Izimpawu zomkhuhlane 101: Ingabe umkhuhlane noma enye into?

Imfundo Yezempilo

Bangu Amacala ayizigidi ezingama-25 kuye kwangama-50 womkhuhlane ngonyaka e-U.S. kuphela, kepha akusikho konke ukugula kwasebusika umkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka okuphefumula okubangelwa igciwane lomkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane usakazeka ngokuxhumana nomuntu onegciwane, noma kuyaqabukela onalo isilwane . Kungaba nzima kakhulu kubantu abasengozini enkulu njengabantu abadala asebekhulile, izingane ezincane, nabantu abanezimo ezingapheli zezokwelapha. Umkhuhlane kwesinye isikhathi ungabukeka ufana nezinye izifo njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma i-coronavirus. Kepha uma wazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisana nokutheleleka ngakunye, kulula kakhulu ukuzibona. Futhi lena yinkomba yakho yezimpawu zomkhuhlane owodwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane?

Igciwane lomkhuhlane liza nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zezinkomba zokuqala zifaka:

• Ikhala eligijimayo noma eligudlanayo
• Kukitaza umphimbo
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba obumnene
• Ukukhathala okungavamile
• Ukuthimula

Ezimweni eziningi, lezi azimnene isikhathi eside. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane zingakhuphuka ngokushesha futhi zifake:

• Imfiva
• Amakhaza
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Khwehlela
• Ukukhathala

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ezinganeni zivame ukufana nalezo ezitholakala kubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, izingane zinamathuba amaningi okuthi zithole i- umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphezulu (103 ° F kuye ku-105 ° F) noma izingqinamba zamathumbu ezifana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokuhuda.

Izifo zibonakala ngokuhlukile kubantu abahlukene, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuba nomkhuhlane ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokuphefumula, kodwa kuhle kakhulu.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane uma kuqhathaniswa namagama emikhuhlane

Kunezinhlobo nezinhlobo eziningi zomkhuhlane, futhi kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwazo ngokuya ngezimpawu zodwa. Igciwane lomkhuhlane linezigaba eziningi nama-subtypes. Bangu izigaba ezine ezibanzi zegciwane lomkhuhlane : umkhuhlane A, B, C, no-D.

I-Influenza A ne-B zivame kakhulu ukudala umkhuhlane wonyaka esivame ukukhathazeka ngawo unyaka ngamunye, futhi izimpawu ngokuvamile ziyafana cishe kungaba nzima ukwehlukanisa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe.

Ngenkathi i-Influenza C nayo ingathelela abantu, izimpawu ngokuvamile mncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezifo ezine-Influenza A no-B.

Umkhuhlane D uvame ukuthelela izinkomo kuphela.

Khumbula ukuthi igama elithi umkhuhlane alilona igama futhi livame ukusetshenziswa ngokungalungile. Isibonelo, umkhuhlane wesisu ubizwa ngokuthi yi-viral gastroenteritis futhi akusona isifo sokuphefumula noma esihlobene nomkhuhlane nhlobo, kepha ubangelwa amagciwane ahluke ngokuphelele njenge-noroviruses noma i-rotavirus.

Umkhuhlane uma kuqhathaniswa namagama omkhuhlane
Igama elijwayelekile	Umkhuhlane	Umkhuhlane wesisu
Igciwane	Umkhuhlane A noma B	Ama-Noroviruses, i-rotavirus
Izimpawu ezivamile	Imfiva Amakhaza Ubuhlungu bomzimba Umphimbo obuhlungu Ukuphathwa ikhanda Ukukhathala	Ubuhlungu besisu Isicanucanu Ukuhlanza Uhudo Amakhaza Ukukhathala Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla Imfiva

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane ovamile

Umkhuhlane ovamile nomkhuhlane kubelana ngezimpawu ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke bavame ukudideka. Ngenkathi zombili zingadala ikhala eligobayo, umphimbo obuhlungu, nokukhwehlela, imikhuhlane ayivamisile ukubanga umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, noma ukukhathala.

