphile ngokwanele ukuba ungasebenza noma uhambise ezinye izinto, ungathelela umuntu osengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zomkhuhlane omkhulu. Okufanayo kwenzelwa ukugcina izingane ekhaya zivela esikoleni ngenkathi zigula.
Geza izandla zakho. Geza izandla zakho, ngaphezu kwalokho ocabanga ukuthi udinga ukukwenza, uDkt Dharmarajan weluleka. Sebenzisa insipho namanzi afudumele, gcoba ngamandla okungenani imizuzwana engama-20 (zama ukucula ingoma yezingane njengoMary Had a Little Lamb noma i-Happy Birthday-kabili) bese usula izandla zakho. Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa ithawula lephepha ukucisha umpompi. Ukugeza izandla njalo kubalulekile ukuthi uyagula noma cha. Phatha i-sanitizer yezandla enotshwala ngezikhathi lapho ukugeza izandla kungenzeki.
Cover ukhwehlela futhi ethimula. Ukukhwehlela nokuthimula kungadala ukuthi amaconsi ahambe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-20 , futhi amaconsi angahlala emisiwe emoyeni kuze kube yimizuzu eyi-10. Noma ngubani osemgqeni womlilo, noma othinta noma yini, uzovezwa amagciwane omkhuhlane. Esikhundleni sokumboza umlomo ngezandla zakho, sebenzisa ingaphakathi lendololwane yakho noma umkhono wakho ongaphezulu.
Gwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho. Awukwazi ukugeza izandla njalo ngemizuzwana emihlanu, ngakho-ke vimbela noma yimaphi amagciwane ongawa nawo esandleni sakho ukuthi angene emzimbeni wakho ngokugcina izandla zakho zisuka ebusweni bakho. Kuwumkhuba onzima ukugqashula, kodwa kuwufanele!
Gqoka isifihla-buso. Uma usezindaweni zomphakathi ngaphandle komndeni wakho noma i-pod yokuhlukaniswa, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka isembozo sobuso. Lokhu kuzokusiza kukuvikele ku-COVID-19 kanjalo nakumkhuhlane.
Gcina izindawo zomphakathi zihlanzekile. Izingcingo, izibambo zeminyango, nanoma yini abantu abaningi abasendaweni yakho abasebenzisayo kufanele zihlanzwe ngesibulala-magciwane njalo.
Lala ngokwanele. Yize lokhu kungeke kuvimbele ngqo umkhuhlane, ukulala ngokwanele kubalulekile empilweni yakho jikelele, okusiza amasosha akho omzimba ukulwa negciwane lomkhuhlane. Hlela amahora ayisishiyagalombili okulala kwekhwalithi ubusuku ngabunye.
Phuza uketshezi oluningi, udle kahle, futhi uhlale usebenza. Njengokulala, lokhu akusikho ukuzivikela okuqondile emkhuhlaneni, kepha kunalokho kusiza ukugcina umzimba wakho uphilile ngokuphelele futhi ukwazi kangcono ukuphatha amagciwane ahlangabezana nawo.
Hlala kude nokubhema. Ukubhema akugcini nje ngokukwenza ube namathuba amaningi okuthi ubanjwe umkhuhlane, kwenza kube nzima ukulwa negciwane uma usugula, kusho uDkt. Dharmarajan. Ngisho nentuthu kagwayi ingakubhebhethekisa ukuminyana kwakho nokukhwehlela ngesikhathi somkhuhlane. Kuyafana futhi uma unenkontileka ye-COVID-19.

Ungawuvimbela kanjani umkhuhlane ukuthi ungasakazeki endlini yakho

Ukuhlala ekhaya ngenkathi ugula kubalulekile-kepha kwenzekani uma othile endlini yakho egula, kanti wena ungaguli (futhi ungafuni ukuba njalo)? Isikhathi sokubeka imithetho ethile yasendlini yokugula.