Umkhuhlane kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane ovamile
Umkhuhlane	Umkhuhlane ovamile
Imfiva Amakhaza Ubuhlungu bomzimba Umphimbo obuhlungu Ukuphathwa ikhanda Ukukhathala	Impumu eminyene Ukuthimula Umphimbo obuhlungu Khwehlela Ukuminyana Umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ne-COVID-19

Njengoba ubhadane lwe-COVID-19 seludlulele e-United States — nasemhlabeni wonke — linezigidi zabantu ezibuza ukuthi ngabe sebeke babamba i-coronavirus noma umkhuhlane wonyaka. Laba bobabili banezimpawu ezifanayo nezindlela zokudlulisa, kepha i-coronavirus iyathathelana kakhulu, futhi izimpawu zayo zithatha isikhathi eside ukukhula . Umehluko ophawuleka kakhulu ukuthi i-COVID-19 imvamisa kakhulu ibangela ukuphefumula okuncane nokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka noma iphunga.

Umkhuhlane vs. COVID-19
Umkhuhlane	I-coronavirus
Imfiva Amakhaza Ubuhlungu bomzimba Umphimbo obuhlungu Ukuphathwa ikhanda Ukukhathala	Imfiva Khwehlela Ukuphelelwa umoya Ubuhlungu bemisipha Ukukhathala Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka noma ukuhogela Iphunga eligijimayo

OKUSHIWO: Coronavirus vs. umkhuhlane vs. umkhuhlane

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivele? Zihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ake sibheke umugqa wesikhathi. Izimpawu zingaqala ukuvela ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezine ngemuva kokuchayeka ku-virus (imvamisa kakhulu ezimbili). Imvamisa zihlala izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Ezinye izimpawu, njengokukhathala, zingahlala kuze kube amasonto amabili. Imvamisa, umuntu onomkhuhlane uyathathelana cishe isonto lonke kusukela ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokukhombisa izimpawu zokugula. Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, noma kunjalo, kungasiza ukunciphisa isikhathi somkhuhlane futhi ekugcineni kutheleleke.

Lo mugqa wesikhathi ungaba mude kumaqembu asengozini enkulu njengabantu abadala asebekhulile, izingane ezincane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nabantu abanezifo ezingalapheki noma amasosha omzimba abuthaka. Lawa maqembu asengozini enkulu yezinkinga, ezingabandakanya:

• Inyumoniya
• Ukutheleleka ezindlebeni
• Izifo zesinus
• Ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni

Izinkinga ezibandayo, ezinzima kakhulu zomkhuhlane zifaka ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo, ubuchopho, noma imisipha, nokwehluleka komzimba.

Umkhuhlane ovamile unesikhathi esifanayo sokufukamela, ngokushesha nje okungatheni. Izimpawu zingavela ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12 ngemuva kokutheleleka, zikhuphuke phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu, futhi zihlale izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingu-10.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iCoronavirus ikhula kancane. Ngokusho kwamaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention , izimpawu zingavela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezingu-14 ngemuva kokuchayeka futhi zihlala isikhathi esingamasonto amabili. Ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwayo, i-CDC incoma ukuzihlukanisa izinsuku eziyishumi ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu futhi kuze kungabikho umkhuhlane amahora angama-24 ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokwehlisa umkhuhlane, inqobo nje uma zonke izimpawu sezithuthukile .

OKUSHIWO: Esikwaziyo ngama-sequelae kanye nezimpawu ze-COVID-19 eziqhubekayo

Ungazelapha kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane

Ngemuva kokuthola igciwane lomkhuhlane, ayikho indlela yokuliqeda ngokuphelele. Ezimweni eziningi, izomane isebenze inkambo yayo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezisiza ukuphatha nokunciphisa izimpawu. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Imithi elwa namagciwane: Njengoba umkhuhlane ukutheleleka ngegciwane, imishanguzo kadokotela yokulwa namagciwane njenge UTamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) kanye U-Relenza (zanamivir) inganciphisa ubude nobukhulu bezimpawu zayo.
• Ukudambisa izinhlungu zasesitolo: Ibuprofen , acetaminophen , futhi umabhebhana kungadambisa izinhlungu zemisipha futhi kunciphise umkhuhlane.
• Imithi yomkhuhlane we-OTC nomkhuhlane: Ukukhwehlela nemithi ebandayo efana I-DayQuil inganciphisa ukukhwehlela, ukuphuma kwamakhala, umphimbo obuhlungu, nezinye izimpawu zomkhuhlane.
• Uketshezi: Isiza nge-hydration futhi ihlephule amafinyila, ikwenze kube lula ukuqeda. Izinketho ezinhle ngamanzi, iziphuzo zezithelo zangempela, itiye, neziphuzo zemidlalo, kepha gwema utshwala noma i-caffeine eyeqile.
• Ukuphumula: Ivumela umzimba ukuthi ugxile kumasosha akho omzimba futhi kusiza ukugwema ukukhuphuka kokukhathala nezinhlungu zomzimba. Ukuhlala ekhaya ungasebenzi noma ukuzibandakanya nomphakathi nakho kuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane.
• Ama-humidifiers kanye ne-steam: Kunganciphisa ikhala eligcwele nokukhwehlela.
• Ukucindezela okubandayo namabhati okugeza: Lokhu kuzosiza ukuphatha ukushisa komzimba noma okungenani ukugcina umzimba umuzwa kupholile.

Imvamisa ngincoma ukuphumula nokufaka amanzi ngeziphuzo ezinama-electrolyte afana neGatorade noma amanzi kakhukhunathi, kusho uShirin Peters, MD, umsunguli we IBethany Medical Clinic eManhattan. Ngomkhuhlane, ngincoma iTylenol. UDkt. Peters futhi uncoma ukuzihlukanisa wedwa ekuqaleni kwezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ngoba i-COVID-19 ingabonisa izimpawu ezicishe zifane futhi ingaholela ekuguleni okunzima noma (kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu) ukufa.

Uzoya nini kudokotela ngomkhuhlane

Ezimweni eziningi, umkhuhlane ubangela ukungaphatheki kahle izinsuku ezimbalwa kodwa ekugcineni uzixazulule ngokwawo kungapheli isonto noma ngaphezulu. Kepha hhayi njalo. Kwabanye, umkhuhlane ungadala ukusongela impilo, nezinkinga ezinkulu, njengoba kubonakala kubantu abadala asebekhulile. I-CDC ilinganisela Ama-70% kuya kuma-85% okufa okuhlobene nomkhuhlane aphakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka engama-65 kuya phezulu. Noma ngubani onesici esisodwa noma eziningi ezilandelayo zobungozi bokugula komkhuhlane kufanele avakashele umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuvimbela izifo ezinzima noma izifo:

• Mdala kuneminyaka engu-65 ubudala
• Ungaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 ubudala, ikakhulukazi ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezingapheli (i-asthma, i-cystic fibrosis, i-COPD, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso, njll.)
• Amasosha omzimba afakwe ebucayini (avela kwi-HIV / AIDS noma eminye imishanguzo yokuzivikela emzimbeni)

Ngaphandle kwalokho, abantu abaningi bangabhekana nesiphepho kuze kuphele izimpawu. Ezinye izimpawu zikhombisa isimo esibi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. NgokukaDkt. Peters, noma ngubani ohlangabezana nalezi zimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo kufanele abonane nochwepheshe:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Isisu noma ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi
• Ukuqhubeka nesiyezi, ukudideka noma ukozela
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha
• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu
• Umkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela okuthuthuka, bese ubuya
• Ukuwohloka kwezimo zezokwelapha ezingamahlalakhona
• Ukudlikiza
• Ukungabi nokuchama

Abantu abahlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma beyingxenye ye- abantu abasengozini enkulu , kufanele avakashele umhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Iphuzu eliyinhloko — izimpawu zomkhuhlane ziyavikeleka

Asidalelwe ukuhlala phansi silinde ukuthi kufike umkhuhlane. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane uyindlela ephumelelayo yokuzivikela kuwo. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo evamile, umkhuhlane uzoba hhayi nika umuntu umkhuhlane . Esikhundleni salokho, kuzokhuthaza ukwakheka komzimba kwama-antibody wokulwa nomkhuhlane futhi kunciphise ubunzima besifo.

Ukudutshulwa ngumkhuhlane ngeke kuvimbele izifo ze-COVID-19 . Kepha ngokuvikela umkhuhlane, izogodla igciwane elingenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba futhi lenze umuntu atheleleke kalula kwezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo, kufaka phakathi i-coronavirus. Ekugcineni, kungcono ukuyidlala iphephile bese uthola umkhuhlane.