Gcina umuntu ogulayo ahlukaniswe yedwa ngangokunokwenzeka . Uma bengaba negumbi, ngisho negumbi lokugezela, bebodwa, lokho kunciphisa ubungozi kwabanye.
Gqoka isifihla-buso. Kuphakathi kokuthi umuntu ogulayo angagqoka isifihla-buso, noma bonke abasendlini bangagqoka. Noma zombili, uma ufuna ukuqapha ngokwengeziwe!
Yiba nezicubu namathawula okusetshenziswa kanye. Akukho ukwabelana! Yiba ne- akukho-thoti kadoti ongathinti ngezicubu ezisetshenzisiwe.
Khipha amagciwane ezindaweni okukhona kuzo. Qiniseka ukuthi ubulala amagciwane ezindaweni ezingafakwanga amagciwane — ungagcini ngokuhlanza. Ukuhlanza kuzonakekela ukungcola, kepha ukubulala amagciwane kuphela okuzobulala amagciwane. Sebenzisa isisombululo esichaza kulebula ukuthi ibulala amagciwane womkhuhlane. Ngenye indlela, ungaxuba ¼ inkomishi ye-chlorine bleach ibe yilitha elilodwa lamanzi ashisayo. Ezinye izindawo zokunaka kakhulu ukufaka:
- Izinduku zeminyango
- Ukushintsha ukukhanya
- Izibambo
- Omakhalekhukhwini
- Amathoyizi
- Amathebulethi
- Izinto zokubala
- Usihlalo uyabaleka
- Noma iziphi ezinye izindawo abantu abazithinta njalo

Ungawuvimbela kanjani umkhuhlane ngokwemvelo

Ngeshwa, uvithamini C kanye nezinye izixazululo zemvelo akuzange kuboniswe ngokuqinisekile ukuvimbela umkhuhlane, kusho uDkt. Dharmarajan. Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco nokuphelele, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukugwema ukubhema, nokuhlala uphilile ngokujwayelekile kubalulekile, kepha qiniseka ukuthi uthola umkhuhlane futhi.

UDkt Septimus uqonde kakhulu: Ngincoma ngokumelene nabo, usho kanjalo.

Qaphela izindawo ezikhangisa ezinye izindlela zemfuluwenza noma eminye imikhiqizo ethi ivimbela ngqo umkhuhlane. Ngenkathi ukugcina umzimba wakho usesimweni esihle kungakusiza ukulwa nezifo ngokujwayelekile, le mikhiqizo imvamisa ayisebenzi ngokwanele ngama-immune boosters, futhi akekho noyedwa wabo olwa nomkhuhlane ngqo.

Amanye amakhambi emvelo, njengoju lwezinyosi Umphimbo obuhlungu noma itiye le-ginger le-an isisu esibuhlungu , ingasiza ngezimpawu zomkhuhlane, kepha indlela engcono yokuvimbela umkhuhlane kusengumkhuhlane, ukwenza inhlanzeko efanele, nokuthola indlela yokuphila enempilo jikelele.

Imithi esiza ukulwa nomkhuhlane

Ngenkathi kungekho ukwelashwa komkhuhlane, uNodar Janas, MD, umqondisi wezokwelapha we Isikhungo Sokulungisa kanye Nobuhlengikazi i-Upper East Side eNew York, uthi kunemithi embalwa yokulwa namagciwane engasiza. Uma zilawulwa ngesikhathi esifanele, zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima futhi zinciphise ubude bezimpawu zomkhuhlane, usho kanjalo. Zitholakala ngemithi kadokotela kuphela ngakho kuzodingeka uthathe uhambo oluya ehhovisi likadokotela wakho. Le mithi elwa namagciwane ihlanganisa:

Igama lomuthi	Thola isigqebhezana
UTamiflu	Thola isigqebhezana
U-Relenza Diskhaler	Thola isigqebhezana

Yize bengeke basize umzimba ukulwa negciwane lomkhuhlane, eminye imishanguzo yamakhasimende ingasiza ukuphatha izimpawu eziza nomkhuhlane. Eminye imithi engakusiza uzizwe ungcono ihlanganisa:

Igama lomuthi	Thola isigqebhezana
UVicks Nyquil / Dayquil Cold noMkhuhlane	Thola isigqebhezana
I-Theraflu Flu ne-Sro Throat	Thola isigqebhezana
I-Vicks Sinex Enamandla Kakhulu	Thola isigqebhezana

(Ungasebenzisa ikhadi le-SingleCare ukonga kule mithi, kepha umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzodinga ukubhala incwadi kadokotela kuqala.) Le mithi ingaba nemiphumela engemihle, futhi ingaxhumana neminye imithi, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ilebula bese ukhuluma usokhemisi wakho ngaphambi kokuziqala.

Umkhuhlane uyesabeka futhi uyesabisa, ayikho indlela yokukuphika lokho. Ngokujabulisayo, ngokusebenzisa imikhuba yenhlanzeko ejwayelekile, sisebenzela ukugcina imizimba yethu iphilile ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi siqinisekisa ukuthi umkhuhlane udutshulwa njalo ngonyaka, singasiza ukugcina umkhuhlane ukhona. Manje hamba ugeze izandla zakho!